RISC-V: enable XIP

Introduce XIP (eXecute In Place) support for RISC-V platforms.
It allows code to be executed directly from non-volatile storage
directly addressable by the CPU, such as QSPI NOR flash which can
be found on many RISC-V platforms. This makes way for significant
optimization of RAM footprint. The XIP kernel is not compressed
since it has to run directly from flash, so it will occupy more
space on the non-volatile storage. The physical flash address used
to link the kernel object files and for storing it has to be known
at compile time and is represented by a Kconfig option.

XIP on RISC-V will for the time being only work on MMU-enabled
kernels.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool@konsulko.com>
[Alex: Rebase on top of "Move kernel mapping outside the linear mapping" ]
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
[Palmer: disable XIP for allyesconfig]
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

arch/riscv/Kconfig

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ config RISCV
 	select ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
 	select ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
 	select ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY
-	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if MMU
-	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX if MMU
+	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if MMU && !XIP_KERNEL
+	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX if MMU && !XIP_KERNEL
 	select ARCH_HAS_TICK_BROADCAST if GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST
 	select ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX if ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
 	select ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ config EFI_STUB
 
 config EFI
 	bool "UEFI runtime support"
-	depends on OF
+	depends on OF && !XIP_KERNEL
 	select LIBFDT
 	select UCS2_STRING
 	select EFI_PARAMS_FROM_FDT
@@ -492,11 +492,63 @@ config STACKPROTECTOR_PER_TASK
 	def_bool y
 	depends on STACKPROTECTOR && CC_HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR_TLS
 
+config PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
+	bool "Explicitly specified physical RAM address"
+	default n
+
+config PHYS_RAM_BASE
+	hex "Platform Physical RAM address"
+	depends on PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
+	default "0x80000000"
+	help
+	  This is the physical address of RAM in the system. It has to be
+	  explicitly specified to run early relocations of read-write data
+	  from flash to RAM.
+
+config XIP_KERNEL
+	bool "Kernel Execute-In-Place from ROM"
+	depends on MMU && SPARSEMEM
+	# This prevents XIP from being enabled by all{yes,mod}config, which
+	# fail to build since XIP doesn't support large kernels.
+	depends on !COMPILE_TEST
+	select PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
+	help
+	  Execute-In-Place allows the kernel to run from non-volatile storage
+	  directly addressable by the CPU, such as NOR flash. This saves RAM
+	  space since the text section of the kernel is not loaded from flash
+	  to RAM.  Read-write sections, such as the data section and stack,
+	  are still copied to RAM.  The XIP kernel is not compressed since
+	  it has to run directly from flash, so it will take more space to
+	  store it.  The flash address used to link the kernel object files,
+	  and for storing it, is configuration dependent. Therefore, if you
+	  say Y here, you must know the proper physical address where to
+	  store the kernel image depending on your own flash memory usage.
+
+	  Also note that the make target becomes "make xipImage" rather than
+	  "make zImage" or "make Image".  The final kernel binary to put in
+	  ROM memory will be arch/riscv/boot/xipImage.
+
+	  SPARSEMEM is required because the kernel text and rodata that are
+	  flash resident are not backed by memmap, then any attempt to get
+	  a struct page on those regions will trigger a fault.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config XIP_PHYS_ADDR
+	hex "XIP Kernel Physical Location"
+	depends on XIP_KERNEL
+	default "0x21000000"
+	help
+	  This is the physical address in your flash memory the kernel will
+	  be linked for and stored to.  This address is dependent on your
+	  own flash usage.
+
 endmenu
 
 config BUILTIN_DTB
-	def_bool n
+	bool
 	depends on OF
+	default y if XIP_KERNEL
 
 menu "Power management options"
 

arch/riscv/Makefile

@@ -82,7 +82,11 @@ CHECKFLAGS += -D__riscv -D__riscv_xlen=$(BITS)
 
 # Default target when executing plain make
 boot		:= arch/riscv/boot
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
+KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/xipImage
+else
 KBUILD_IMAGE	:= $(boot)/Image.gz
+endif
 
 head-y := arch/riscv/kernel/head.o
 
@@ -96,12 +100,14 @@ PHONY += vdso_install
 vdso_install:
 	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=arch/riscv/kernel/vdso $@
 
+ifneq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
 ifeq ($(CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE)$(CONFIG_SOC_CANAAN),yy)
 KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/loader.bin
 else
 KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/Image.gz
 endif
-BOOT_TARGETS := Image Image.gz loader loader.bin
+endif
+BOOT_TARGETS := Image Image.gz loader loader.bin xipImage
 
 all:	$(notdir $(KBUILD_IMAGE))
 

arch/riscv/boot/Makefile

@@ -17,8 +17,21 @@
 KCOV_INSTRUMENT := n
 
 OBJCOPYFLAGS_Image :=-O binary -R .note -R .note.gnu.build-id -R .comment -S
+OBJCOPYFLAGS_xipImage :=-O binary -R .note -R .note.gnu.build-id -R .comment -S
 
 targets := Image Image.* loader loader.o loader.lds loader.bin
+targets := Image Image.* loader loader.o loader.lds loader.bin xipImage
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
+
+quiet_cmd_mkxip = $(quiet_cmd_objcopy)
+cmd_mkxip = $(cmd_objcopy)
+
+$(obj)/xipImage: vmlinux FORCE
+	$(call if_changed,mkxip)
+	@$(kecho) '  Physical Address of xipImage: $(CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR)'
+
+endif
 
 $(obj)/Image: vmlinux FORCE
 	$(call if_changed,objcopy)

arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h

@@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ extern unsigned long va_pa_offset;
 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
 extern unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+extern unsigned long va_kernel_xip_pa_offset;
+#endif
 extern unsigned long pfn_base;
 #define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET		(pfn_base)
 #else
@@ -107,11 +110,29 @@ extern unsigned long pfn_base;
 extern unsigned long kernel_virt_addr;
 
 #define linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)	((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_pa_offset))
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(y)	({						\
+	unsigned long _y = y;								\
+	(_y >= CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE) ?							\
+		(void *)((unsigned long)(_y) + va_kernel_pa_offset + XIP_OFFSET) :	\
+		(void *)((unsigned long)(_y) + va_kernel_xip_pa_offset);		\
+	})
+#else
 #define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(x)	((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_kernel_pa_offset))
+#endif
 #define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x)		linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)
 
 #define linear_mapping_va_to_pa(x)	((unsigned long)(x) - va_pa_offset)
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(y) ({						\
+	unsigned long _y = y;							\
+	(_y < kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET) ?					\
+		((unsigned long)(_y) - va_kernel_xip_pa_offset) :		\
+		((unsigned long)(_y) - va_kernel_pa_offset - XIP_OFFSET);	\
+	})
+#else
 #define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(x)	((unsigned long)(x) - va_kernel_pa_offset)
+#endif
 #define __va_to_pa_nodebug(x)	({						\
 	unsigned long _x = x;							\
 	(_x < kernel_virt_addr) ?						\

arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h

@@ -72,6 +72,19 @@
 #define FIXADDR_SIZE     PGDIR_SIZE
 #endif
 #define FIXADDR_START    (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_SIZE)
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define XIP_OFFSET		SZ_8M
+#define XIP_FIXUP(addr) ({							\
+	uintptr_t __a = (uintptr_t)(addr);					\
+	(__a >= CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR && __a < CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR + SZ_16M) ?	\
+		__a - CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR + CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE - XIP_OFFSET :\
+		__a;								\
+	})
+#else
+#define XIP_FIXUP(addr)		(addr)
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 #endif
 
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
@@ -507,8 +520,16 @@ static inline int ptep_clear_flush_young(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 #define kern_addr_valid(addr)   (1) /* FIXME */
 
 extern char _start[];
-extern void *dtb_early_va;
-extern uintptr_t dtb_early_pa;
+extern void *_dtb_early_va;
+extern uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa;
+#if defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
+#define dtb_early_va	(*(void **)XIP_FIXUP(&_dtb_early_va))
+#define dtb_early_pa	(*(uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&_dtb_early_pa))
+#else
+#define dtb_early_va	_dtb_early_va
+#define dtb_early_pa	_dtb_early_pa
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 void setup_bootmem(void);
 void paging_init(void);
 void misc_mem_init(void);

arch/riscv/kernel/head.S

@@ -9,11 +9,23 @@
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/csr.h>
 #include <asm/hwcap.h>
 #include <asm/image.h>
 #include "efi-header.S"
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+.macro XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET reg
+	REG_L t0, _xip_fixup
+	add \reg, \reg, t0
+.endm
+_xip_fixup: .dword CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE - CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR - XIP_OFFSET
+#else
+.macro XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET reg
+.endm
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 __HEAD
 ENTRY(_start)
 	/*
@@ -70,6 +82,7 @@ pe_head_start:
 relocate:
 	/* Relocate return address */
 	la a1, kernel_virt_addr
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
 	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
 	la a2, _start
 	sub a1, a1, a2
@@ -92,6 +105,7 @@ relocate:
 	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
 	 */
 	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
 	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
 	or a0, a0, a1
 	sfence.vma
@@ -145,7 +159,9 @@ secondary_start_sbi:
 
 	slli a3, a0, LGREG
 	la a4, __cpu_up_stack_pointer
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a4
 	la a5, __cpu_up_task_pointer
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a5
 	add a4, a3, a4
 	add a5, a3, a5
 	REG_L sp, (a4)
@@ -157,6 +173,7 @@ secondary_start_common:
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
 	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
 	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
 	call relocate
 #endif
 	call setup_trap_vector
@@ -237,12 +254,33 @@ pmp_done:
 .Lgood_cores:
 #endif
 
+#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
 	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
 	la a3, hart_lottery
 	li a2, 1
 	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
 	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
 
+#else
+	/* hart_lottery in flash contains a magic number */
+	la a3, hart_lottery
+	mv a2, a3
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
+	lw t1, (a3)
+	amoswap.w t0, t1, (a2)
+	/* first time here if hart_lottery in RAM is not set */
+	beq t0, t1, .Lsecondary_start
+
+	la sp, _end + THREAD_SIZE
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
+	mv s0, a0
+	call __copy_data
+
+	/* Restore a0 copy */
+	mv a0, s0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
 	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
 	la a3, __bss_start
 	la a4, __bss_stop
@@ -252,15 +290,18 @@ clear_bss:
 	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
 	blt a3, a4, clear_bss
 clear_bss_done:
-
+#endif
 	/* Save hart ID and DTB physical address */
 	mv s0, a0
 	mv s1, a1
+
 	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
 	REG_S a0, (a2)
 
 	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
 	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
 #ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
 	la a0, __dtb_start
 #else
@@ -269,6 +310,7 @@ clear_bss_done:
 	call setup_vm
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
 	la a0, early_pg_dir
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
 	call relocate
 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
 
@@ -293,7 +335,9 @@ clear_bss_done:
 
 	slli a3, a0, LGREG
 	la a1, __cpu_up_stack_pointer
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
 	la a2, __cpu_up_task_pointer
+	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
 	add a1, a3, a1
 	add a2, a3, a2
 

arch/riscv/kernel/head.h

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ extern atomic_t hart_lottery;
 
 asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs);
 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa);
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void);
+#endif
 
 extern void *__cpu_up_stack_pointer[];
 extern void *__cpu_up_task_pointer[];

arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include <asm/cpu_ops.h>
 #include <asm/early_ioremap.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/setup.h>
 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
 #include <asm/sections.h>
@@ -51,7 +52,11 @@ struct screen_info screen_info __section(".data") = {
  * This is used before the kernel initializes the BSS so it can't be in the
  * BSS.
  */
-atomic_t hart_lottery __section(".sdata");
+atomic_t hart_lottery __section(".sdata")
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+= ATOMIC_INIT(0xC001BEEF)
+#endif
+;
 unsigned long boot_cpu_hartid;
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu, cpu_devices);
 
@@ -276,7 +281,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB)
 	unflatten_and_copy_device_tree();
 #else
-	if (early_init_dt_verify(__va(dtb_early_pa)))
+	if (early_init_dt_verify(__va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_early_pa))))
 		unflatten_device_tree();
 	else
 		pr_err("No DTB found in kernel mappings\n");
@@ -288,7 +293,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX)) {
 		protect_kernel_text_data();
-#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
+#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_MMU) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
 		protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata();
 #endif
 	}

arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S

+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 SiFive
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Vitaly Wool, Konsulko AB
+ */
+
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#define LOAD_OFFSET KERNEL_LINK_ADDR
+/* No __ro_after_init data in the .rodata section - which will always be ro */
+#define RO_AFTER_INIT_DATA
+
+#include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/cache.h>
+#include <asm/thread_info.h>
+
+OUTPUT_ARCH(riscv)
+ENTRY(_start)
+
+jiffies = jiffies_64;
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+	/* Beginning of code and text segment */
+	. = LOAD_OFFSET;
+	_xiprom = .;
+	_start = .;
+	HEAD_TEXT_SECTION
+	INIT_TEXT_SECTION(PAGE_SIZE)
+	/* we have to discard exit text and such at runtime, not link time */
+	.exit.text :
+	{
+		EXIT_TEXT
+	}
+
+	.text : {
+		_text = .;
+		_stext = .;
+		TEXT_TEXT
+		SCHED_TEXT
+		CPUIDLE_TEXT
+		LOCK_TEXT
+		KPROBES_TEXT
+		ENTRY_TEXT
+		IRQENTRY_TEXT
+		SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
+		*(.fixup)
+		_etext = .;
+	}
+	RO_DATA(L1_CACHE_BYTES)
+	.srodata : {
+		*(.srodata*)
+	}
+	.init.rodata : {
+		INIT_SETUP(16)
+		INIT_CALLS
+		CON_INITCALL
+		INIT_RAM_FS
+	}
+	_exiprom = .;			/* End of XIP ROM area */
+
+
+/*
+ * From this point, stuff is considered writable and will be copied to RAM
+ */
+	__data_loc = ALIGN(16);		/* location in file */
+	. = LOAD_OFFSET + XIP_OFFSET;	/* location in memory */
+
+	_sdata = .;			/* Start of data section */
+	_data = .;
+	RW_DATA(L1_CACHE_BYTES, PAGE_SIZE, THREAD_SIZE)
+	_edata = .;
+	__start_ro_after_init = .;
+	.data.ro_after_init : AT(ADDR(.data.ro_after_init) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+		*(.data..ro_after_init)
+	}
+	__end_ro_after_init = .;
+
+	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+	__init_begin = .;
+	.init.data : {
+		INIT_DATA
+	}
+	.exit.data : {
+		EXIT_DATA
+	}
+	. = ALIGN(8);
+	__soc_early_init_table : {
+		__soc_early_init_table_start = .;
+		KEEP(*(__soc_early_init_table))
+		__soc_early_init_table_end = .;
+	}
+	__soc_builtin_dtb_table : {
+		__soc_builtin_dtb_table_start = .;
+		KEEP(*(__soc_builtin_dtb_table))
+		__soc_builtin_dtb_table_end = .;
+	}
+	PERCPU_SECTION(L1_CACHE_BYTES)
+
+	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+	__init_end = .;
+
+	.sdata : {
+		__global_pointer$ = . + 0x800;
+		*(.sdata*)
+		*(.sbss*)
+	}
+
+	BSS_SECTION(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0)
+	EXCEPTION_TABLE(0x10)
+
+	.rel.dyn : AT(ADDR(.rel.dyn) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
+		*(.rel.dyn*)
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * End of copied data. We need a dummy section to get its LMA.
+	 * Also located before final ALIGN() as trailing padding is not stored
+	 * in the resulting binary file and useless to copy.
+	 */
+	.data.endmark : AT(ADDR(.data.endmark) - LOAD_OFFSET) { }
+	_edata_loc = LOADADDR(.data.endmark);
+
+	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
+	_end = .;
+
+	STABS_DEBUG
+	DWARF_DEBUG
+
+	DISCARDS
+}

arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S

@@ -4,8 +4,13 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2017 SiFive
  */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#include "vmlinux-xip.lds.S"
+#else
+
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #define LOAD_OFFSET KERNEL_LINK_ADDR
+
 #include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
 #include <asm/page.h>
 #include <asm/cache.h>
@@ -140,3 +145,4 @@ SECTIONS
 
 	DISCARDS
 }
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */

arch/riscv/mm/init.c

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@
 
 unsigned long kernel_virt_addr = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_virt_addr);
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define kernel_virt_addr       (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&kernel_virt_addr)))
+#endif
 
 unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
 							__page_aligned_bss;
@@ -38,8 +41,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
 
 extern char _start[];
 #define DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA      PGDIR_SIZE
-void *dtb_early_va __initdata;
-uintptr_t dtb_early_pa __initdata;
+void *_dtb_early_va __initdata;
+uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa __initdata;
 
 struct pt_alloc_ops {
 	pte_t *(*get_pte_virt)(phys_addr_t pa);
@@ -124,6 +127,10 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
 	phys_addr_t dram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
 	phys_addr_t max_mapped_addr = __pa(~(ulong)0);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+	vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_sdata);
+#endif
+
 	/* The maximal physical memory size is -PAGE_OFFSET. */
 	memblock_enforce_memory_limit(-PAGE_OFFSET);
 
@@ -165,17 +172,41 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
 	memblock_allow_resize();
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+
+extern char _xiprom[], _exiprom[];
+extern char _sdata[], _edata[];
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
-static struct pt_alloc_ops pt_ops __ro_after_init;
+static struct pt_alloc_ops _pt_ops __ro_after_init;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define pt_ops (*(struct pt_alloc_ops *)XIP_FIXUP(&_pt_ops))
+#else
+#define pt_ops _pt_ops
+#endif
 
 /* Offset between linear mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
 unsigned long va_pa_offset __ro_after_init;
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_pa_offset);
-#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define va_pa_offset   (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_pa_offset)))
+#endif
 /* Offset between kernel mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
 unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_kernel_pa_offset);
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define va_kernel_pa_offset    (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_kernel_pa_offset)))
+#endif
+unsigned long va_kernel_xip_pa_offset;
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_kernel_xip_pa_offset);
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define va_kernel_xip_pa_offset        (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_kernel_xip_pa_offset)))
+#endif
 unsigned long pfn_base __ro_after_init;
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_base);
 
@@ -185,6 +216,12 @@ pte_t fixmap_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
 
 pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define trampoline_pg_dir      ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pg_dir))
+#define fixmap_pte             ((pte_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pte))
+#define early_pg_dir           ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pg_dir))
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 void __set_fixmap(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
 {
 	unsigned long addr = __fix_to_virt(idx);
@@ -260,6 +297,12 @@ pmd_t fixmap_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
 pmd_t early_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
 pmd_t early_dtb_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define trampoline_pmd ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pmd))
+#define fixmap_pmd     ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pmd))
+#define early_pmd      ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pmd))
+#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
+
 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
 {
 	/* Before MMU is enabled */
@@ -376,6 +419,19 @@ static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
 	return PMD_SIZE;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+/* called from head.S with MMU off */
+asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void)
+{
+	void *from = (void *)(&_sdata);
+	void *end = (void *)(&_end);
+	void *to = (void *)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
+	size_t sz = (size_t)(end - from + 1);
+
+	memcpy(to, from, sz);
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * setup_vm() is called from head.S with MMU-off.
  *
@@ -395,7 +451,35 @@ static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
 #endif
 
 uintptr_t load_pa, load_sz;
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+#define load_pa        (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&load_pa)))
+#define load_sz        (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&load_sz)))
+#endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+uintptr_t xiprom, xiprom_sz;
+#define xiprom_sz      (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&xiprom_sz)))
+#define xiprom         (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&xiprom)))
+
+static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
+{
+	uintptr_t va, end_va;
+
+	/* Map the flash resident part */
+	end_va = kernel_virt_addr + xiprom_sz;
+	for (va = kernel_virt_addr; va < end_va; va += map_size)
+		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
+				   xiprom + (va - kernel_virt_addr),
+				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+
+	/* Map the data in RAM */
+	end_va = kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET + load_sz;
+	for (va = kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += map_size)
+		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
+				   load_pa + (va - (kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET)),
+				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL);
+}
+#else
 static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
 {
 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
@@ -406,16 +490,28 @@ static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
 				   load_pa + (va - kernel_virt_addr),
 				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
 }
+#endif
 
 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
 {
-	uintptr_t pa;
+	uintptr_t __maybe_unused pa;
 	uintptr_t map_size;
 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
 	pmd_t fix_bmap_spmd, fix_bmap_epmd;
 #endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+	xiprom = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR;
+	xiprom_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_exiprom) - (uintptr_t)(&_xiprom);
+
+	load_pa = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
+	load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata);
+
+	va_kernel_xip_pa_offset = kernel_virt_addr - xiprom;
+#else
 	load_pa = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
 	load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - load_pa;
+#endif
 
 	va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - load_pa;
 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
@@ -451,8 +547,13 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
 	/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
 			   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
+#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
+	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_virt_addr,
+			   xiprom, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+#else
 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_virt_addr,
 			   load_pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+#endif
 #else
 	/* Setup trampoline PGD */
 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
@@ -485,7 +586,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
 	 * whereas dtb_early_va will be used before setup_vm_final installs
 	 * the linear mapping.
 	 */
-	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
+	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_pa));
 #else
 	dtb_early_va = __va(dtb_pa);
 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */
@@ -501,7 +602,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
 	dtb_early_va = (void *)DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + (dtb_pa & (PGDIR_SIZE - 1));
 #else /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
-	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
+	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_pa));
 #else
 	dtb_early_va = __va(dtb_pa);
 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */
@@ -540,7 +641,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
 #endif
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
 void protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata(void)
 {
 	unsigned long text_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(_start);