- 06 Apr, 2021 2 commits
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Sean Christopherson authored
The kernel will currently disable all SGX support if the hardware does not support launch control. Make it more permissive to allow SGX virtualization on systems without Launch Control support. This will allow KVM to expose SGX to guests that have less-strict requirements on the availability of flexible launch control. Improve error message to distinguish between three cases. There are two cases where SGX support is completely disabled: 1) SGX has been disabled completely by the BIOS 2) SGX LC is locked by the BIOS. Bare-metal support is disabled because of LC unavailability. SGX virtualization is unavailable (because of Kconfig). One where it is partially available: 3) SGX LC is locked by the BIOS. Bare-metal support is disabled because of LC unavailability. SGX virtualization is supported. Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com> Co-developed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/b3329777076509b3b601550da288c8f3c406a865.1616136308.git.kai.huang@intel.com
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Sean Christopherson authored
Add a misc device /dev/sgx_vepc to allow userspace to allocate "raw" Enclave Page Cache (EPC) without an associated enclave. The intended and only known use case for raw EPC allocation is to expose EPC to a KVM guest, hence the 'vepc' moniker, virt.{c,h} files and X86_SGX_KVM Kconfig. The SGX driver uses the misc device /dev/sgx_enclave to support userspace in creating an enclave. Each file descriptor returned from opening /dev/sgx_enclave represents an enclave. Unlike the SGX driver, KVM doesn't control how the guest uses the EPC, therefore EPC allocated to a KVM guest is not associated with an enclave, and /dev/sgx_enclave is not suitable for allocating EPC for a KVM guest. Having separate device nodes for the SGX driver and KVM virtual EPC also allows separate permission control for running host SGX enclaves and KVM SGX guests. To use /dev/sgx_vepc to allocate a virtual EPC instance with particular size, the hypervisor opens /dev/sgx_vepc, and uses mmap() with the intended size to get an address range of virtual EPC. Then it may use the address range to create one KVM memory slot as virtual EPC for a guest. Implement the "raw" EPC allocation in the x86 core-SGX subsystem via /dev/sgx_vepc rather than in KVM. Doing so has two major advantages: - Does not require changes to KVM's uAPI, e.g. EPC gets handled as just another memory backend for guests. - EPC management is wholly contained in the SGX subsystem, e.g. SGX does not have to export any symbols, changes to reclaim flows don't need to be routed through KVM, SGX's dirty laundry doesn't have to get aired out for the world to see, and so on and so forth. The virtual EPC pages allocated to guests are currently not reclaimable. Reclaiming an EPC page used by enclave requires a special reclaim mechanism separate from normal page reclaim, and that mechanism is not supported for virutal EPC pages. Due to the complications of handling reclaim conflicts between guest and host, reclaiming virtual EPC pages is significantly more complex than basic support for SGX virtualization. [ bp: - Massage commit message and comments - use cpu_feature_enabled() - vertically align struct members init - massage Virtual EPC clarification text - move Kconfig prompt to Virtualization ] Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com> Co-developed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Acked-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/0c38ced8c8e5a69872db4d6a1c0dabd01e07cad7.1616136308.git.kai.huang@intel.com
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- 26 Mar, 2021 2 commits
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Sean Christopherson authored
SGX driver can accurately track how enclave pages are used. This enables SECS to be specifically targeted and EREMOVE'd only after all child pages have been EREMOVE'd. This ensures that SGX driver will never encounter SGX_CHILD_PRESENT in normal operation. Virtual EPC is different. The host does not track how EPC pages are used by the guest, so it cannot guarantee EREMOVE success. It might, for instance, encounter a SECS with a non-zero child count. Add a definition of SGX_CHILD_PRESENT. It will be used exclusively by the SGX virtualization driver to handle recoverable EREMOVE errors when saniziting EPC pages after they are freed. Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Acked-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/050b198e882afde7e6eba8e6a0d4da39161dbb5a.1616136308.git.kai.huang@intel.com
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Kai Huang authored
EREMOVE takes a page and removes any association between that page and an enclave. It must be run on a page before it can be added into another enclave. Currently, EREMOVE is run as part of pages being freed into the SGX page allocator. It is not expected to fail, as it would indicate a use-after-free of EPC pages. Rather than add the page back to the pool of available EPC pages, the kernel intentionally leaks the page to avoid additional errors in the future. However, KVM does not track how guest pages are used, which means that SGX virtualization use of EREMOVE might fail. Specifically, it is legitimate that EREMOVE returns SGX_CHILD_PRESENT for EPC assigned to KVM guest, because KVM/kernel doesn't track SECS pages. To allow SGX/KVM to introduce a more permissive EREMOVE helper and to let the SGX virtualization code use the allocator directly, break out the EREMOVE call from the SGX page allocator. Rename the original sgx_free_epc_page() to sgx_encl_free_epc_page(), indicating that it is used to free an EPC page assigned to a host enclave. Replace sgx_free_epc_page() with sgx_encl_free_epc_page() in all call sites so there's no functional change. At the same time, improve the error message when EREMOVE fails, and add documentation to explain to the user what that failure means and to suggest to the user what to do when this bug happens in the case it happens. [ bp: Massage commit message, fix typos and sanitize text, simplify. ] Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210325093057.122834-1-kai.huang@intel.com
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- 25 Mar, 2021 3 commits
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Sean Christopherson authored
Add SGX1 and SGX2 feature flags, via CPUID.0x12.0x0.EAX, as scattered features, since adding a new leaf for only two bits would be wasteful. As part of virtualizing SGX, KVM will expose the SGX CPUID leafs to its guest, and to do so correctly needs to query hardware and kernel support for SGX1 and SGX2. Suppress both SGX1 and SGX2 from /proc/cpuinfo. SGX1 basically means SGX, and for SGX2 there is no concrete use case of using it in /proc/cpuinfo. Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Acked-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/d787827dbfca6b3210ac3e432e3ac1202727e786.1616136308.git.kai.huang@intel.com
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Kai Huang authored
Move SGX_LC feature bit to CPUID dependency table to make clearing all SGX feature bits easier. Also remove clear_sgx_caps() since it is just a wrapper of setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_SGX) now. Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Acked-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/5d4220fd0a39f52af024d3fa166231c1d498dd10.1616136308.git.kai.huang@intel.com
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Ira Weiny authored
kmap() is inefficient and is being replaced by kmap_local_page(), if possible. There is no readily apparent reason why initp_page needs to be allocated and kmap'ed() except that 'sigstruct' needs to be page-aligned and 'token' 512 byte-aligned. Rather than change it to kmap_local_page(), use kmalloc() instead because kmalloc() can give this alignment when allocating PAGE_SIZE bytes. Remove the alloc_page()/kmap() and replace with kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, ...) to get a page aligned kernel address. In addition, add a comment to document the alignment requirements so that others don't attempt to 'fix' this again. [ bp: Massage commit message. ] Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210324182246.2484875-1-ira.weiny@intel.com
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- 24 Mar, 2021 1 commit
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Tianjia Zhang authored
Use the library function getauxval() instead of a custom function to get the base address of the vDSO. [ bp: Massage commit message. ] Signed-off-by: Tianjia Zhang <tianjia.zhang@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Acked-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210314111621.68428-1-tianjia.zhang@linux.alibaba.com
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- 19 Mar, 2021 2 commits
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Dave Hansen authored
The SGX device file (/dev/sgx_enclave) is unusual in that it requires execute permissions. It has to be both "chmod +x" *and* be on a filesystem without 'noexec'. In the future, udev and systemd should get updates to set up systems automatically. But, for now, nobody's systems do this automatically, and everybody gets error messages like this when running ./test_sgx: 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000002000 0x03 0x0000000000002000 0x0000000000001000 0x05 0x0000000000003000 0x0000000000003000 0x03 mmap() failed, errno=1. That isn't very user friendly, even for forgetful kernel developers. Further, the test case is rather haphazard about its use of fprintf() versus perror(). Improve the error messages. Use perror() where possible. Lastly, do some sanity checks on opening and mmap()ing the device file so that we can get a decent error message out to the user. Now, if your user doesn't have permission, you'll get the following: $ ls -l /dev/sgx_enclave crw------- 1 root root 10, 126 Mar 18 11:29 /dev/sgx_enclave $ ./test_sgx Unable to open /dev/sgx_enclave: Permission denied If you then 'chown dave:dave /dev/sgx_enclave' (or whatever), but you leave execute permissions off, you'll get: $ ls -l /dev/sgx_enclave crw------- 1 dave dave 10, 126 Mar 18 11:29 /dev/sgx_enclave $ ./test_sgx no execute permissions on device file If you fix that with "chmod ug+x /dev/sgx" but you leave /dev as noexec, you'll get this: $ mount | grep "/dev .*noexec" udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,...) $ ./test_sgx ERROR: mmap for exec: Operation not permitted mmap() succeeded for PROT_READ, but failed for PROT_EXEC check that user has execute permissions on /dev/sgx_enclave and that /dev does not have noexec set: 'mount | grep "/dev .*noexec"' That can be fixed with: mount -o remount,noexec /devESC Hopefully, the combination of better error messages and the search engines indexing this message will help people fix their systems until we do this properly. [ bp: Improve error messages more. ] Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210318194301.11D9A984@viggo.jf.intel.com
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Jarkko Sakkinen authored
Background ========== SGX enclave memory is enumerated by the processor in contiguous physical ranges called Enclave Page Cache (EPC) sections. Currently, there is a free list per section, but allocations simply target the lowest-numbered sections. This is functional, but has no NUMA awareness. Fortunately, EPC sections are covered by entries in the ACPI SRAT table. These entries allow each EPC section to be associated with a NUMA node, just like normal RAM. Solution ======== Implement a NUMA-aware enclave page allocator. Mirror the buddy allocator and maintain a list of enclave pages for each NUMA node. Attempt to allocate enclave memory first from local nodes, then fall back to other nodes. Note that the fallback is not as sophisticated as the buddy allocator and is itself not aware of NUMA distances. When a node's free list is empty, it searches for the next-highest node with enclave pages (and will wrap if necessary). This could be improved in the future. Other ===== NUMA_KEEP_MEMINFO dependency is required for phys_to_target_node(). [ Kai Huang: Do not return NULL from __sgx_alloc_epc_page() because callers do not expect that and that leads to a NULL ptr deref. ] [ dhansen: Fix an uninitialized 'nid' variable in __sgx_alloc_epc_page() as Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> to avoid any potential allocations from the wrong NUMA node or even premature allocation failures. ] Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/158188326978.894464.217282995221175417.stgit@dwillia2-desk3.amr.corp.intel.com/ Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210319040602.178558-1-kai.huang@intel.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210318214933.29341-1-dave.hansen@intel.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210317235332.362001-2-jarkko.sakkinen@intel.com
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- 18 Mar, 2021 1 commit
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Jarkko Sakkinen authored
During normal runtime, the "ksgxd" daemon behaves like a version of kswapd just for SGX. But, before it starts acting like kswapd, its first job is to initialize enclave memory. Currently, the SGX boot code places each enclave page on a epc_section->init_laundry_list. Once it starts up, the ksgxd code walks over that list and populates the actual SGX page allocator. However, the per-section structures are going away to make way for the SGX NUMA allocator. There's also little need to have a per-section structure; the enclave pages are all treated identically, and they can be placed on the correct allocator list from metadata stored in the enclave page (struct sgx_epc_page) itself. Modify sgx_sanitize_section() to take a single page list instead of taking a section and deriving the list from there. Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210317235332.362001-1-jarkko.sakkinen@intel.com
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- 14 Mar, 2021 14 commits
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Linus Torvalds authored
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Alexey Dobriyan authored
Doing a prctl(PR_SET_MM, PR_SET_MM_AUXV, addr, 1); will copy 1 byte from userspace to (quite big) on-stack array and then stash everything to mm->saved_auxv. AT_NULL terminator will be inserted at the very end. /proc/*/auxv handler will find that AT_NULL terminator and copy original stack contents to userspace. This devious scheme requires CAP_SYS_RESOURCE. Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull irq fixes from Thomas Gleixner: "A set of irqchip updates: - Make the GENERIC_IRQ_MULTI_HANDLER configuration correct - Add a missing DT compatible string for the Ingenic driver - Remove the pointless debugfs_file pointer from struct irqdomain" * tag 'irq-urgent-2021-03-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: irqchip/ingenic: Add support for the JZ4760 dt-bindings/irq: Add compatible string for the JZ4760B irqchip: Do not blindly select CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_MULTI_HANDLER ARM: ep93xx: Select GENERIC_IRQ_MULTI_HANDLER directly irqdomain: Remove debugfs_file from struct irq_domain
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull timer fix from Thomas Gleixner: "A single fix in for hrtimers to prevent an interrupt storm caused by the lack of reevaluation of the timers which expire in softirq context under certain circumstances, e.g. when the clock was set" * tag 'timers-urgent-2021-03-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: hrtimer: Update softirq_expires_next correctly after __hrtimer_get_next_event()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull scheduler fixes from Thomas Gleixner: "A set of scheduler updates: - Prevent a NULL pointer dereference in the migration_stop_cpu() mechanims - Prevent self concurrency of affine_move_task() - Small fixes and cleanups related to task migration/affinity setting - Ensure that sync_runqueues_membarrier_state() is invoked on the current CPU when it is in the cpu mask" * tag 'sched-urgent-2021-03-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: sched/membarrier: fix missing local execution of ipi_sync_rq_state() sched: Simplify set_affinity_pending refcounts sched: Fix affine_move_task() self-concurrency sched: Optimize migration_cpu_stop() sched: Collate affine_move_task() stoppers sched: Simplify migration_cpu_stop() sched: Fix migration_cpu_stop() requeueing
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull objtool fix from Thomas Gleixner: "A single objtool fix to handle the PUSHF/POPF validation correctly for the paravirt changes which modified arch_local_irq_restore not to use popf" * tag 'objtool-urgent-2021-03-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: objtool,x86: Fix uaccess PUSHF/POPF validation
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull locking fixes from Thomas Gleixner: "A couple of locking fixes: - A fix for the static_call mechanism so it handles unaligned addresses correctly. - Make u64_stats_init() a macro so every instance gets a seperate lockdep key. - Make seqcount_latch_init() a macro as well to preserve the static variable which is used for the lockdep key" * tag 'locking-urgent-2021-03-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: seqlock,lockdep: Fix seqcount_latch_init() u64_stats,lockdep: Fix u64_stats_init() vs lockdep static_call: Fix the module key fixup
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull perf fixes from Borislav Petkov: - Make sure PMU internal buffers are flushed for per-CPU events too and properly handle PID/TID for large PEBS. - Handle the case properly when there's no PMU and therefore return an empty list of perf MSRs for VMX to switch instead of reading random garbage from the stack. * tag 'perf_urgent_for_v5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/perf: Use RET0 as default for guest_get_msrs to handle "no PMU" case perf/x86/intel: Set PERF_ATTACH_SCHED_CB for large PEBS and LBR perf/core: Flush PMU internal buffers for per-CPU events
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull EFI fix from Ard Biesheuvel via Borislav Petkov: "Fix an oversight in the handling of EFI_RT_PROPERTIES_TABLE, which was added v5.10, but failed to take the SetVirtualAddressMap() RT service into account" * tag 'efi-urgent-for-v5.12-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: efi: stub: omit SetVirtualAddressMap() if marked unsupported in RT_PROP table
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 fixes from Borislav Petkov: - A couple of SEV-ES fixes and robustifications: verify usermode stack pointer in NMI is not coming from the syscall gap, correctly track IRQ states in the #VC handler and access user insn bytes atomically in same handler as latter cannot sleep. - Balance 32-bit fast syscall exit path to do the proper work on exit and thus not confuse audit and ptrace frameworks. - Two fixes for the ORC unwinder going "off the rails" into KASAN redzones and when ORC data is missing. * tag 'x86_urgent_for_v5.12_rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/sev-es: Use __copy_from_user_inatomic() x86/sev-es: Correctly track IRQ states in runtime #VC handler x86/sev-es: Check regs->sp is trusted before adjusting #VC IST stack x86/sev-es: Introduce ip_within_syscall_gap() helper x86/entry: Fix entry/exit mismatch on failed fast 32-bit syscalls x86/unwind/orc: Silence warnings caused by missing ORC data x86/unwind/orc: Disable KASAN checking in the ORC unwinder, part 2
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linuxLinus Torvalds authored
Pull powerpc fixes from Michael Ellerman: "Some more powerpc fixes for 5.12: - Fix wrong instruction encoding for lis in ppc_function_entry(), which could potentially lead to missed kprobes. - Fix SET_FULL_REGS on 32-bit and 64e, which prevented ptrace of non-volatile GPRs immediately after exec. - Clean up a missed SRR specifier in the recent interrupt rework. - Don't treat unrecoverable_exception() as an interrupt handler, it's called from other handlers so shouldn't do the interrupt entry/exit accounting itself. - Fix build errors caused by missing declarations for [en/dis]able_kernel_vsx(). Thanks to Christophe Leroy, Daniel Axtens, Geert Uytterhoeven, Jiri Olsa, Naveen N. Rao, and Nicholas Piggin" * tag 'powerpc-5.12-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: powerpc/traps: unrecoverable_exception() is not an interrupt handler powerpc: Fix missing declaration of [en/dis]able_kernel_vsx() powerpc/64s/exception: Clean up a missed SRR specifier powerpc: Fix inverted SET_FULL_REGS bitop powerpc/64s: Use symbolic macros for function entry encoding powerpc/64s: Fix instruction encoding for lis in ppc_function_entry()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds authored
Pull KVM fixes from Paolo Bonzini: "More fixes for ARM and x86" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: KVM: LAPIC: Advancing the timer expiration on guest initiated write KVM: x86/mmu: Skip !MMU-present SPTEs when removing SP in exclusive mode KVM: kvmclock: Fix vCPUs > 64 can't be online/hotpluged kvm: x86: annotate RCU pointers KVM: arm64: Fix exclusive limit for IPA size KVM: arm64: Reject VM creation when the default IPA size is unsupported KVM: arm64: Ensure I-cache isolation between vcpus of a same VM KVM: arm64: Don't use cbz/adr with external symbols KVM: arm64: Fix range alignment when walking page tables KVM: arm64: Workaround firmware wrongly advertising GICv2-on-v3 compatibility KVM: arm64: Rename __vgic_v3_get_ich_vtr_el2() to __vgic_v3_get_gic_config() KVM: arm64: Don't access PMSELR_EL0/PMUSERENR_EL0 when no PMU is available KVM: arm64: Turn kvm_arm_support_pmu_v3() into a static key KVM: arm64: Fix nVHE hyp panic host context restore KVM: arm64: Avoid corrupting vCPU context register in guest exit KVM: arm64: nvhe: Save the SPE context early kvm: x86: use NULL instead of using plain integer as pointer KVM: SVM: Connect 'npt' module param to KVM's internal 'npt_enabled' KVM: x86: Ensure deadline timer has truly expired before posting its IRQ
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Linus Torvalds authored
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "28 patches. Subsystems affected by this series: mm (memblock, pagealloc, hugetlb, highmem, kfence, oom-kill, madvise, kasan, userfaultfd, memcg, and zram), core-kernel, kconfig, fork, binfmt, MAINTAINERS, kbuild, and ia64" * emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (28 commits) zram: fix broken page writeback zram: fix return value on writeback_store mm/memcg: set memcg when splitting page mm/memcg: rename mem_cgroup_split_huge_fixup to split_page_memcg and add nr_pages argument ia64: fix ptrace(PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT) sign ia64: fix ia64_syscall_get_set_arguments() for break-based syscalls mm/userfaultfd: fix memory corruption due to writeprotect kasan: fix KASAN_STACK dependency for HW_TAGS kasan, mm: fix crash with HW_TAGS and DEBUG_PAGEALLOC mm/madvise: replace ptrace attach requirement for process_madvise include/linux/sched/mm.h: use rcu_dereference in in_vfork() kfence: fix reports if constant function prefixes exist kfence, slab: fix cache_alloc_debugcheck_after() for bulk allocations kfence: fix printk format for ptrdiff_t linux/compiler-clang.h: define HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP* MAINTAINERS: exclude uapi directories in API/ABI section binfmt_misc: fix possible deadlock in bm_register_write mm/highmem.c: fix zero_user_segments() with start > end hugetlb: do early cow when page pinned on src mm mm: use is_cow_mapping() across tree where proper ...
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Merge tag 'irqchip-fixes-5.12-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/maz/arm-platforms into irq/urgent Pull irqchip fixes from Marc Zyngier: - More compatible strings for the Ingenic irqchip (introducing the JZ4760B SoC) - Select GENERIC_IRQ_MULTI_HANDLER on the ARM ep93xx platform - Drop all GENERIC_IRQ_MULTI_HANDLER selections from the irqchip Kconfig, now relying on the architecture to get it right - Drop the debugfs_file field from struct irq_domain, now that debugfs can track things on its own
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- 13 Mar, 2021 15 commits
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-miscLinus Torvalds authored
Pull char/misc driver fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small misc/char driver fixes to resolve some reported problems: - habanalabs driver fixes - Acrn build fixes (reported many times) - pvpanic module table export fix All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'char-misc-5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: misc/pvpanic: Export module FDT device table misc: fastrpc: restrict user apps from sending kernel RPC messages virt: acrn: Correct type casting of argument of copy_from_user() virt: acrn: Use EPOLLIN instead of POLLIN virt: acrn: Use vfs_poll() instead of f_op->poll() virt: acrn: Make remove_cpu sysfs invisible with !CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU cpu/hotplug: Fix build error of using {add,remove}_cpu() with !CONFIG_SMP habanalabs: fix debugfs address translation habanalabs: Disable file operations after device is removed habanalabs: Call put_pid() when releasing control device drivers: habanalabs: remove unused dentry pointer for debugfs files habanalabs: mark hl_eq_inc_ptr() as static
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/stagingLinus Torvalds authored
Pull staging driver fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small staging driver fixes for reported problems. They include: - wfx header file cleanup patch reverted as it could cause problems - comedi driver endian fixes - buffer overflow problems for staging wifi drivers - build dependency issue for rtl8192e driver All have been in linux-next for a while with no reported problems" * tag 'staging-5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging: (23 commits) Revert "staging: wfx: remove unused included header files" staging: rtl8188eu: prevent ->ssid overflow in rtw_wx_set_scan() staging: rtl8188eu: fix potential memory corruption in rtw_check_beacon_data() staging: rtl8192u: fix ->ssid overflow in r8192_wx_set_scan() staging: comedi: pcl726: Use 16-bit 0 for interrupt data staging: comedi: ni_65xx: Use 16-bit 0 for interrupt data staging: comedi: ni_6527: Use 16-bit 0 for interrupt data staging: comedi: comedi_parport: Use 16-bit 0 for interrupt data staging: comedi: amplc_pc236_common: Use 16-bit 0 for interrupt data staging: comedi: pcl818: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: pcl711: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: me4000: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: dmm32at: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: das800: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: das6402: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: adv_pci1710: Fix endian problem for AI command data staging: comedi: addi_apci_1500: Fix endian problem for command sample staging: comedi: addi_apci_1032: Fix endian problem for COS sample staging: ks7010: prevent buffer overflow in ks_wlan_set_scan() staging: rtl8712: Fix possible buffer overflow in r8712_sitesurvey_cmd ...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/ttyLinus Torvalds authored
Pull tty/serial fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small tty and serial driver fixes to resolve some reported problems: - led tty trigger fixes based on review and were acked by the led maintainer - revert a max310x serial driver patch as it was causing problems - revert a pty change as it was also causing problems All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported problems" * tag 'tty-5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: Revert "drivers:tty:pty: Fix a race causing data loss on close" Revert "serial: max310x: rework RX interrupt handling" leds: trigger/tty: Use led_set_brightness_sync() from workqueue leds: trigger: Fix error path to not unlock the unlocked mutex
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usbLinus Torvalds authored
Pull USB fixes from Greg KH: "Here are a small number of USB fixes for 5.12-rc3 to resolve a bunch of reported issues: - usbip fixups for issues found by syzbot - xhci driver fixes and quirk additions - gadget driver fixes - dwc3 QCOM driver fix - usb-serial new ids and fixes - usblp fix for a long-time issue - cdc-acm quirk addition - other tiny fixes for reported problems All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'usb-5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb: (25 commits) xhci: Fix repeated xhci wake after suspend due to uncleared internal wake state usb: xhci: Fix ASMedia ASM1042A and ASM3242 DMA addressing xhci: Improve detection of device initiated wake signal. usb: xhci: do not perform Soft Retry for some xHCI hosts usbip: fix vudc usbip_sockfd_store races leading to gpf usbip: fix vhci_hcd attach_store() races leading to gpf usbip: fix stub_dev usbip_sockfd_store() races leading to gpf usbip: fix vudc to check for stream socket usbip: fix vhci_hcd to check for stream socket usbip: fix stub_dev to check for stream socket usb: dwc3: qcom: Add missing DWC3 OF node refcount decrement USB: usblp: fix a hang in poll() if disconnected USB: gadget: udc: s3c2410_udc: fix return value check in s3c2410_udc_probe() usb: renesas_usbhs: Clear PIPECFG for re-enabling pipe with other EPNUM usb: dwc3: qcom: Honor wakeup enabled/disabled state usb: gadget: f_uac1: stop playback on function disable usb: gadget: f_uac2: always increase endpoint max_packet_size by one audio slot USB: gadget: u_ether: Fix a configfs return code usb: dwc3: qcom: add ACPI device id for sc8180x Goodix Fingerprint device is not a modem ...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xiang/erofsLinus Torvalds authored
Pull erofs fix from Gao Xiang: "Fix an urgent regression introduced by commit baa2c7c9 ("block: set .bi_max_vecs as actual allocated vector number"), which could cause unexpected hung since linux 5.12-rc1. Resolve it by avoiding using bio->bi_max_vecs completely" * tag 'erofs-for-5.12-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xiang/erofs: erofs: fix bio->bi_max_vecs behavior change
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Linus Torvalds authored
Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.12-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada: - avoid 'make image_name' invoking syncconfig - fix a couple of bugs in scripts/dummy-tools - fix LLD_VENDOR and locale issues in scripts/ld-version.sh - rebuild GCC plugins when the compiler is upgraded - allow LTO to be enabled with KASAN_HW_TAGS - allow LTO to be enabled without LLVM=1 * tag 'kbuild-fixes-v5.12-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: kbuild: fix ld-version.sh to not be affected by locale kbuild: remove meaningless parameter to $(call if_changed_rule,dtc) kbuild: remove LLVM=1 test from HAS_LTO_CLANG kbuild: remove unneeded -O option to dtc kbuild: dummy-tools: adjust to scripts/cc-version.sh kbuild: Allow LTO to be selected with KASAN_HW_TAGS kbuild: dummy-tools: support MPROFILE_KERNEL checks for ppc kbuild: rebuild GCC plugins when the compiler is upgraded kbuild: Fix ld-version.sh script if LLD was built with LLD_VENDOR kbuild: dummy-tools: fix inverted tests for gcc kbuild: add image_name to no-sync-config-targets
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Minchan Kim authored
commit 0d835962 ("zram: support page writeback") introduced two problems. It overwrites writeback_store's return value as kstrtol's return value, which makes return value zero so user could see zero as return value of write syscall even though it wrote data successfully. It also breaks index value in the loop in that it doesn't increase the index any longer. It means it can write only first starting block index so user couldn't write all idle pages in the zram so lose memory saving chance. This patch fixes those issues. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210312173949.2197662-2-minchan@kernel.org Fixes: 0d835962("zram: support page writeback") Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Reported-by: Amos Bianchi <amosbianchi@google.com> Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Cc: John Dias <joaodias@google.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Minchan Kim authored
writeback_store's return value is overwritten by submit_bio_wait's return value. Thus, writeback_store will return zero since there was no IO error. In the end, write syscall from userspace will see the zero as return value, which could make the process stall to keep trying the write until it will succeed. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210312173949.2197662-1-minchan@kernel.org Fixes: 3b82a051("drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c: fix error return codes not being returned in writeback_store") Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Cc: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com> Cc: John Dias <joaodias@google.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Zhou Guanghui authored
As described in the split_page() comment, for the non-compound high order page, the sub-pages must be freed individually. If the memcg of the first page is valid, the tail pages cannot be uncharged when be freed. For example, when alloc_pages_exact is used to allocate 1MB continuous physical memory, 2MB is charged(kmemcg is enabled and __GFP_ACCOUNT is set). When make_alloc_exact free the unused 1MB and free_pages_exact free the applied 1MB, actually, only 4KB(one page) is uncharged. Therefore, the memcg of the tail page needs to be set when splitting a page. Michel: There are at least two explicit users of __GFP_ACCOUNT with alloc_exact_pages added recently. See 7efe8ef2 ("KVM: arm64: Allocate stage-2 pgd pages with GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT") and c4196218 ("KVM: s390: Add memcg accounting to KVM allocations"), so this is not just a theoretical issue. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210304074053.65527-3-zhouguanghui1@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Zhou Guanghui <zhouguanghui1@huawei.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Rui Xiang <rui.xiang@huawei.com> Cc: Tianhong Ding <dingtianhong@huawei.com> Cc: Weilong Chen <chenweilong@huawei.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Zhou Guanghui authored
Rename mem_cgroup_split_huge_fixup to split_page_memcg and explicitly pass in page number argument. In this way, the interface name is more common and can be used by potential users. In addition, the complete info(memcg and flag) of the memcg needs to be set to the tail pages. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210304074053.65527-2-zhouguanghui1@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Zhou Guanghui <zhouguanghui1@huawei.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com> Cc: Tianhong Ding <dingtianhong@huawei.com> Cc: Weilong Chen <chenweilong@huawei.com> Cc: Rui Xiang <rui.xiang@huawei.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Sergei Trofimovich authored
In https://bugs.gentoo.org/769614 Dmitry noticed that `ptrace(PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO)` does not return error sign properly. The bug is in mismatch between get/set errors: static inline long syscall_get_error(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs) { return regs->r10 == -1 ? regs->r8:0; } static inline long syscall_get_return_value(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs) { return regs->r8; } static inline void syscall_set_return_value(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs, int error, long val) { if (error) { /* error < 0, but ia64 uses > 0 return value */ regs->r8 = -error; regs->r10 = -1; } else { regs->r8 = val; regs->r10 = 0; } } Tested on v5.10 on rx3600 machine (ia64 9040 CPU). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210221002554.333076-2-slyfox@gentoo.org Link: https://bugs.gentoo.org/769614Signed-off-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org> Reported-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org> Reviewed-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Sergei Trofimovich authored
In https://bugs.gentoo.org/769614 Dmitry noticed that `ptrace(PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO)` does not work for syscalls called via glibc's syscall() wrapper. ia64 has two ways to call syscalls from userspace: via `break` and via `eps` instructions. The difference is in stack layout: 1. `eps` creates simple stack frame: no locals, in{0..7} == out{0..8} 2. `break` uses userspace stack frame: may be locals (glibc provides one), in{0..7} == out{0..8}. Both work fine in syscall handling cde itself. But `ptrace(PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO)` uses unwind mechanism to re-extract syscall arguments but it does not account for locals. The change always skips locals registers. It should not change `eps` path as kernel's handler already enforces locals=0 and fixes `break`. Tested on v5.10 on rx3600 machine (ia64 9040 CPU). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210221002554.333076-1-slyfox@gentoo.org Link: https://bugs.gentoo.org/769614Signed-off-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org> Reported-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Nadav Amit authored
Userfaultfd self-test fails occasionally, indicating a memory corruption. Analyzing this problem indicates that there is a real bug since mmap_lock is only taken for read in mwriteprotect_range() and defers flushes, and since there is insufficient consideration of concurrent deferred TLB flushes in wp_page_copy(). Although the PTE is flushed from the TLBs in wp_page_copy(), this flush takes place after the copy has already been performed, and therefore changes of the page are possible between the time of the copy and the time in which the PTE is flushed. To make matters worse, memory-unprotection using userfaultfd also poses a problem. Although memory unprotection is logically a promotion of PTE permissions, and therefore should not require a TLB flush, the current userrfaultfd code might actually cause a demotion of the architectural PTE permission: when userfaultfd_writeprotect() unprotects memory region, it unintentionally *clears* the RW-bit if it was already set. Note that this unprotecting a PTE that is not write-protected is a valid use-case: the userfaultfd monitor might ask to unprotect a region that holds both write-protected and write-unprotected PTEs. The scenario that happens in selftests/vm/userfaultfd is as follows: cpu0 cpu1 cpu2 ---- ---- ---- [ Writable PTE cached in TLB ] userfaultfd_writeprotect() [ write-*unprotect* ] mwriteprotect_range() mmap_read_lock() change_protection() change_protection_range() ... change_pte_range() [ *clear* “write”-bit ] [ defer TLB flushes ] [ page-fault ] ... wp_page_copy() cow_user_page() [ copy page ] [ write to old page ] ... set_pte_at_notify() A similar scenario can happen: cpu0 cpu1 cpu2 cpu3 ---- ---- ---- ---- [ Writable PTE cached in TLB ] userfaultfd_writeprotect() [ write-protect ] [ deferred TLB flush ] userfaultfd_writeprotect() [ write-unprotect ] [ deferred TLB flush] [ page-fault ] wp_page_copy() cow_user_page() [ copy page ] ... [ write to page ] set_pte_at_notify() This race exists since commit 292924b2 ("userfaultfd: wp: apply _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit"). Yet, as Yu Zhao pointed, these races became apparent since commit 09854ba9 ("mm: do_wp_page() simplification") which made wp_page_copy() more likely to take place, specifically if page_count(page) > 1. To resolve the aforementioned races, check whether there are pending flushes on uffd-write-protected VMAs, and if there are, perform a flush before doing the COW. Further optimizations will follow to avoid during uffd-write-unprotect unnecassary PTE write-protection and TLB flushes. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210304095423.3825684-1-namit@vmware.com Fixes: 09854ba9 ("mm: do_wp_page() simplification") Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com> Suggested-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Tested-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [5.9+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Andrey Konovalov authored
There's a runtime failure when running HW_TAGS-enabled kernel built with GCC on hardware that doesn't support MTE. GCC-built kernels always have CONFIG_KASAN_STACK enabled, even though stack instrumentation isn't supported by HW_TAGS. Having that config enabled causes KASAN to issue MTE-only instructions to unpoison kernel stacks, which causes the failure. Fix the issue by disallowing CONFIG_KASAN_STACK when HW_TAGS is used. (The commit that introduced CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS specified proper dependency for CONFIG_KASAN_STACK_ENABLE but not for CONFIG_KASAN_STACK.) Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/59e75426241dbb5611277758c8d4d6f5f9298dac.1615215441.git.andreyknvl@google.com Fixes: 6a63a63f ("kasan: introduce CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS") Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com> Reported-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com> Cc: Evgenii Stepanov <eugenis@google.com> Cc: Branislav Rankov <Branislav.Rankov@arm.com> Cc: Kevin Brodsky <kevin.brodsky@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Andrey Konovalov authored
Currently, kasan_free_nondeferred_pages()->kasan_free_pages() is called after debug_pagealloc_unmap_pages(). This causes a crash when debug_pagealloc is enabled, as HW_TAGS KASAN can't set tags on an unmapped page. This patch puts kasan_free_nondeferred_pages() before debug_pagealloc_unmap_pages() and arch_free_page(), which can also make the page unavailable. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/24cd7db274090f0e5bc3adcdc7399243668e3171.1614987311.git.andreyknvl@google.com Fixes: 94ab5b61 ("kasan, arm64: enable CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS") Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com> Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com> Cc: Evgenii Stepanov <eugenis@google.com> Cc: Branislav Rankov <Branislav.Rankov@arm.com> Cc: Kevin Brodsky <kevin.brodsky@arm.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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