fix d_walk()/non-delayed __d_free() race

commit 3d56c25e upstream.

Ascend-to-parent logics in d_walk() depends on all encountered child
dentries not getting freed without an RCU delay.  Unfortunately, in
quite a few cases it is not true, with hard-to-hit oopsable race as
the result.

Fortunately, the fix is simiple; right now the rule is "if it ever
been hashed, freeing must be delayed" and changing it to "if it
ever had a parent, freeing must be delayed" closes that hole and
covers all cases the old rule used to cover.  Moreover, pipes and
sockets remain _not_ covered, so we do not introduce RCU delay in
the cases which are the reason for having that delay conditional
in the first place.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
[bwh: Backported to 3.16:
 - Adjust context
 - Also set the flag in __d_materialise_dentry())]
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>

fs/dcache.c

@@ -1502,7 +1502,7 @@ struct dentry *d_alloc(struct dentry * parent, const struct qstr *name)
 	struct dentry *dentry = __d_alloc(parent->d_sb, name);
 	if (!dentry)
 		return NULL;
-
+	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_RCUACCESS;
 	spin_lock(&parent->d_lock);
 	/*
 	 * don't need child lock because it is not subject
@@ -2354,7 +2354,6 @@ static void __d_rehash(struct dentry * entry, struct hlist_bl_head *b)
 {
 	BUG_ON(!d_unhashed(entry));
 	hlist_bl_lock(b);
-	entry->d_flags |= DCACHE_RCUACCESS;
 	hlist_bl_add_head_rcu(&entry->d_hash, b);
 	hlist_bl_unlock(b);
 }
@@ -2560,6 +2559,7 @@ static void __d_move(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *target,
 
 	/* ... and switch the parents */
 	if (IS_ROOT(dentry)) {
+		dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_RCUACCESS;
 		dentry->d_parent = target->d_parent;
 		target->d_parent = target;
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&target->d_child);
@@ -2696,6 +2696,7 @@ static void __d_materialise_dentry(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *anon)
 
 	switch_names(dentry, anon, false);
 
+	dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_RCUACCESS;
 	dentry->d_parent = dentry;
 	list_del_init(&dentry->d_child);
 	anon->d_parent = dparent;