tools: bpftool: add support for reporting the effective cgroup progs

Takshak said in the original submission:

With different bpf attach_flags available to attach bpf programs specially
with BPF_F_ALLOW_OVERRIDE and BPF_F_ALLOW_MULTI, the list of effective
bpf-programs available to any sub-cgroups really needs to be available for
easy debugging.

Using BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE flag, one can get the list of not only attached
bpf-programs to a cgroup but also the inherited ones from parent cgroup.

So a new option is introduced to use BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE query flag here
to list all the effective bpf-programs available for execution at a specified
cgroup.

Reused modified test program test_cgroup_attach from tools/testing/selftests/bpf:
  # ./test_cgroup_attach

With old bpftool:

 # bpftool cgroup show /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup-test-work-dir/cg1/
  ID       AttachType      AttachFlags     Name
  271      egress          multi           pkt_cntr_1
  272      egress          multi           pkt_cntr_2

Attached new program pkt_cntr_4 in cg2 gives following:

 # bpftool cgroup show /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup-test-work-dir/cg1/cg2
  ID       AttachType      AttachFlags     Name
  273      egress          override        pkt_cntr_4

And with new "effective" option it shows all effective programs for cg2:

 # bpftool cgroup show /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup-test-work-dir/cg1/cg2 effective
  ID       AttachType      AttachFlags     Name
  273      egress          override        pkt_cntr_4
  271      egress          override        pkt_cntr_1
  272      egress          override        pkt_cntr_2

Compared to original submission use a local flag instead of global
option.

We need to clear query_flags on every command, in case batch mode
wants to use varying settings.

v2: (Takshak)
 - forbid duplicated flags;
 - fix cgroup path freeing.
Signed-off-by: Takshak Chahande <ctakshak@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Quentin Monnet <quentin.monnet@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Takshak Chahande <ctakshak@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

tools/bpf/bpftool/Documentation/bpftool-cgroup.rst

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 CGROUP COMMANDS
 ===============
 
-|	**bpftool** **cgroup { show | list }** *CGROUP*
-|	**bpftool** **cgroup tree** [*CGROUP_ROOT*]
+|	**bpftool** **cgroup { show | list }** *CGROUP* [**effective**]
+|	**bpftool** **cgroup tree** [*CGROUP_ROOT*] [**effective**]
 |	**bpftool** **cgroup attach** *CGROUP* *ATTACH_TYPE* *PROG* [*ATTACH_FLAGS*]
 |	**bpftool** **cgroup detach** *CGROUP* *ATTACH_TYPE* *PROG*
 |	**bpftool** **cgroup help**
@@ -35,13 +35,17 @@ CGROUP COMMANDS
 
 DESCRIPTION
 ===========
-	**bpftool cgroup { show | list }** *CGROUP*
+	**bpftool cgroup { show | list }** *CGROUP* [**effective**]
 		  List all programs attached to the cgroup *CGROUP*.
 
 		  Output will start with program ID followed by attach type,
 		  attach flags and program name.
 
-	**bpftool cgroup tree** [*CGROUP_ROOT*]
+		  If **effective** is specified retrieve effective programs that
+		  will execute for events within a cgroup. This includes
+		  inherited along with attached ones.
+
+	**bpftool cgroup tree** [*CGROUP_ROOT*] [**effective**]
 		  Iterate over all cgroups in *CGROUP_ROOT* and list all
 		  attached programs. If *CGROUP_ROOT* is not specified,
 		  bpftool uses cgroup v2 mountpoint.
@@ -50,6 +54,10 @@ DESCRIPTION
 		  commands: it starts with absolute cgroup path, followed by
 		  program ID, attach type, attach flags and program name.
 
+		  If **effective** is specified retrieve effective programs that
+		  will execute for events within a cgroup. This includes
+		  inherited along with attached ones.
+
 	**bpftool cgroup attach** *CGROUP* *ATTACH_TYPE* *PROG* [*ATTACH_FLAGS*]
 		  Attach program *PROG* to the cgroup *CGROUP* with attach type
 		  *ATTACH_TYPE* and optional *ATTACH_FLAGS*.

tools/bpf/bpftool/bash-completion/bpftool

@@ -710,12 +710,15 @@ _bpftool()
             ;;
         cgroup)
             case $command in
-                show|list)
+                show|list|tree)
+                    case $cword in
+                        3)
                             _filedir
-                    return 0
                             ;;
-                tree)
-                    _filedir
+                        4)
+                            COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W 'effective' -- "$cur" ) )
+                            ;;
+                    esac
                     return 0
                     ;;
                 attach|detach)

tools/bpf/bpftool/cgroup.c

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 	"                        recvmsg4 | recvmsg6 | sysctl |\n"	       \
 	"                        getsockopt | setsockopt }"
 
+static unsigned int query_flags;
+
 static const char * const attach_type_strings[] = {
 	[BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS] = "ingress",
 	[BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS] = "egress",
@@ -107,7 +109,8 @@ static int count_attached_bpf_progs(int cgroup_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type)
 	__u32 prog_cnt = 0;
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = bpf_prog_query(cgroup_fd, type, 0, NULL, NULL, &prog_cnt);
+	ret = bpf_prog_query(cgroup_fd, type, query_flags, NULL,
+			     NULL, &prog_cnt);
 	if (ret)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -125,8 +128,8 @@ static int show_attached_bpf_progs(int cgroup_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type,
 	int ret;
 
 	prog_cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(prog_ids);
-	ret = bpf_prog_query(cgroup_fd, type, 0, &attach_flags, prog_ids,
-			     &prog_cnt);
+	ret = bpf_prog_query(cgroup_fd, type, query_flags, &attach_flags,
+			     prog_ids, &prog_cnt);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
@@ -158,20 +161,34 @@ static int show_attached_bpf_progs(int cgroup_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type,
 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	enum bpf_attach_type type;
+	const char *path;
 	int cgroup_fd;
 	int ret = -1;
 
-	if (argc < 1) {
-		p_err("too few parameters for cgroup show");
-		goto exit;
-	} else if (argc > 1) {
-		p_err("too many parameters for cgroup show");
-		goto exit;
+	query_flags = 0;
+
+	if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
+		return -1;
+	path = GET_ARG();
+
+	while (argc) {
+		if (is_prefix(*argv, "effective")) {
+			if (query_flags & BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE) {
+				p_err("duplicated argument: %s", *argv);
+				return -1;
+			}
+			query_flags |= BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE;
+			NEXT_ARG();
+		} else {
+			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'effective', got: '%s'?",
+			      *argv);
+			return -1;
+		}
 	}
 
-	cgroup_fd = open(argv[0], O_RDONLY);
+	cgroup_fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (cgroup_fd < 0) {
-		p_err("can't open cgroup %s", argv[0]);
+		p_err("can't open cgroup %s", path);
 		goto exit;
 	}
 
@@ -294,25 +311,36 @@ static char *find_cgroup_root(void)
 
 static int do_show_tree(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	char *cgroup_root;
+	char *cgroup_root, *cgroup_alloced = NULL;
 	int ret;
 
-	switch (argc) {
-	case 0:
-		cgroup_root = find_cgroup_root();
-		if (!cgroup_root) {
+	query_flags = 0;
+
+	if (!argc) {
+		cgroup_alloced = find_cgroup_root();
+		if (!cgroup_alloced) {
 			p_err("cgroup v2 isn't mounted");
 			return -1;
 		}
-		break;
-	case 1:
-		cgroup_root = argv[0];
-		break;
-	default:
-		p_err("too many parameters for cgroup tree");
+		cgroup_root = cgroup_alloced;
+	} else {
+		cgroup_root = GET_ARG();
+
+		while (argc) {
+			if (is_prefix(*argv, "effective")) {
+				if (query_flags & BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE) {
+					p_err("duplicated argument: %s", *argv);
 					return -1;
 				}
-
+				query_flags |= BPF_F_QUERY_EFFECTIVE;
+				NEXT_ARG();
+			} else {
+				p_err("expected no more arguments, 'effective', got: '%s'?",
+				      *argv);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	if (json_output)
 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
@@ -338,8 +366,7 @@ static int do_show_tree(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (json_output)
 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
 
-	if (argc == 0)
-		free(cgroup_root);
+	free(cgroup_alloced);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -459,8 +486,8 @@ static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	fprintf(stderr,
-		"Usage: %s %s { show | list } CGROUP\n"
-		"       %s %s tree [CGROUP_ROOT]\n"
+		"Usage: %s %s { show | list } CGROUP [**effective**]\n"
+		"       %s %s tree [CGROUP_ROOT] [**effective**]\n"
 		"       %s %s attach CGROUP ATTACH_TYPE PROG [ATTACH_FLAGS]\n"
 		"       %s %s detach CGROUP ATTACH_TYPE PROG\n"
 		"       %s %s help\n"