tcp: temporarily disable Fast Open on SYN timeout

Fast Open currently has a fall back feature to address SYN-data being
dropped but it requires the middle-box to pass on regular SYN retry
after SYN-data. This is implemented in commit aab48743 ("net-tcp:
Fast Open client - detecting SYN-data drops")

However some NAT boxes will drop all subsequent packets after first
SYN-data and blackholes the entire connections.  An example is in
commit 356d7d88 "netfilter: nf_conntrack: fix tcp_in_window for Fast
Open".

The sender should note such incidents and fall back to use the regular
TCP handshake on subsequent attempts temporarily as well: after the
second SYN timeouts the original Fast Open SYN is most likely lost.
When such an event recurs Fast Open is disabled based on the number of
recurrences exponentially.
Signed-off-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

net/ipv4/tcp_metrics.c

@@ -671,8 +671,9 @@ void tcp_fastopen_cache_set(struct sock *sk, u16 mss,
 		struct tcp_fastopen_metrics *tfom = &tm->tcpm_fastopen;
 
 		write_seqlock_bh(&fastopen_seqlock);
+		if (mss)
 			tfom->mss = mss;
-		if (cookie->len > 0)
+		if (cookie && cookie->len > 0)
 			tfom->cookie = *cookie;
 		if (syn_lost) {
 			++tfom->syn_loss;

net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c

@@ -156,12 +156,16 @@ static bool retransmits_timed_out(struct sock *sk,
 static int tcp_write_timeout(struct sock *sk)
 {
 	struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
+	struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 	int retry_until;
 	bool do_reset, syn_set = false;
 
 	if ((1 << sk->sk_state) & (TCPF_SYN_SENT | TCPF_SYN_RECV)) {
-		if (icsk->icsk_retransmits)
+		if (icsk->icsk_retransmits) {
 			dst_negative_advice(sk);
+			if (tp->syn_fastopen || tp->syn_data)
+				tcp_fastopen_cache_set(sk, 0, NULL, true);
+		}
 		retry_until = icsk->icsk_syn_retries ? : sysctl_tcp_syn_retries;
 		syn_set = true;
 	} else {