1. 22 Oct, 2015 17 commits
  2. 21 Oct, 2015 20 commits
  3. 16 Oct, 2015 1 commit
    • Filipe Manana's avatar
      Btrfs: fix truncation of compressed and inlined extents · 0305cd5f
      Filipe Manana authored
      When truncating a file to a smaller size which consists of an inline
      extent that is compressed, we did not discard (or made unusable) the
      data between the new file size and the old file size, wasting metadata
      space and allowing for the truncated data to be leaked and the data
      corruption/loss mentioned below.
      We were also not correctly decrementing the number of bytes used by the
      inode, we were setting it to zero, giving a wrong report for callers of
      the stat(2) syscall. The fsck tool also reported an error about a mismatch
      between the nbytes of the file versus the real space used by the file.
      
      Now because we weren't discarding the truncated region of the file, it
      was possible for a caller of the clone ioctl to actually read the data
      that was truncated, allowing for a security breach without requiring root
      access to the system, using only standard filesystem operations. The
      scenario is the following:
      
         1) User A creates a file which consists of an inline and compressed
            extent with a size of 2000 bytes - the file is not accessible to
            any other users (no read, write or execution permission for anyone
            else);
      
         2) The user truncates the file to a size of 1000 bytes;
      
         3) User A makes the file world readable;
      
         4) User B creates a file consisting of an inline extent of 2000 bytes;
      
         5) User B issues a clone operation from user A's file into its own
            file (using a length argument of 0, clone the whole range);
      
         6) User B now gets to see the 1000 bytes that user A truncated from
            its file before it made its file world readbale. User B also lost
            the bytes in the range [1000, 2000[ bytes from its own file, but
            that might be ok if his/her intention was reading stale data from
            user A that was never supposed to be public.
      
      Note that this contrasts with the case where we truncate a file from 2000
      bytes to 1000 bytes and then truncate it back from 1000 to 2000 bytes. In
      this case reading any byte from the range [1000, 2000[ will return a value
      of 0x00, instead of the original data.
      
      This problem exists since the clone ioctl was added and happens both with
      and without my recent data loss and file corruption fixes for the clone
      ioctl (patch "Btrfs: fix file corruption and data loss after cloning
      inline extents").
      
      So fix this by truncating the compressed inline extents as we do for the
      non-compressed case, which involves decompressing, if the data isn't already
      in the page cache, compressing the truncated version of the extent, writing
      the compressed content into the inline extent and then truncate it.
      
      The following test case for fstests reproduces the problem. In order for
      the test to pass both this fix and my previous fix for the clone ioctl
      that forbids cloning a smaller inline extent into a larger one,
      which is titled "Btrfs: fix file corruption and data loss after cloning
      inline extents", are needed. Without that other fix the test fails in a
      different way that does not leak the truncated data, instead part of
      destination file gets replaced with zeroes (because the destination file
      has a larger inline extent than the source).
      
        seq=`basename $0`
        seqres=$RESULT_DIR/$seq
        echo "QA output created by $seq"
        tmp=/tmp/$$
        status=1	# failure is the default!
        trap "_cleanup; exit \$status" 0 1 2 3 15
      
        _cleanup()
        {
            rm -f $tmp.*
        }
      
        # get standard environment, filters and checks
        . ./common/rc
        . ./common/filter
      
        # real QA test starts here
        _need_to_be_root
        _supported_fs btrfs
        _supported_os Linux
        _require_scratch
        _require_cloner
      
        rm -f $seqres.full
      
        _scratch_mkfs >>$seqres.full 2>&1
        _scratch_mount "-o compress"
      
        # Create our test files. File foo is going to be the source of a clone operation
        # and consists of a single inline extent with an uncompressed size of 512 bytes,
        # while file bar consists of a single inline extent with an uncompressed size of
        # 256 bytes. For our test's purpose, it's important that file bar has an inline
        # extent with a size smaller than foo's inline extent.
        $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xa1 0 128"   \
                -c "pwrite -S 0x2a 128 384" \
                $SCRATCH_MNT/foo | _filter_xfs_io
        $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 0 256" $SCRATCH_MNT/bar | _filter_xfs_io
      
        # Now durably persist all metadata and data. We do this to make sure that we get
        # on disk an inline extent with a size of 512 bytes for file foo.
        sync
      
        # Now truncate our file foo to a smaller size. Because it consists of a
        # compressed and inline extent, btrfs did not shrink the inline extent to the
        # new size (if the extent was not compressed, btrfs would shrink it to 128
        # bytes), it only updates the inode's i_size to 128 bytes.
        $XFS_IO_PROG -c "truncate 128" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo
      
        # Now clone foo's inline extent into bar.
        # This clone operation should fail with errno EOPNOTSUPP because the source
        # file consists only of an inline extent and the file's size is smaller than
        # the inline extent of the destination (128 bytes < 256 bytes). However the
        # clone ioctl was not prepared to deal with a file that has a size smaller
        # than the size of its inline extent (something that happens only for compressed
        # inline extents), resulting in copying the full inline extent from the source
        # file into the destination file.
        #
        # Note that btrfs' clone operation for inline extents consists of removing the
        # inline extent from the destination inode and copy the inline extent from the
        # source inode into the destination inode, meaning that if the destination
        # inode's inline extent is larger (N bytes) than the source inode's inline
        # extent (M bytes), some bytes (N - M bytes) will be lost from the destination
        # file. Btrfs could copy the source inline extent's data into the destination's
        # inline extent so that we would not lose any data, but that's currently not
        # done due to the complexity that would be needed to deal with such cases
        # (specially when one or both extents are compressed), returning EOPNOTSUPP, as
        # it's normally not a very common case to clone very small files (only case
        # where we get inline extents) and copying inline extents does not save any
        # space (unlike for normal, non-inlined extents).
        $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo $SCRATCH_MNT/bar
      
        # Now because the above clone operation used to succeed, and due to foo's inline
        # extent not being shinked by the truncate operation, our file bar got the whole
        # inline extent copied from foo, making us lose the last 128 bytes from bar
        # which got replaced by the bytes in range [128, 256[ from foo before foo was
        # truncated - in other words, data loss from bar and being able to read old and
        # stale data from foo that should not be possible to read anymore through normal
        # filesystem operations. Contrast with the case where we truncate a file from a
        # size N to a smaller size M, truncate it back to size N and then read the range
        # [M, N[, we should always get the value 0x00 for all the bytes in that range.
      
        # We expected the clone operation to fail with errno EOPNOTSUPP and therefore
        # not modify our file's bar data/metadata. So its content should be 256 bytes
        # long with all bytes having the value 0xbb.
        #
        # Without the btrfs bug fix, the clone operation succeeded and resulted in
        # leaking truncated data from foo, the bytes that belonged to its range
        # [128, 256[, and losing data from bar in that same range. So reading the
        # file gave us the following content:
        #
        # 0000000 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1 a1
        # *
        # 0000200 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a
        # *
        # 0000400
        echo "File bar's content after the clone operation:"
        od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar
      
        # Also because the foo's inline extent was not shrunk by the truncate
        # operation, btrfs' fsck, which is run by the fstests framework everytime a
        # test completes, failed reporting the following error:
        #
        #  root 5 inode 257 errors 400, nbytes wrong
      
        status=0
        exit
      
      Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
      Signed-off-by: default avatarFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
      0305cd5f
  4. 14 Oct, 2015 2 commits
    • Filipe Manana's avatar
      Btrfs: fix double range unlock of hole region when reading page · 5e6ecb36
      Filipe Manana authored
      If when reading a page we find a hole and our caller had already locked
      the range (bio flags has the bit EXTENT_BIO_PARENT_LOCKED set), we end
      up unlocking the hole's range and then later our caller unlocks it
      again, which might have already been locked by some other task once
      the first unlock happened.
      
      Currently this can only happen during a call to the extent_same ioctl,
      as it's the only caller of __do_readpage() that sets the bit
      EXTENT_BIO_PARENT_LOCKED for bio flags.
      
      Fix this by leaving the unlock exclusively to the caller.
      Signed-off-by: default avatarFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
      5e6ecb36
    • Filipe Manana's avatar
      Btrfs: fix file corruption and data loss after cloning inline extents · 8039d87d
      Filipe Manana authored
      Currently the clone ioctl allows to clone an inline extent from one file
      to another that already has other (non-inlined) extents. This is a problem
      because btrfs is not designed to deal with files having inline and regular
      extents, if a file has an inline extent then it must be the only extent
      in the file and must start at file offset 0. Having a file with an inline
      extent followed by regular extents results in EIO errors when doing reads
      or writes against the first 4K of the file.
      
      Also, the clone ioctl allows one to lose data if the source file consists
      of a single inline extent, with a size of N bytes, and the destination
      file consists of a single inline extent with a size of M bytes, where we
      have M > N. In this case the clone operation removes the inline extent
      from the destination file and then copies the inline extent from the
      source file into the destination file - we lose the M - N bytes from the
      destination file, a read operation will get the value 0x00 for any bytes
      in the the range [N, M] (the destination inode's i_size remained as M,
      that's why we can read past N bytes).
      
      So fix this by not allowing such destructive operations to happen and
      return errno EOPNOTSUPP to user space.
      
      Currently the fstest btrfs/035 tests the data loss case but it totally
      ignores this - i.e. expects the operation to succeed and does not check
      the we got data loss.
      
      The following test case for fstests exercises all these cases that result
      in file corruption and data loss:
      
        seq=`basename $0`
        seqres=$RESULT_DIR/$seq
        echo "QA output created by $seq"
        tmp=/tmp/$$
        status=1	# failure is the default!
        trap "_cleanup; exit \$status" 0 1 2 3 15
      
        _cleanup()
        {
            rm -f $tmp.*
        }
      
        # get standard environment, filters and checks
        . ./common/rc
        . ./common/filter
      
        # real QA test starts here
        _need_to_be_root
        _supported_fs btrfs
        _supported_os Linux
        _require_scratch
        _require_cloner
        _require_btrfs_fs_feature "no_holes"
        _require_btrfs_mkfs_feature "no-holes"
      
        rm -f $seqres.full
      
        test_cloning_inline_extents()
        {
            local mkfs_opts=$1
            local mount_opts=$2
      
            _scratch_mkfs $mkfs_opts >>$seqres.full 2>&1
            _scratch_mount $mount_opts
      
            # File bar, the source for all the following clone operations, consists
            # of a single inline extent (50 bytes).
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xbb 0 50" $SCRATCH_MNT/bar \
                | _filter_xfs_io
      
            # Test cloning into a file with an extent (non-inlined) where the
            # destination offset overlaps that extent. It should not be possible to
            # clone the inline extent from file bar into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xaa 0K 16K" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo \
                | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo
      
            # Doing IO against any range in the first 4K of the file should work.
            # Due to a past clone ioctl bug which allowed cloning the inline extent,
            # these operations resulted in EIO errors.
            echo "File foo data after clone operation:"
            # All bytes should have the value 0xaa (clone operation failed and did
            # not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo
            $XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite -S 0xcc 0 100" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo | _filter_xfs_io
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which has a hole in its
            # first 4K followed by a non-inlined extent. It should not be possible
            # as well to clone the inline extent from file bar into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0xdd 4K 12K" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo2 \
                | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo2
      
            # Doing IO against any range in the first 4K of the file should work.
            # Due to a past clone ioctl bug which allowed cloning the inline extent,
            # these operations resulted in EIO errors.
            echo "File foo2 data after clone operation:"
            # All bytes should have the value 0x00 (clone operation failed and did
            # not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo2
            $XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite -S 0xee 0 90" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo2 | _filter_xfs_io
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which has a size of zero
            # but has a prealloc extent. It should not be possible as well to clone
            # the inline extent from file bar into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "falloc -k 0 1M" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo3 | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo3
      
            # Doing IO against any range in the first 4K of the file should work.
            # Due to a past clone ioctl bug which allowed cloning the inline extent,
            # these operations resulted in EIO errors.
            echo "First 50 bytes of foo3 after clone operation:"
            # Should not be able to read any bytes, file has 0 bytes i_size (the
            # clone operation failed and did not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo3
            $XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite -S 0xff 0 90" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo3 | _filter_xfs_io
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which consists of a
            # single inline extent that has a size not greater than the size of
            # bar's inline extent (40 < 50).
            # It should be possible to do the extent cloning from bar to this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0x01 0 40" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo4 \
                | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo4
      
            # Doing IO against any range in the first 4K of the file should work.
            echo "File foo4 data after clone operation:"
            # Must match file bar's content.
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo4
            $XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite -S 0x02 0 90" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo4 | _filter_xfs_io
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which consists of a
            # single inline extent that has a size greater than the size of bar's
            # inline extent (60 > 50).
            # It should not be possible to clone the inline extent from file bar
            # into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite -S 0x03 0 60" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo5 \
                | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo5
      
            # Reading the file should not fail.
            echo "File foo5 data after clone operation:"
            # Must have a size of 60 bytes, with all bytes having a value of 0x03
            # (the clone operation failed and did not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo5
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which has no extents but
            # has a size greater than bar's inline extent (16K > 50).
            # It should not be possible to clone the inline extent from file bar
            # into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "truncate 16K" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo6 | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo6
      
            # Reading the file should not fail.
            echo "File foo6 data after clone operation:"
            # Must have a size of 16K, with all bytes having a value of 0x00 (the
            # clone operation failed and did not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo6
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which has no extents but
            # has a size not greater than bar's inline extent (30 < 50).
            # It should be possible to clone the inline extent from file bar into
            # this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "truncate 30" $SCRATCH_MNT/foo7 | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo7
      
            # Reading the file should not fail.
            echo "File foo7 data after clone operation:"
            # Must have a size of 50 bytes, with all bytes having a value of 0xbb.
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo7
      
            # Test cloning the inline extent against a file which has a size not
            # greater than the size of bar's inline extent (20 < 50) but has
            # a prealloc extent that goes beyond the file's size. It should not be
            # possible to clone the inline extent from bar into this file.
            $XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "falloc -k 0 1M" \
                            -c "pwrite -S 0x88 0 20" \
                            $SCRATCH_MNT/foo8 | _filter_xfs_io
            $CLONER_PROG -s 0 -d 0 -l 0 $SCRATCH_MNT/bar $SCRATCH_MNT/foo8
      
            echo "File foo8 data after clone operation:"
            # Must have a size of 20 bytes, with all bytes having a value of 0x88
            # (the clone operation did not modify our file).
            od -t x1 $SCRATCH_MNT/foo8
      
            _scratch_unmount
        }
      
        echo -e "\nTesting without compression and without the no-holes feature...\n"
        test_cloning_inline_extents
      
        echo -e "\nTesting with compression and without the no-holes feature...\n"
        test_cloning_inline_extents "" "-o compress"
      
        echo -e "\nTesting without compression and with the no-holes feature...\n"
        test_cloning_inline_extents "-O no-holes" ""
      
        echo -e "\nTesting with compression and with the no-holes feature...\n"
        test_cloning_inline_extents "-O no-holes" "-o compress"
      
        status=0
        exit
      
      Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
      Signed-off-by: default avatarFilipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
      8039d87d