Now that the first group will always be the previous domain of this
@cpu this can be simplified.

In fact, writing the code now removed should've been a big clue I was
doing it wrong :/
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

When building the overlapping groups, we very obviously should start
with the previous domain of _this_ @cpu, not CPU-0.

This can be readily demonstrated with a topology like:

  node   0   1   2   3
    0:  10  20  30  20
    1:  20  10  20  30
    2:  30  20  10  20
    3:  20  30  20  10

Where (for example) CPU1 ends up generating the following nonsensical groups:

  [] CPU1 attaching sched-domain:
  []  domain 0: span 0-2 level NUMA
  []   groups: 1 2 0
  []   domain 1: span 0-3 level NUMA
  []    groups: 1-3 (cpu_capacity = 3072) 0-1,3 (cpu_capacity = 3072)

Where the fact that domain 1 doesn't include a group with span 0-2 is
the obvious fail.

With patch this looks like:

  [] CPU1 attaching sched-domain:
  []  domain 0: span 0-2 level NUMA
  []   groups: 1 0 2
  []   domain 1: span 0-3 level NUMA
  []    groups: 0-2 (cpu_capacity = 3072) 0,2-3 (cpu_capacity = 3072)
Debugged-by: Lauro Ramos Venancio <lvenanci@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e3589f6c ("sched: Allow for overlapping sched_domain spans")
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

More users for for_each_cpu_wrap() have appeared. Promote the construct
to generic cpumask interface.

The implementation is slightly modified to reduce arguments.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Lauro Ramos Venancio <lvenanci@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: lwang@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170414122005.o35me2h5nowqkxbv@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.netSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Create functions build_group_from_child_sched_domain() and
init_overlap_sched_group(). No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Lauro Ramos Venancio <lvenanci@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1492091769-19879-2-git-send-email-lvenanci@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

With our switch to stable delayed until late_initcall(), the most
likely cause of hitting mark_tsc_unstable() is the watchdog. The
watchdog typically only triggers when creative BIOS'es fiddle with the
TSC to hide SMI latency.

Since the watchdog can only detect TSC fiddling after the fact all TSC
clocks (including userspace GTOD) can already have reported funny
values.

The only way to fully avoid this, is manually marking the TSC unstable
at boot. Suggest people do this on their broken systems.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Core2 marks its TSC unstable in ACPI Processor Idle, which is probed
after sched_init_smp(). Luckily it appears both acpi_processor and
intel_idle (which has a similar check) are mandatory built-in.

This means we can delay switching to stable until after these drivers
have ran (if they were modules, this would be impossible).

Delay the stable switch to late_initcall() to allow these drivers to
mark TSC unstable and avoid difficult stable->unstable transitions.
Reported-by: Lofstedt, Marta <marta.lofstedt@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J . Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Ville reported that on his Core2, which has TSC stop in idle, we would
always report very short idle durations. He tracked this down to
commit:

  e93e59ce ("cpuidle: Replace ktime_get() with local_clock()")

which replaces ktime_get() with local_clock().

Add a sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event() call, which will re-sync the
clock with ktime_get_ns() when TSC is unstable and no-op otherwise.
Reported-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J . Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e93e59ce ("cpuidle: Replace ktime_get() with local_clock()")
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Commit:

  2bacec8c ("sched: touch softlockup watchdog after idling")

introduced the touch_softlockup_watchdog_sched() call without
justification and I feel sched_clock management is not the right
place, it should only be concerned with producing semi coherent time.

If this causes watchdog thingies, we can find a better place.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

The argument to sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event() has not been used in a
long time. Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Currently we keep sched_clock_tick() active for stable TSC in order to
keep the per-CPU state semi up-to-date. The (obvious) problem is that
by the time we detect TSC is borked, our per-CPU state is also borked.

So hook into the clocksource watchdog and call a method after we've
found it to still be stable.

There's the obvious race where the TSC goes wonky between finding it
stable and us running the callback, but closing that is too much work
and not really worth it, since we're already detecting TSC wobbles
after the fact, so we cannot, per definition, fully avoid funny clock
values.

And since the watchdog runs less often than the tick, this is also an
optimization.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

In preparation for not keeping the sched_clock_tick() active for
stable TSC, we need to explicitly initialize all per-CPU state
before switching back to unstable.

Note: this patch looses the __gtod_offset calculation; it will be
restored in the next one.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

For the (older) CPUs that still need the refined TSC calibration, also
update the sched_clock() rate.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

While looking through the code I noticed that we initialize the cyc2ns
fields with a different cycle value for each CPU, resulting in a
slightly different 0 point for each CPU.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Replace the custom multi-value scheme with the more regular
seqcount_latch() scheme. Along with scrapping a lot of lines, the latch
scheme is better documented and used in more places.

The immediate benefit however is not being limited on the update side.
The current code has a limit where the writers block which is hit by
future changes.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Since the clocksource watchdog will only detect broken TSC after the
fact, all TSC based clocks will likely have observed non-continuous
values before/when switching away from TSC.

Therefore only thing to fully avoid random clock movement when your
BIOS randomly mucks with TSC values from SMI handlers is reporting the
TSC as unstable at boot.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

In the current implementation of load/util_avg, we assume that the
ongoing time segment has fully elapsed, and util/load_sum is divided
by LOAD_AVG_MAX, even if part of the time segment still remains to
run. As a consequence, this remaining part is considered as idle time
and generates unexpected variations of util_avg of a busy CPU in the
range [1002..1024[ whereas util_avg should stay at 1023.

In order to keep the metric stable, we should not consider the ongoing
time segment when computing load/util_avg but only the segments that
have already fully elapsed. But to not consider the current time
segment adds unwanted latency in the load/util_avg responsivness
especially when the time is scaled instead of the contribution.

Instead of waiting for the current time segment to have fully elapsed
before accounting it in load/util_avg, we can already account the
elapsed part but change the range used to compute load/util_avg
accordingly.

At the very beginning of a new time segment, the past segments have
been decayed and the max value is LOAD_AVG_MAX*y. At the very end of
the current time segment, the max value becomes:

  LOAD_AVG_MAX*y + 1024(us)  (== LOAD_AVG_MAX)

In fact, the max value is:

  LOAD_AVG_MAX*y + sa->period_contrib

at any time in the time segment.

Taking advantage of the fact that:

  LOAD_AVG_MAX*y == LOAD_AVG_MAX-1024

the range becomes [0..LOAD_AVG_MAX-1024+sa->period_contrib].

As the elapsed part is already accounted in load/util_sum, we update
the max value according to the current position in the time segment
instead of removing its contribution.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Morten.Rasmussen@arm.com
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: bsegall@google.com
Cc: dietmar.eggemann@arm.com
Cc: pjt@google.com
Cc: yuyang.du@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1493188076-2767-1-git-send-email-vincent.guittot@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

I finally got around to creating trampolines for dynamically allocated
ftrace_ops with using synchronize_rcu_tasks(). For users of the ftrace
function hook callbacks, like perf, that allocate the ftrace_ops
descriptor via kmalloc() and friends, ftrace was not able to optimize
the functions being traced to use a trampoline because they would also
need to be allocated dynamically. The problem is that they cannot be
freed when CONFIG_PREEMPT is set, as there's no way to tell if a task
was preempted on the trampoline. That was before Paul McKenney
implemented synchronize_rcu_tasks() that would make sure all tasks
(except idle) have scheduled out or have entered user space.

While testing this, I triggered this bug:

 BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffffffa0230077
 ...
 RIP: 0010:0xffffffffa0230077
 ...
 Call Trace:
  schedule+0x5/0xe0
  schedule_preempt_disabled+0x18/0x30
  do_idle+0x172/0x220

What happened was that the idle task was preempted on the trampoline.
As synchronize_rcu_tasks() ignores the idle thread, there's nothing
that lets ftrace know that the idle task was preempted on a trampoline.

The idle task shouldn't need to ever enable preemption. The idle task
is simply a loop that calls schedule or places the cpu into idle mode.
In fact, having preemption enabled is inefficient, because it can
happen when idle is just about to call schedule anyway, which would
cause schedule to be called twice. Once for when the interrupt came in
and was returning back to normal context, and then again in the normal
path that the idle loop is running in, which would be pointless, as it
had already scheduled.

The only reason schedule_preempt_disable() enables preemption is to be
able to call sched_submit_work(), which requires preemption enabled. As
this is a nop when the task is in the RUNNING state, and idle is always
in the running state, there's no reason that idle needs to enable
preemption. But that means it cannot use schedule_preempt_disable() as
other callers of that function require calling sched_submit_work().

Adding a new function local to kernel/sched/ that allows idle to call
the scheduler without enabling preemption, fixes the
synchronize_rcu_tasks() issue, as well as removes the pointless spurious
schedule calls caused by interrupts happening in the brief window where
preemption is enabled just before it calls schedule.

Reviewed: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170414084809.3dacde2a@gandalf.local.homeSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Pull some more input subsystem updates from Dmitry Torokhov:
 "An updated xpad driver with a few more recognized device IDs, and a
  new psxpad-spi driver, allowing connecting Playstation 1 and 2 joypads
  via SPI bus"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input:
  Input: cros_ec_keyb - remove extraneous 'const'
  Input: add support for PlayStation 1/2 joypads connected via SPI
  Input: xpad - add USB IDs for Mad Catz Brawlstick and Razer Sabertooth
  Input: xpad - sync supported devices with xboxdrv
  Input: xpad - sort supported devices by USB ID

Pull UBI/UBIFS updates from Richard Weinberger:

 - new config option CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_SECURITY

 - minor improvements

 - random fixes

* tag 'upstream-4.12-rc1' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-ubifs:
  ubi: Add debugfs file for tracking PEB state
  ubifs: Fix a typo in comment of ioctl2ubifs & ubifs2ioctl
  ubifs: Remove unnecessary assignment
  ubifs: Fix cut and paste error on sb type comparisons
  ubi: fastmap: Fix slab corruption
  ubifs: Add CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_SECURITY to disable/enable security labels
  ubi: Make mtd parameter readable
  ubi: Fix section mismatch

Pull UML fixes from Richard Weinberger:
 "No new stuff, just fixes"

* 'for-linus-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/uml:
  um: Add missing NR_CPUS include
  um: Fix to call read_initrd after init_bootmem
  um: Include kbuild.h instead of duplicating its macros
  um: Fix PTRACE_POKEUSER on x86_64
  um: Set number of CPUs
  um: Fix _print_addr()

Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "15 fixes"

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
  mm, docs: update memory.stat description with workingset* entries
  mm: vmscan: scan until it finds eligible pages
  mm, thp: copying user pages must schedule on collapse
  dax: fix PMD data corruption when fault races with write
  dax: fix data corruption when fault races with write
  ext4: return to starting transaction in ext4_dax_huge_fault()
  mm: fix data corruption due to stale mmap reads
  dax: prevent invalidation of mapped DAX entries
  Tigran has moved
  mm, vmalloc: fix vmalloc users tracking properly
  mm/khugepaged: add missed tracepoint for collapse_huge_page_swapin
  gcov: support GCC 7.1
  mm, vmstat: Remove spurious WARN() during zoneinfo print
  time: delete current_fs_time()
  hwpoison, memcg: forcibly uncharge LRU pages

Commit 4b4cea91691d ("mm: vmscan: fix IO/refault regression in cache
workingset transition") introduced three new entries in memory stat
file:

 - workingset_refault
 - workingset_activate
 - workingset_nodereclaim

This commit adds a corresponding description to the cgroup v2 docs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494530293-31236-1-git-send-email-guro@fb.comSigned-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Although there are a ton of free swap and anonymous LRU page in elgible
zones, OOM happened.

  balloon invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x17080c0(GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT|__GFP_ZERO|__GFP_NOTRACK), nodemask=(null),  order=0, oom_score_adj=0
  CPU: 7 PID: 1138 Comm: balloon Not tainted 4.11.0-rc6-mm1-zram-00289-ge228d67e9677-dirty #17
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Ubuntu-1.8.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
  Call Trace:
   oom_kill_process+0x21d/0x3f0
   out_of_memory+0xd8/0x390
   __alloc_pages_slowpath+0xbc1/0xc50
   __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x1a5/0x1c0
   pte_alloc_one+0x20/0x50
   __pte_alloc+0x1e/0x110
   __handle_mm_fault+0x919/0x960
   handle_mm_fault+0x77/0x120
   __do_page_fault+0x27a/0x550
   trace_do_page_fault+0x43/0x150
   do_async_page_fault+0x2c/0x90
   async_page_fault+0x28/0x30
  Mem-Info:
  active_anon:424716 inactive_anon:65314 isolated_anon:0
   active_file:52 inactive_file:46 isolated_file:0
   unevictable:0 dirty:27 writeback:0 unstable:0
   slab_reclaimable:3967 slab_unreclaimable:4125
   mapped:133 shmem:43 pagetables:1674 bounce:0
   free:4637 free_pcp:225 free_cma:0
  Node 0 active_anon:1698864kB inactive_anon:261256kB active_file:208kB inactive_file:184kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB mapped:532kB dirty:108kB writeback:0kB shmem:172kB writeback_tmp:0kB unstable:0kB all_unreclaimable? no
  DMA free:7316kB min:32kB low:44kB high:56kB active_anon:8064kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:0kB present:15992kB managed:15908kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:464kB slab_unreclaimable:40kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:24kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 992 992 1952
  DMA32 free:9088kB min:2048kB low:3064kB high:4080kB active_anon:952176kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:36kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:88kB present:1032192kB managed:1019388kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:13532kB slab_unreclaimable:16460kB kernel_stack:3552kB pagetables:6672kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:56kB local_pcp:24kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 959
  Movable free:3644kB min:1980kB low:2960kB high:3940kB active_anon:738560kB inactive_anon:261340kB active_file:188kB inactive_file:640kB unevictable:0kB writepending:20kB present:1048444kB managed:1010816kB mlocked:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:832kB local_pcp:60kB free_cma:0kB
  lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
  DMA: 1*4kB (E) 0*8kB 18*16kB (E) 10*32kB (E) 10*64kB (E) 9*128kB (ME) 8*256kB (E) 2*512kB (E) 2*1024kB (E) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 7524kB
  DMA32: 417*4kB (UMEH) 181*8kB (UMEH) 68*16kB (UMEH) 48*32kB (UMEH) 14*64kB (MH) 3*128kB (M) 1*256kB (H) 1*512kB (M) 2*1024kB (M) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 9836kB
  Movable: 1*4kB (M) 1*8kB (M) 1*16kB (M) 1*32kB (M) 0*64kB 1*128kB (M) 2*256kB (M) 4*512kB (M) 1*1024kB (M) 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 3772kB
  378 total pagecache pages
  17 pages in swap cache
  Swap cache stats: add 17325, delete 17302, find 0/27
  Free swap  = 978940kB
  Total swap = 1048572kB
  524157 pages RAM
  0 pages HighMem/MovableOnly
  12629 pages reserved
  0 pages cma reserved
  0 pages hwpoisoned
  [ pid ]   uid  tgid total_vm      rss nr_ptes nr_pmds swapents oom_score_adj name
  [  433]     0   433     4904        5      14       3       82             0 upstart-udev-br
  [  438]     0   438    12371        5      27       3      191         -1000 systemd-udevd

With investigation, skipping page of isolate_lru_pages makes reclaim
void because it returns zero nr_taken easily so LRU shrinking is
effectively nothing and just increases priority aggressively.  Finally,
OOM happens.

The problem is that get_scan_count determines nr_to_scan with eligible
zones so although priority drops to zero, it couldn't reclaim any pages
if the LRU contains mostly ineligible pages.

get_scan_count:

        size = lruvec_lru_size(lruvec, lru, sc->reclaim_idx);
	size = size >> sc->priority;

Assumes sc->priority is 0 and LRU list is as follows.

	N-N-N-N-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H

(Ie, small eligible pages are in the head of LRU but others are
 almost ineligible pages)

In that case, size becomes 4 so VM want to scan 4 pages but 4 pages from
tail of the LRU are not eligible pages.  If get_scan_count counts
skipped pages, it doesn't reclaim any pages remained after scanning 4
pages so it ends up OOM happening.

This patch makes isolate_lru_pages try to scan pages until it encounters
eligible zones's pages.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: clean up mind-bending `for' statement.  Tweak comment text]
Fixes: 3db65812 ("Revert "mm, vmscan: account for skipped pages as a partial scan"")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1494457232-27401-1-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We have encountered need_resched warnings in __collapse_huge_page_copy()
while doing {clear,copy}_user_highpage() over HPAGE_PMD_NR source pages.

mm->mmap_sem is held for write, but the iteration is well bounded.

Reschedule as needed.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1705101426380.109808@chino.kir.corp.google.comSigned-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This is based on a patch from Jan Kara that fixed the equivalent race in
the DAX PTE fault path.

Currently DAX PMD read fault can race with write(2) in the following
way:

CPU1 - write(2)                 CPU2 - read fault
                                dax_iomap_pmd_fault()
                                  ->iomap_begin() - sees hole

dax_iomap_rw()
  iomap_apply()
    ->iomap_begin - allocates blocks
    dax_iomap_actor()
      invalidate_inode_pages2_range()
        - there's nothing to invalidate

                                  grab_mapping_entry()
				  - we add huge zero page to the radix tree
				    and map it to page tables

The result is that hole page is mapped into page tables (and thus zeros
are seen in mmap) while file has data written in that place.

Fix the problem by locking exception entry before mapping blocks for the
fault.  That way we are sure invalidate_inode_pages2_range() call for
racing write will either block on entry lock waiting for the fault to
finish (and unmap stale page tables after that) or read fault will see
already allocated blocks by write(2).

Fixes: 9f141d6e ("dax: Call ->iomap_begin without entry lock during dax fault")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510172700.18991-1-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently DAX read fault can race with write(2) in the following way:

CPU1 - write(2)			CPU2 - read fault
				dax_iomap_pte_fault()
				  ->iomap_begin() - sees hole
dax_iomap_rw()
  iomap_apply()
    ->iomap_begin - allocates blocks
    dax_iomap_actor()
      invalidate_inode_pages2_range()
        - there's nothing to invalidate
				  grab_mapping_entry()
				  - we add zero page in the radix tree
				    and map it to page tables

The result is that hole page is mapped into page tables (and thus zeros
are seen in mmap) while file has data written in that place.

Fix the problem by locking exception entry before mapping blocks for the
fault.  That way we are sure invalidate_inode_pages2_range() call for
racing write will either block on entry lock waiting for the fault to
finish (and unmap stale page tables after that) or read fault will see
already allocated blocks by write(2).

Fixes: 9f141d6e
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-5-jack@suse.czSigned-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

DAX will return to locking exceptional entry before mapping blocks for a
page fault to fix possible races with concurrent writes.  To avoid lock
inversion between exceptional entry lock and transaction start, start
the transaction already in ext4_dax_huge_fault().

Fixes: 9f141d6e
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-4-jack@suse.czSigned-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently, we didn't invalidate page tables during invalidate_inode_pages2()
for DAX.  That could result in e.g. 2MiB zero page being mapped into
page tables while there were already underlying blocks allocated and
thus data seen through mmap were different from data seen by read(2).
The following sequence reproduces the problem:

 - open an mmap over a 2MiB hole

 - read from a 2MiB hole, faulting in a 2MiB zero page

 - write to the hole with write(3p). The write succeeds but we
   incorrectly leave the 2MiB zero page mapping intact.

 - via the mmap, read the data that was just written. Since the zero
   page mapping is still intact we read back zeroes instead of the new
   data.

Fix the problem by unconditionally calling invalidate_inode_pages2_range()
in dax_iomap_actor() for new block allocations and by properly
invalidating page tables in invalidate_inode_pages2_range() for DAX
mappings.

Fixes: c6dcf52c
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-3-jack@suse.czSigned-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "mm,dax: Fix data corruption due to mmap inconsistency",
v4.

This series fixes data corruption that can happen for DAX mounts when
page faults race with write(2) and as a result page tables get out of
sync with block mappings in the filesystem and thus data seen through
mmap is different from data seen through read(2).

The series passes testing with t_mmap_stale test program from Ross and
also other mmap related tests on DAX filesystem.

This patch (of 4):

dax_invalidate_mapping_entry() currently removes DAX exceptional entries
only if they are clean and unlocked.  This is done via:

  invalidate_mapping_pages()
    invalidate_exceptional_entry()
      dax_invalidate_mapping_entry()

However, for page cache pages removed in invalidate_mapping_pages()
there is an additional criteria which is that the page must not be
mapped.  This is noted in the comments above invalidate_mapping_pages()
and is checked in invalidate_inode_page().

For DAX entries this means that we can can end up in a situation where a
DAX exceptional entry, either a huge zero page or a regular DAX entry,
could end up mapped but without an associated radix tree entry.  This is
inconsistent with the rest of the DAX code and with what happens in the
page cache case.

We aren't able to unmap the DAX exceptional entry because according to
its comments invalidate_mapping_pages() isn't allowed to block, and
unmap_mapping_range() takes a write lock on the mapping->i_mmap_rwsem.

Since we essentially never have unmapped DAX entries to evict from the
radix tree, just remove dax_invalidate_mapping_entry().

Fixes: c6dcf52c ("mm: Invalidate DAX radix tree entries only if appropriate")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170510085419.27601-2-jack@suse.czSigned-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>    [4.10+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Cc: Tigran Aivazian <aivazian.tigran@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 1f5307b1 ("mm, vmalloc: properly track vmalloc users") has
pulled asm/pgtable.h include dependency to linux/vmalloc.h and that
turned out to be a bad idea for some architectures.  E.g.  m68k fails
with

   In file included from arch/m68k/include/asm/pgtable_mm.h:145:0,
                    from arch/m68k/include/asm/pgtable.h:4,
                    from include/linux/vmalloc.h:9,
                    from arch/m68k/kernel/module.c:9:
   arch/m68k/include/asm/mcf_pgtable.h: In function 'nocache_page':
>> arch/m68k/include/asm/mcf_pgtable.h:339:43: error: 'init_mm' undeclared (first use in this function)
    #define pgd_offset_k(address) pgd_offset(&init_mm, address)

as spotted by kernel build bot. nios2 fails for other reason

  In file included from include/asm-generic/io.h:767:0,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/io.h:61,
                   from include/linux/io.h:25,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/pgtable.h:18,
                   from include/linux/mm.h:70,
                   from include/linux/pid_namespace.h:6,
                   from include/linux/ptrace.h:9,
                   from arch/nios2/include/uapi/asm/elf.h:23,
                   from arch/nios2/include/asm/elf.h:22,
                   from include/linux/elf.h:4,
                   from include/linux/module.h:15,
                   from init/main.c:16:
  include/linux/vmalloc.h: In function '__vmalloc_node_flags':
  include/linux/vmalloc.h:99:40: error: 'PAGE_KERNEL' undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean 'GFP_KERNEL'?

which is due to the newly added #include <asm/pgtable.h>, which on nios2
includes <linux/io.h> and thus <asm/io.h> and <asm-generic/io.h> which
again includes <linux/vmalloc.h>.

Tweaking that around just turns out a bigger headache than necessary.
This patch reverts 1f5307b1 and reimplements the original fix in a
different way.  __vmalloc_node_flags can stay static inline which will
cover vmalloc* functions.  We only have one external user
(kvmalloc_node) and we can export __vmalloc_node_flags_caller and
provide the caller directly.  This is much simpler and it doesn't really
need any games with header files.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[mhocko@kernel.org: revert old comment]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170509211054.GB16325@dhcp22.suse.cz
Fixes: 1f5307b1 ("mm, vmalloc: properly track vmalloc users")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170509153702.GR6481@dhcp22.suse.czSigned-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

One return case of `__collapse_huge_page_swapin()` does not invoke
tracepoint while every other return case does.  This commit adds a
tracepoint invocation for the case.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170507101813.30187-1-sj38.park@gmail.comSigned-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj38.park@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Starting from GCC 7.1, __gcov_exit is a new symbol expected to be
implemented in a profiling runtime.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[mliska@suse.cz: v2]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e63a3c59-0149-c97e-4084-20ca8f146b26@suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8c4084fa-3885-29fe-5fc4-0d4ca199c785@suse.czSigned-off-by: Martin Liska <mliska@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

After commit e2ecc8a7 ("mm, vmstat: print non-populated zones in
zoneinfo"), /proc/zoneinfo will show unpopulated zones.

A memoryless node, having no populated zones at all, was previously
ignored, but will now trigger the WARN() in is_zone_first_populated().

Remove this warning, as its only purpose was to warn of a situation that
has since been enabled.

Aside: The "per-node stats" are still printed under the first populated
zone, but that's not necessarily the first stanza any more.  I'm not
sure which criteria is more important with regard to not breaking
parsers, but it looks a little weird to the eye.

Fixes:  e2ecc8a7 ("mm, vmstat: print node-based stats in zoneinfo file")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1493854905-10918-1-git-send-email-arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

All uses of the current_fs_time() function have been replaced by other
time interfaces.

And, its use cases can be fulfilled by current_time() or ktime_get_*
variants.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1491613030-11599-13-git-send-email-deepa.kernel@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Laurent Dufour has noticed that hwpoinsoned pages are kept charged.  In
his particular case he has hit a bad_page("page still charged to
cgroup") when onlining a hwpoison page.  While this looks like something
that shouldn't happen in the first place because onlining hwpages and
returning them to the page allocator makes only little sense it shows a
real problem.

hwpoison pages do not get freed usually so we do not uncharge them (at
least not since commit 0a31bc97 ("mm: memcontrol: rewrite uncharge
API")).  Each charge pins memcg (since e8ea14cc ("mm: memcontrol:
take a css reference for each charged page")) as well and so the
mem_cgroup and the associated state will never go away.  Fix this leak
by forcibly uncharging a LRU hwpoisoned page in delete_from_lru_cache().
We also have to tweak uncharge_list because it cannot rely on zero ref
count for these pages.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Fixes: 0a31bc97 ("mm: memcontrol: rewrite uncharge API")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170502185507.GB19165@dhcp22.suse.czSigned-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull libnvdimm fixes from Dan Williams:
 "Incremental fixes and a small feature addition on top of the main
  libnvdimm 4.12 pull request:

   - Geert noticed that tinyconfig was bloated by BLOCK selecting DAX.
     The size regression is fixed by moving all dax helpers into the
     dax-core and only specifying "select DAX" for FS_DAX and
     dax-capable drivers. He also asked for clarification of the
     NR_DEV_DAX config option which, on closer look, does not need to be
     a config option at all. Mike also throws in a DEV_DAX_PMEM fixup
     for good measure.

   - Ben's attention to detail on -stable patch submissions caught a
     case where the recent fixes to arch_copy_from_iter_pmem() missed a
     condition where we strand dirty data in the cache. This is tagged
     for -stable and will also be included in the rework of the pmem api
     to a proposed {memcpy,copy_user}_flushcache() interface for 4.13.

   - Vishal adds a feature that missed the initial pull due to pending
     review feedback. It allows the kernel to clear media errors when
     initializing a BTT (atomic sector update driver) instance on a pmem
     namespace.

   - Ross noticed that the dax_device + dax_operations conversion broke
     __dax_zero_page_range(). The nvdimm unit tests fail to check this
     path, but xfstests immediately trips over it. No excuse for missing
     this before submitting the 4.12 pull request.

  These all pass the nvdimm unit tests and an xfstests spot check. The
  set has received a build success notification from the kbuild robot"

* 'libnvdimm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
  filesystem-dax: fix broken __dax_zero_page_range() conversion
  libnvdimm, btt: ensure that initializing metadata clears poison
  libnvdimm: add an atomic vs process context flag to rw_bytes
  x86, pmem: Fix cache flushing for iovec write < 8 bytes
  device-dax: kill NR_DEV_DAX
  block, dax: move "select DAX" from BLOCK to FS_DAX
  device-dax: Tell kbuild DEV_DAX_PMEM depends on DEV_DAX

Pull sound fixes from Takashi Iwai:
 "This contains a one-liner change that has a significant impact:
  disabling the build of OSS. It's been unmaintained for long time, and
  we'd like to drop the stuff. Finally, as the first step, stop the
  build. Let's see whether it works without much complaints.

  Other than that, there are two small fixes for HD-audio"

* tag 'sound-fix-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound:
  sound: Disable the build of OSS drivers
  ALSA: hda: Fix cpu lockup when stopping the cmd dmas
  ALSA: hda - Add mute led support for HP EliteBook 840 G3

Pull more power-supply updates from Sebastian Reichel:
 "The power-supply subsystem has a few more changes for the v4.12 merge
  window:

   - New battery driver for AXP20X and AXP22X PMICs

   - Improve max17042_battery for usage on x86

   - Misc small cleanups & fixes"

* tag 'for-v4.12-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sre/linux-power-supply: (34 commits)
  power: supply: cpcap-charger: Keep trickle charger bits disabled
  power: supply: cpcap-charger: Fix enable for 3.8V charge setting
  power: supply: cpcap-charger: Fix charge voltage configuration
  power: supply: cpcap-charger: Fix charger name
  power: supply: twl4030-charger: make twl4030_bci_property_is_writeable static
  power: supply: sbs-battery: Add alert callback
  mailmap: add Sebastian Reichel
  power: supply: avoid unused twl4030-madc.h
  power: supply: sbs-battery: Correct supply status with current draw
  power: supply: sbs-battery: Don't ignore the first external power change
  power: supply: pda_power: move from timer to delayed_work
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the SCOPE property
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the CHARGE_NOW property
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the CHARGE_FULL_DESIGN property
  power: supply: max17042_battery: mAh readings depend on r_sns value
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the VOLT_MIN property
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the TECHNOLOGY attribute
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add external_power_changed callback
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add support for the STATUS property
  power: supply: max17042_battery: Add default platform_data fallback data
  ...