It turns out that gcc has real trouble merging all the temporary
on-stack buffer allocation.  So despite the fact that their lifetimes do
not overlap, gcc will allocate stack for all of them when they have
different types.  Which they do in the number scanning test routines.

This is unfortunate in general, but with lots of test-cases in one
function, it becomes a real problem.  gcc will allocate a huge stack
frame for no actual good reason.

We have tried to counteract this tendency of gcc not merging stack slots
(see "-fconserve-stack"), but that has limited effect (and should be on
by default these days, iirc).

So with all the debug options enabled on an i386 allmodconfig build, we
end up with overly big stack frames, and the resulting stack frame size
warnings (now errors):

   lib/test_scanf.c: In function ‘numbers_list_field_width_val_width’:
   lib/test_scanf.c:530:1: error: the frame size of 2088 bytes is larger than 2048 bytes [-Werror=frame-larger-than=]
     530 | }
         | ^
   lib/test_scanf.c: In function ‘numbers_list_field_width_typemax’:
   lib/test_scanf.c:488:1: error: the frame size of 2568 bytes is larger than 2048 bytes [-Werror=frame-larger-than=]
     488 | }
         | ^
   lib/test_scanf.c: In function ‘numbers_list’:
   lib/test_scanf.c:437:1: error: the frame size of 2088 bytes is larger than 2048 bytes [-Werror=frame-larger-than=]
     437 | }
         | ^

In this particular case, the reasonably straightforward solution is to
just split out the test routines into multiple more targeted versions.
That way we don't have one huge stack, but several smaller ones, and
they aren't active all at the same time.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The variable 'package_size' is an unsigned long, and should be printed
out using '%lu', not '%zd' (that would be for a size_t).

Yes, on many architectures (including x86-64), 'size_t' is in fact the
same type as 'long', but that's a fairly random architecture definition,
and on some platforms 'size_t' is in fact 'int' rather than 'long'.

That is the case on traditional 32-bit x86.  Yes, both types are the
exact same 32-bit size, and it would all print out perfectly correctly,
but '%zd' ends up still being wrong.

And we can't make 'package_size' be a 'size_t', because we get the
actual value using efivar_entry_get() that takes a pointer to an
'unsigned long'.  So '%lu' it is.

This fixes two of the i386 allmodconfig build warnings (that is now an
error due to -Werror).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe:
 "Was going to send this one in later this week, but given that -Werror
  is now enabled (or at least available), the mq-deadline fix really
  should go in for the folks hitting that.

   - Ensure dd_queued() is only there if needed (Geert)

   - Fix a kerneldoc warning for bio_alloc_kiocb()

   - BFQ fix for queue merging

   - loop locking fix (Tetsuo)"

* tag 'block-5.15-2021-09-05' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  loop: reduce the loop_ctl_mutex scope
  bio: fix kerneldoc documentation for bio_alloc_kiocb()
  block, bfq: honor already-setup queue merges
  block/mq-deadline: Move dd_queued() to fix defined but not used warning

Pull CDROM maintainer update from Jens Axboe:
 "It's been about 22 years since I originally started maintaining the
  CDROM code, and I just haven't been able to even get reviews done in a
  timely fashion the last handful of years.

  Time to pass it on, and Phillip has volunteered take over these
  duties. I'll be helping as needed for the foreseeable future"

* tag 'misc-5.15-2021-09-05' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  cdrom: update uniform CD-ROM maintainership in MAINTAINERS file

Pull libata fixes from Jens Axboe:
 "Fixes for queued trim on certain Samsung SSDs, in conjunction with
  certain ATI controllers"

* tag 'libata-5.15-2021-09-05' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  libata: Add ATA_HORKAGE_NO_NCQ_ON_ATI for Samsung 860 and 870 SSD.
  libata: add ATA_HORKAGE_NO_NCQ_TRIM for Samsung 860 and 870 SSDs

Pull io_uring fixes from Jens Axboe:
 "As sometimes happens, two reports came in around the merge window open
  that led to some fixes. Hence this one is a bit bigger than usual
  followup fixes, but most of it will be going towards stable, outside
  of the fixes that are addressing regressions from this merge window.

  In detail:

   - postgres is a heavy user of signals between tasks, and if we're
     unlucky this can interfere with io-wq worker creation. Make sure
     we're resilient against unrelated signal handling. This set of
     changes also includes hardening against allocation failures, which
     could previously had led to stalls.

   - Some use cases that end up having a mix of bounded and unbounded
     work would have starvation issues related to that. Split the
     pending work lists to handle that better.

   - Completion trace int -> unsigned -> long fix

   - Fix issue with REGISTER_IOWQ_MAX_WORKERS and SQPOLL

   - Fix regression with hash wait lock in this merge window

   - Fix retry issued on block devices (Ming)

   - Fix regression with links in this merge window (Pavel)

   - Fix race with multi-shot poll and completions (Xiaoguang)

   - Ensure regular file IO doesn't inadvertently skip completion
     batching (Pavel)

   - Ensure submissions are flushed after running task_work (Pavel)"

* tag 'for-5.15/io_uring-2021-09-04' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  io_uring: io_uring_complete() trace should take an integer
  io_uring: fix possible poll event lost in multi shot mode
  io_uring: prolong tctx_task_work() with flushing
  io_uring: don't disable kiocb_done() CQE batching
  io_uring: ensure IORING_REGISTER_IOWQ_MAX_WORKERS works with SQPOLL
  io-wq: make worker creation resilient against signals
  io-wq: get rid of FIXED worker flag
  io-wq: only exit on fatal signals
  io-wq: split bounded and unbounded work into separate lists
  io-wq: fix queue stalling race
  io_uring: don't submit half-prepared drain request
  io_uring: fix queueing half-created requests
  io-wq: ensure that hash wait lock is IRQ disabling
  io_uring: retry in case of short read on block device
  io_uring: IORING_OP_WRITE needs hash_reg_file set
  io-wq: fix race between adding work and activating a free worker

Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Merge tag 'perf-tools-for-v5.15-2021-09-04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux

Pull perf tool updates from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:
 "New features:

   - Improvements for the flamegraph python script, including:
       - Display perf.data header
       - Display PIDs of user stacks
       - Added option to change color scheme
       - Default to blue/green color scheme to improve accessibility
       - Correctly identify kernel stacks when debuginfo is available

   - Improvements for 'perf bench futex':
       - Add --mlockall parameter
       - Add --broadcast and --pi to the 'requeue' sub benchmark

   - Add support for PMU aliases.

   - Introduce an ARM Coresight ETE decoder.

   - Add a 'perf bench' entry for evlist open/close operations, to help
     quantify improvements with multithreading 'perf record'.

   - Allow reporting the [un]throttle PERF_RECORD_ meta event in 'perf
     script's python scripting.

   - Add a 'perf test' entry for PMU aliases.

   - Add a 'perf test' entry for 'perf record/perf report/perf script'
     pipe mode.

  Fixes:

   - perf script dlfilter (API for filtering via dynamically loaded
     shared object introduced in v5.14) fixes and a 'perf test' entry
     for it.

   - Fix get_current_dir_name() compilation on Android.

   - Fix issues with asciidoc and double dashes uses.

   - Fix memory leaks in the BTF handling code.

   - Fix leftover problems in the Documentation from the infrastructure
     originally lifted from the git codebase.

   - Fix *probe_vfs_getname.sh 'perf test' failures.

   - Handle fd gaps in 'perf test's test__dso_data_reopen().

   - Make sure to show disasembly warnings for 'perf annotate --stdio'.

   - Fix output from pipe to file and vice-versa in 'perf
     record/report/script'.

   - Correct 'perf data -h' output.

   - Fix wrong comm in system-wide mode with 'perf record --delay'.

   - Do not allow --for-each-cgroup without cpu in 'perf stat'

   - Make 'perf test --skip' work on shell tests.

   - Fix libperf's verbose printing.

  Misc improvements:

   - Preparatory patches for multithreading various 'perf record' phases
     (synthesizing, opening, recording, etc).

   - Add sparse context/locking annotations in compiler-types.h, also to
     help with the multithreading effort.

   - Optimize the generation of the arch specific erno tables used in
     'perf trace'.

   - Optimize libperf's perf_cpu_map__max().

   - Improve ARM's CoreSight warnings.

   - Report collisions in AUX records.

   - Improve warnings for the LLVM 'perf test' entry.

   - Improve the PMU events 'perf test' codebase.

   - perf test: Do not compare overheads in the zstd comp test

   - Better support annotation on ARM.

   - Update 'perf trace's cmd string table to decode sys_bpf() first
     arg.

  Vendor events:

   - Add JSON events and metrics for Intel's Ice Lake, Tiger Lake and
     Elhart Lake.

   - Update JSON eventsand metrics for Intel's Cascade Lake and Sky Lake
     servers.

  Hardware tracing:

   - Improvements for the ARM hardware tracing auxtrace support"

* tag 'perf-tools-for-v5.15-2021-09-04' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux: (130 commits)
  perf tests: Add test for PMU aliases
  perf pmu: Add PMU alias support
  perf session: Report collisions in AUX records
  perf script python: Allow reporting the [un]throttle PERF_RECORD_ meta event
  perf build: Report failure for testing feature libopencsd
  perf cs-etm: Show a warning for an unknown magic number
  perf cs-etm: Print the decoder name
  perf cs-etm: Create ETE decoder
  perf cs-etm: Update OpenCSD decoder for ETE
  perf cs-etm: Fix typo
  perf cs-etm: Save TRCDEVARCH register
  perf cs-etm: Refactor out ETMv4 header saving
  perf cs-etm: Initialise architecture based on TRCIDR1
  perf cs-etm: Refactor initialisation of decoder params.
  tools build: Fix feature detect clean for out of source builds
  perf evlist: Add evlist__for_each_entry_from() macro
  perf evsel: Handle precise_ip fallback in evsel__open_cpu()
  perf evsel: Move bpf_counter__install_pe() to success path in evsel__open_cpu()
  perf evsel: Move test_attr__open() to success path in evsel__open_cpu()
  perf evsel: Move ignore_missing_thread() to fallback code
  ...

Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:

 - simplify the Kconfig use of FTRACE and TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT

 - bootconfig can now start histograms

 - bootconfig supports group/all enabling

 - histograms now can put values in linear size buckets

 - execnames can be passed to synthetic events

 - introduce "event probes" that attach to other events and can retrieve
   data from pointers of fields, or record fields as different types (a
   pointer to a string as a string instead of just a hex number)

 - various fixes and clean ups

* tag 'trace-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (35 commits)
  tracing/doc: Fix table format in histogram code
  selftests/ftrace: Add selftest for testing duplicate eprobes and kprobes
  selftests/ftrace: Add selftest for testing eprobe events on synthetic events
  selftests/ftrace: Add test case to test adding and removing of event probe
  selftests/ftrace: Fix requirement check of README file
  selftests/ftrace: Add clear_dynamic_events() to test cases
  tracing: Add a probe that attaches to trace events
  tracing/probes: Reject events which have the same name of existing one
  tracing/probes: Have process_fetch_insn() take a void * instead of pt_regs
  tracing/probe: Change traceprobe_set_print_fmt() to take a type
  tracing/probes: Use struct_size() instead of defining custom macros
  tracing/probes: Allow for dot delimiter as well as slash for system names
  tracing/probe: Have traceprobe_parse_probe_arg() take a const arg
  tracing: Have dynamic events have a ref counter
  tracing: Add DYNAMIC flag for dynamic events
  tracing: Replace deprecated CPU-hotplug functions.
  MAINTAINERS: Add an entry for os noise/latency
  tracepoint: Fix kerneldoc comments
  bootconfig/tracing/ktest: Update ktest example for boot-time tracing
  tools/bootconfig: Use per-group/all enable option in ftrace2bconf script
  ...

Pull ARC updates from Vineet Gupta:
 "Finally a big pile of changes for ARC (atomics/mm). These are from our
  internal arc64 tree, preparing mainline for eventual arc64 support.
  I'm spreading them out to avoid tsunami of patches in one release.

   - MM rework:
       - Implement up to 4 paging levels
       - Enable STRICT_MM_TYPECHECK
       - switch pgtable_t back to 'struct page *'

   - Atomics rework / implement relaxed accessors

   - Retire legacy MMUv1,v2; ARC750 cores

   - A few other build errors, typos"

* tag 'arc-5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vgupta/arc: (33 commits)
  ARC: mm: vmalloc sync from kernel to user table to update PMD ...
  ARC: mm: support 4 levels of page tables
  ARC: mm: support 3 levels of page tables
  ARC: mm: switch to asm-generic/pgalloc.h
  ARC: mm: switch pgtable_t back to struct page *
  ARC: mm: hack to allow 2 level build with 4 level code
  ARC: mm: disintegrate pgtable.h into levels and flags
  ARC: mm: disintegrate mmu.h (arcv2 bits out)
  ARC: mm: move MMU specific bits out of entry code ...
  ARC: mm: move MMU specific bits out of ASID allocator
  ARC: mm: non-functional code movement/cleanup
  ARC: mm: pmd_populate* to use the canonical set_pmd (and drop pmd_set)
  ARC: ioremap: use more commonly used PAGE_KERNEL based uncached flag
  ARC: mm: Enable STRICT_MM_TYPECHECKS
  ARC: mm: Fixes to allow STRICT_MM_TYPECHECKS
  ARC: mm: move mmu/cache externs out to setup.h
  ARC: mm: remove tlb paranoid code
  ARC: mm: use SCRATCH_DATA0 register for caching pgdir in ARCv2 only
  ARC: retire MMUv1 and MMUv2 support
  ARC: retire ARC750 support
  ...

Pull RISC-V updates from Palmer Dabbelt:

 - support PC-relative instructions (auipc and branches) in kprobes

 - support for forced IRQ threading

 - support for the hlt/nohlt kernel command line options, via the
   generic idle loop

 - show the edge/level triggered behavior of interrupts
   in /proc/interrupts

 - a handful of cleanups to our address mapping mechanisms

 - support for allocating gigantic hugepages via CMA

 - support for the undefined behavior sanitizer (UBSAN)

 - a handful of cleanups to the VDSO that allow the kernel to build with
   LLD.

 - support for hugepage migration

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-5.15-mw0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (21 commits)
  riscv: add support for hugepage migration
  RISC-V: Fix VDSO build for !MMU
  riscv: use strscpy to replace strlcpy
  riscv: explicitly use symbol offsets for VDSO
  riscv: Enable Undefined Behavior Sanitizer UBSAN
  riscv: Keep the riscv Kconfig selects sorted
  riscv: Support allocating gigantic hugepages using CMA
  riscv: fix the global name pfn_base confliction error
  riscv: Move early fdt mapping creation in its own function
  riscv: Simplify BUILTIN_DTB device tree mapping handling
  riscv: Use __maybe_unused instead of #ifdefs around variable declarations
  riscv: Get rid of map_size parameter to create_kernel_page_table
  riscv: Introduce va_kernel_pa_offset for 32-bit kernel
  riscv: Optimize kernel virtual address conversion macro
  dt-bindings: riscv: add starfive jh7100 bindings
  riscv: Enable GENERIC_IRQ_SHOW_LEVEL
  riscv: Enable idle generic idle loop
  riscv: Allow forced irq threading
  riscv: Implement thread_struct whitelist for hardened usercopy
  riscv: kprobes: implement the branch instructions
  ...

... but make it a config option so that broken environments can disable
it when required.

We really should always have a clean build, and will disable specific
over-eager warnings as required, if we can't fix them.  But while I
fairly religiously enforce that in my own tree, it doesn't get enforced
by various build robots that don't necessarily report warnings.

So this just makes '-Werror' a default compiler flag, but allows people
to disable it for their configuration if they have some particular
issues.

Occasionally, new compiler versions end up enabling new warnings, and it
can take a while before we have them fixed (or the warnings disabled if
that is what it takes), so the config option allows for that situation.

Hopefully this will mean that I get fewer pull requests that have new
warnings that were not noticed by various automation we have in place.

Knock wood.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull more USB updates from Greg KH:
 "Here are some straggler USB-serial changes for 5.15-rc1.

  These were not included in the first pull request as they came in
  "late" from Johan and I had missed them in my pull request earlier
  this week.

  Nothing big in here, just some USB to serial driver updates and fixes.
  All of these were in linux-next before I pulled them into my tree, and
  have been in linux-next all this week from my tree with no reported
  problems"

* tag 'usb-5.15-rc1-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb:
  USB: serial: pl2303: fix GL type detection
  USB: serial: replace symbolic permissions by octal permissions
  USB: serial: cp210x: determine fw version for CP2105 and CP2108
  USB: serial: cp210x: clean up type detection
  USB: serial: cp210x: clean up set-chars request
  USB: serial: cp210x: clean up control-request timeout
  USB: serial: cp210x: fix flow-control error handling
  USB: serial: cp210x: fix control-characters error handling
  USB: serial: io_edgeport: drop unused descriptor helper

Pull MTD updates from Miquel Raynal:
 "MTD changes:
   - blkdevs:
       - Simplify the refcounting in blktrans_{open, release}
       - Simplify blktrans_getgeo
       - Remove blktrans_ref_mutex
       - Simplify blktrans_dev_get
       - Use lockdep_assert_held
       - Don't hold del_mtd_blktrans_dev in blktrans_{open, release}
   - ftl:
       - Don't cast away the type when calling add_mtd_blktrans_dev
       - Don't cast away the type when calling add_mtd_blktrans_dev
       - Use container_of() rather than cast
       - Fix use-after-free
       - Add discard support
       - Allow use of MTD_RAM for testing purposes
   - concat:
       - Check _read, _write callbacks existence before assignment
       - Judge callback existence based on the master
   - maps:
       - Maps: remove dead MTD map driver for PMC-Sierra MSP boards
   - mtdblock:
       - Warn if added for a NAND device
       - Add comment about UBI block devices
       - Update old JFFS2 mention in Kconfig
   - partitions:
       - Redboot: convert to YAML

  NAND core changes:
   - Repair Miquel Raynal's email address in MAINTAINERS
   - Fix a couple of spelling mistakes in Kconfig
   - bbt: Skip bad blocks when searching for the BBT in NAND
   - Remove never changed ret variable

  Raw NAND changes:
   - cafe: Fix a resource leak in the error handling path of 'cafe_nand_probe()'
   - intel: Fix error handling in probe
   - omap: Fix kernel doc warning on 'calcuate' typo
   - gpmc: Fix the ECC bytes vs. OOB bytes equation

  SPI-NAND core changes:
   - Properly fill the OOB area.
   - Fix comment

  SPI-NAND drivers changes:
   - macronix: Add Quad support for serial NAND flash"

* tag 'mtd/for-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mtd/linux: (30 commits)
  mtd: rawnand: cafe: Fix a resource leak in the error handling path of 'cafe_nand_probe()'
  mtd_blkdevs: simplify the refcounting in blktrans_{open, release}
  mtd_blkdevs: simplify blktrans_getgeo
  mtd_blkdevs: remove blktrans_ref_mutex
  mtd_blkdevs: simplify blktrans_dev_get
  mtd/rfd_ftl: don't cast away the type when calling add_mtd_blktrans_dev
  mtd/ftl: don't cast away the type when calling add_mtd_blktrans_dev
  mtd_blkdevs: use lockdep_assert_held
  mtd_blkdevs: don't hold del_mtd_blktrans_dev in blktrans_{open, release}
  mtd: rawnand: intel: Fix error handling in probe
  mtd: mtdconcat: Check _read, _write callbacks existence before assignment
  mtd: mtdconcat: Judge callback existence based on the master
  mtd: maps: remove dead MTD map driver for PMC-Sierra MSP boards
  mtd: rfd_ftl: use container_of() rather than cast
  mtd: rfd_ftl: fix use-after-free
  mtd: rfd_ftl: add discard support
  mtd: rfd_ftl: allow use of MTD_RAM for testing purposes
  mtdblock: Warn if added for a NAND device
  mtd: spinand: macronix: Add Quad support for serial NAND flash
  mtdblock: Add comment about UBI block devices
  ...

    fs/binfmt_aout.c: In function ‘load_aout_library’:
    fs/binfmt_aout.c:311:27: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘;’ token
      311 |    MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE;
	  |                           ^
    fs/binfmt_aout.c:309:10: error: too few arguments to function ‘vm_mmap’
      309 |  error = vm_mmap(file, start_addr, ex.a_text + ex.a_data,
	  |          ^~~~~~~
    In file included from fs/binfmt_aout.c:12:
    include/linux/mm.h:2626:35: note: declared here
     2626 | extern unsigned long __must_check vm_mmap(struct file *, unsigned long,
	  |                                   ^~~~~~~

Fix this by reverting the accidental replacement of a comma by a
semicolon.

Fixes: 42be8b42 ("binfmt: don't use MAP_DENYWRITE when loading shared libraries via uselib()")
Reported-by: noreply@ellerman.id.au
Reported-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull MAP_DENYWRITE removal from David Hildenbrand:
 "Remove all in-tree usage of MAP_DENYWRITE from the kernel and remove
  VM_DENYWRITE.

  There are some (minor) user-visible changes:

   - We no longer deny write access to shared libaries loaded via legacy
     uselib(); this behavior matches modern user space e.g. dlopen().

   - We no longer deny write access to the elf interpreter after exec
     completed, treating it just like shared libraries (which it often
     is).

   - We always deny write access to the file linked via /proc/pid/exe:
     sys_prctl(PR_SET_MM_MAP/EXE_FILE) will fail if write access to the
     file cannot be denied, and write access to the file will remain
     denied until the link is effectivel gone (exec, termination,
     sys_prctl(PR_SET_MM_MAP/EXE_FILE)) -- just as if exec'ing the file.

  Cross-compiled for a bunch of architectures (alpha, microblaze, i386,
  s390x, ...) and verified via ltp that especially the relevant tests
  (i.e., creat07 and execve04) continue working as expected"

* tag 'denywrite-for-5.15' of git://github.com/davidhildenbrand/linux:
  fs: update documentation of get_write_access() and friends
  mm: ignore MAP_DENYWRITE in ksys_mmap_pgoff()
  mm: remove VM_DENYWRITE
  binfmt: remove in-tree usage of MAP_DENYWRITE
  kernel/fork: always deny write access to current MM exe_file
  kernel/fork: factor out replacing the current MM exe_file
  binfmt: don't use MAP_DENYWRITE when loading shared libraries via uselib()

Merge NTFSv3 filesystem from Konstantin Komarov:
 "This patch adds NTFS Read-Write driver to fs/ntfs3.

  Having decades of expertise in commercial file systems development and
  huge test coverage, we at Paragon Software GmbH want to make our
  contribution to the Open Source Community by providing implementation
  of NTFS Read-Write driver for the Linux Kernel.

  This is fully functional NTFS Read-Write driver. Current version works
  with NTFS (including v3.1) and normal/compressed/sparse files and
  supports journal replaying.

  We plan to support this version after the codebase once merged, and
  add new features and fix bugs. For example, full journaling support
  over JBD will be added in later updates"

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210729134943.778917-1-almaz.alexandrovich@paragon-software.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/aa4aa155-b9b2-9099-b7a2-349d8d9d8fbd@paragon-software.com/

* git://github.com/Paragon-Software-Group/linux-ntfs3: (35 commits)
  fs/ntfs3: Change how module init/info messages are displayed
  fs/ntfs3: Remove GPL boilerplates from decompress lib files
  fs/ntfs3: Remove unnecessary condition checking from ntfs_file_read_iter
  fs/ntfs3: Fix integer overflow in ni_fiemap with fiemap_prep()
  fs/ntfs3: Restyle comments to better align with kernel-doc
  fs/ntfs3: Rework file operations
  fs/ntfs3: Remove fat ioctl's from ntfs3 driver for now
  fs/ntfs3: Restyle comments to better align with kernel-doc
  fs/ntfs3: Fix error handling in indx_insert_into_root()
  fs/ntfs3: Potential NULL dereference in hdr_find_split()
  fs/ntfs3: Fix error code in indx_add_allocate()
  fs/ntfs3: fix an error code in ntfs_get_acl_ex()
  fs/ntfs3: add checks for allocation failure
  fs/ntfs3: Use kcalloc/kmalloc_array over kzalloc/kmalloc
  fs/ntfs3: Do not use driver own alloc wrappers
  fs/ntfs3: Use kernel ALIGN macros over driver specific
  fs/ntfs3: Restyle comment block in ni_parse_reparse()
  fs/ntfs3: Remove unused including <linux/version.h>
  fs/ntfs3: Fix fall-through warnings for Clang
  fs/ntfs3: Fix one none utf8 char in source file
  ...

Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
 "In this cycle, we've addressed some performance issues such as lock
  contention, misbehaving compress_cache, allowing extent_cache for
  compressed files, and new sysfs to adjust ra_size for fadvise.

  In order to diagnose the performance issues quickly, we also added an
  iostat which shows the IO latencies periodically.

  On the stability side, we've found two memory leakage cases in the
  error path in compression flow. And, we've also fixed various corner
  cases in fiemap, quota, checkpoint=disable, zstd, and so on.

  Enhancements:
   - avoid long checkpoint latency by releasing nat_tree_lock
   - collect and show iostats periodically
   - support extent_cache for compressed files
   - add a sysfs entry to manage ra_size given fadvise(POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL)
   - report f2fs GC status via sysfs
   - add discard_unit=%s in mount option to handle zoned device

  Bug fixes:
   - fix two memory leakages when an error happens in the compressed IO flow
   - fix commpress_cache to get the right LBA
   - fix fiemap to deal with compressed case correctly
   - fix wrong EIO returns due to SBI_NEED_FSCK
   - fix missing writes when enabling checkpoint back
   - fix quota deadlock
   - fix zstd level mount option

  In addition to the above major updates, we've cleaned up several code
  paths such as dio, unnecessary operations, debugfs/f2fs/status, sanity
  check, and typos"

* tag 'f2fs-for-5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (46 commits)
  f2fs: should put a page beyond EOF when preparing a write
  f2fs: deallocate compressed pages when error happens
  f2fs: enable realtime discard iff device supports discard
  f2fs: guarantee to write dirty data when enabling checkpoint back
  f2fs: fix to unmap pages from userspace process in punch_hole()
  f2fs: fix unexpected ENOENT comes from f2fs_map_blocks()
  f2fs: fix to account missing .skipped_gc_rwsem
  f2fs: adjust unlock order for cleanup
  f2fs: Don't create discard thread when device doesn't support realtime discard
  f2fs: rebuild nat_bits during umount
  f2fs: introduce periodic iostat io latency traces
  f2fs: separate out iostat feature
  f2fs: compress: do sanity check on cluster
  f2fs: fix description about main_blkaddr node
  f2fs: convert S_IRUGO to 0444
  f2fs: fix to keep compatibility of fault injection interface
  f2fs: support fault injection for f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc()
  f2fs: compress: allow write compress released file after truncate to zero
  f2fs: correct comment in segment.h
  f2fs: improve sbi status info in debugfs/f2fs/status
  ...

Update maintainership for the uniform CD-ROM driver from Jens Axboe to
Phillip Potter in MAINTAINERS file, to reflect the attempt to pass on
maintainership of this driver to a different individual. Also remove
URL to site which is no longer active.
Suggested-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210904174030.1103-1-phil@philpotter.co.ukSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Pull NFS client updates from Anna Schumaker:
 "New Features:
   - Better client responsiveness when server isn't replying
   - Use refcount_t in sunrpc rpc_client refcount tracking
   - Add srcaddr and dst_port to the sunrpc sysfs info files
   - Add basic support for connection sharing between servers with multiple NICs`

  Bugfixes and Cleanups:
   - Sunrpc tracepoint cleanups
   - Disconnect after ib_post_send() errors to avoid deadlocks
   - Fix for tearing down rpcrdma_reps
   - Fix a potential pNFS layoutget livelock loop
   - pNFS layout barrier fixes
   - Fix a potential memory corruption in rpc_wake_up_queued_task_set_status()
   - Fix reconnection locking
   - Fix return value of get_srcport()
   - Remove rpcrdma_post_sends()
   - Remove pNFS dead code
   - Remove copy size restriction for inter-server copies
   - Overhaul the NFS callback service
   - Clean up sunrpc TCP socket shutdowns
   - Always provide aligned buffers to RPC read layers"

* tag 'nfs-for-5.15-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/anna/linux-nfs: (39 commits)
  NFS: Always provide aligned buffers to the RPC read layers
  NFSv4.1 add network transport when session trunking is detected
  SUNRPC enforce creation of no more than max_connect xprts
  NFSv4 introduce max_connect mount options
  SUNRPC add xps_nunique_destaddr_xprts to xprt_switch_info in sysfs
  SUNRPC keep track of number of transports to unique addresses
  NFSv3: Delete duplicate judgement in nfs3_async_handle_jukebox
  SUNRPC: Tweak TCP socket shutdown in the RPC client
  SUNRPC: Simplify socket shutdown when not reusing TCP ports
  NFSv4.2: remove restriction of copy size for inter-server copy.
  NFS: Clean up the synopsis of callback process_op()
  NFS: Extract the xdr_init_encode/decode() calls from decode_compound
  NFS: Remove unused callback void decoder
  NFS: Add a private local dispatcher for NFSv4 callback operations
  SUNRPC: Eliminate the RQ_AUTHERR flag
  SUNRPC: Set rq_auth_stat in the pg_authenticate() callout
  SUNRPC: Add svc_rqst::rq_auth_stat
  SUNRPC: Add dst_port to the sysfs xprt info file
  SUNRPC: Add srcaddr as a file in sysfs
  sunrpc: Fix return value of get_srcport()
  ...

syzbot is reporting circular locking problem at __loop_clr_fd() [1], for
commit a160c615 ("block: add an optional probe callback to
major_names") is calling the module's probe function with major_names_lock
held.

Fortunately, since commit 990e7811 ("block: loop: fix deadlock
between open and remove") stopped holding loop_ctl_mutex in lo_open(),
current role of loop_ctl_mutex is to serialize access to loop_index_idr
and loop_add()/loop_remove(); in other words, management of id for IDR.
To avoid holding loop_ctl_mutex during whole add/remove operation, use
a bool flag to indicate whether the loop device is ready for use.

loop_unregister_transfer() which is called from cleanup_cryptoloop()
currently has possibility of use-after-free problem due to lack of
serialization between kfree() from loop_remove() from loop_control_remove()
and mutex_lock() from unregister_transfer_cb(). But since lo->lo_encryption
should be already NULL when this function is called due to module unload,
and commit 222013f9 ("cryptoloop: add a deprecation warning")
indicates that we will remove this function shortly, this patch updates
this function to emit warning instead of checking lo->lo_encryption.

Holding loop_ctl_mutex in loop_exit() is pointless, for all users must
close /dev/loop-control and /dev/loop$num (in order to drop module's
refcount to 0) before loop_exit() starts, and nobody can open
/dev/loop-control or /dev/loop$num afterwards.

Link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=7bb10e8b62f83e4d445cdf4c13d69e407e629558 [1]
Reported-by: syzbot <syzbot+f61766d5763f9e7a118f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/adb1e792-fc0e-ee81-7ea0-0906fc36419d@i-love.sakura.ne.jpSigned-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

It currently takes a long, and while that's normally OK, the io_uring
limit is an int. Internally in io_uring it's an int, but sometimes it's
passed as a long. That can yield confusing results where a completions
seems to generate a huge result:

ou-sqp-1297-1298    [001] ...1   788.056371: io_uring_complete: ring 000000000e98e046, user_data 0x0, result 4294967171, cflags 0

which is due to -ECANCELED being stored in an unsigned, and then passed
in as a long. Using the right int type, the trace looks correct:

iou-sqp-338-339     [002] ...1    15.633098: io_uring_complete: ring 00000000e0ac60cf, user_data 0x0, result -125, cflags 0

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-next-5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest

Pull Kselftest updates from Shuah Khan:
 "Fixes to build and test failures:

   - openat2 test failure for O_LARGEFILE flag on ARM64

   - x86 test build failures related to glibc 2.34 adding support for
     variable sized MINSIGSTKSZ and SIGSTKSZ

   - removing obsolete configs in sync and cpufreq config files

   - minor spelling and duplicate header include cleanups"

* tag 'linux-kselftest-next-5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest:
  selftests/cpufreq: Rename DEBUG_PI_LIST to DEBUG_PLIST
  selftests/sync: Remove the deprecated config SYNC
  selftests: safesetid: Fix spelling mistake "cant" -> "can't"
  selftests/x86: Fix error: variably modified 'altstack_data' at file scope
  kselftest:sched: remove duplicate include in cs_prctl_test.c
  selftests: openat2: Fix testing failure for O_LARGEFILE flag

Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:

 - Add -s option (strict mode) to merge_config.sh to make it fail when
   any symbol is redefined.

 - Show a warning if a different compiler is used for building external
   modules.

 - Infer --target from ARCH for CC=clang to let you cross-compile the
   kernel without CROSS_COMPILE.

 - Make the integrated assembler default (LLVM_IAS=1) for CC=clang.

 - Add <linux/stdarg.h> to the kernel source instead of borrowing
   <stdarg.h> from the compiler.

 - Add Nick Desaulniers as a Kbuild reviewer.

 - Drop stale cc-option tests.

 - Fix the combination of CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS and CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
   to handle symbols in inline assembly.

 - Show a warning if 'FORCE' is missing for if_changed rules.

 - Various cleanups

* tag 'kbuild-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (39 commits)
  kbuild: redo fake deps at include/ksym/*.h
  kbuild: clean up objtool_args slightly
  modpost: get the *.mod file path more simply
  checkkconfigsymbols.py: Fix the '--ignore' option
  kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between ARCH=um and other architectures
  kbuild: do not remove 'linux' link in scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
  kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between the ordinary link and Clang LTO
  kbuild: remove stale *.symversions
  kbuild: remove unused quiet_cmd_update_lto_symversions
  gen_compile_commands: extract compiler command from a series of commands
  x86: remove cc-option-yn test for -mtune=
  arc: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
  s390: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
  ia64: move core-y in arch/ia64/Makefile to arch/ia64/Kbuild
  sparc: move the install rule to arch/sparc/Makefile
  security: remove unneeded subdir-$(CONFIG_...)
  kbuild: sh: remove unused install script
  kbuild: Fix 'no symbols' warning when CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSD_KSYMS=y
  kbuild: Switch to 'f' variants of integrated assembler flag
  kbuild: Shuffle blank line to improve comment meaning
  ...

Merge branch 'stable/for-linus-5.15-rc0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/ibft

Pull ibft fix from Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk:
 "An arm64 compile fix for the new code that fixed the iBFT KASLR
  handling. I missed the original 0-day build email report"

* 'stable/for-linus-5.15-rc0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/ibft:
  iscsi_ibft: Fix isa_bus_to_virt not working under ARM

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:

 - Convert pseries & powernv to use MSI IRQ domains.

 - Rework the pseries CPU numbering so that CPUs that are removed, and
   later re-added, are given a CPU number on the same node as
   previously, when possible.

 - Add support for a new more flexible device-tree format for specifying
   NUMA distances.

 - Convert powerpc to GENERIC_PTDUMP.

 - Retire sbc8548 and sbc8641d board support.

 - Various other small features and fixes.

Thanks to Alexey Kardashevskiy, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anton Blanchard,
Cédric Le Goater, Christophe Leroy, Emmanuel Gil Peyrot, Fabiano Rosas,
Fangrui Song, Finn Thain, Gautham R.  Shenoy, Hari Bathini, Joel
Stanley, Jordan Niethe, Kajol Jain, Laurent Dufour, Leonardo Bras, Lukas
Bulwahn, Marc Zyngier, Masahiro Yamada, Michal Suchanek, Nathan
Chancellor, Nicholas Piggin, Parth Shah, Paul Gortmaker, Pratik R.
Sampat, Randy Dunlap, Sebastian Andrzej Siewior, Srikar Dronamraju, Wan
Jiabing, Xiongwei Song, and Zheng Yongjun.

* tag 'powerpc-5.15-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (154 commits)
  powerpc/bug: Cast to unsigned long before passing to inline asm
  powerpc/ptdump: Fix generic ptdump for 64-bit
  KVM: PPC: Fix clearing never mapped TCEs in realmode
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Rename "direct window" to "dma window"
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Make use of DDW for indirect mapping
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Find existing DDW with given property name
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Update remove_dma_window() to accept property name
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Reorganize iommu_table_setparms*() with new helper
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Add ddw_property_create() and refactor enable_ddw()
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Allow DDW windows starting at 0x00
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Add ddw_list_new_entry() helper
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Add iommu_pseries_alloc_table() helper
  powerpc/kernel/iommu: Add new iommu_table_in_use() helper
  powerpc/pseries/iommu: Replace hard-coded page shift
  powerpc/numa: Update cpu_cpu_map on CPU online/offline
  powerpc/numa: Print debug statements only when required
  powerpc/numa: convert printk to pr_xxx
  powerpc/numa: Drop dbg in favour of pr_debug
  powerpc/smp: Enable CACHE domain for shared processor
  powerpc/smp: Update cpu_core_map on all PowerPc systems
  ...

Pull parisc architecture fixes from Helge Deller:
 "Fix an unaligned-access crash in the bootloader and drop asm/swab.h"

* tag 'for-5.15/parisc-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
  parisc: Fix unaligned-access crash in bootloader
  parisc: Drop __arch_swab16(), arch_swab24(), _arch_swab32() and __arch_swab64() functions

Pull MIPS updates from Thomas Bogendoerfer:

 - converted Pistachio platform to use MIPS generic kernel

 - fixes and cleanups

* tag 'mips_5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mips/linux: (29 commits)
  MIPS: Malta: fix alignment of the devicetree buffer
  MIPS: ingenic: Unconditionally enable clock of CPU #0
  MIPS: mscc: ocelot: mark the phy-mode for internal PHY ports
  MIPS: mscc: ocelot: disable all switch ports by default
  MAINTAINERS: adjust PISTACHIO SOC SUPPORT after its retirement
  MIPS: Return true/false (not 1/0) from bool functions
  MIPS: generic: Return true/false (not 1/0) from bool functions
  MIPS: Make a alias for pistachio_defconfig
  MIPS: Retire MACH_PISTACHIO
  MIPS: config: generic: Add config for Marduk board
  pinctrl: pistachio: Make it as an option
  phy: pistachio-usb: Depend on MIPS || COMPILE_TEST
  clocksource/drivers/pistachio: Make it selectable for MIPS
  clk: pistachio: Make it selectable for generic MIPS kernel
  MIPS: DTS: Pistachio add missing cpc and cdmm
  MIPS: generic: Allow generating FIT image for Marduk board
  MIPS: locking/atomic: Fix atomic{_64,}_sub_if_positive
  MIPS: loongson2ef: don't build serial.o unconditionally
  MIPS: Replace deprecated CPU-hotplug functions.
  MIPS: Alchemy: Fix spelling contraction "cant" -> "can't"
  ...

Pull OpenRISC updates from Stafford Horne:
 "A few cleanups and compiler warning fixes for OpenRISC.

  Also, this includes dts and defconfig updates to enable Ethernet on
  OpenRISC/Litex FPGA SoC's now that the LiteEth driver has gone
  upstream"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/openrisc/linux:
  openrisc/litex: Update defconfig
  openrisc/litex: Add ethernet device
  openrisc/litex: Update uart address
  openrisc: Fix compiler warnings in setup
  openrisc: rename or32 code & comments to or1k
  openrisc: don't printk() unconditionally

Merge tag 'livepatching-for-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/livepatching/livepatching

Pull livepatching update from Petr Mladek.

* tag 'livepatching-for-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/livepatching/livepatching:
  livepatch: Replace deprecated CPU-hotplug functions.

Pull iommu updates from Joerg Roedel:

 - New DART IOMMU driver for Apple Silicon M1 chips

 - Optimizations for iommu_[map/unmap] performance

 - Selective TLB flush support for the AMD IOMMU driver to make it more
   efficient on emulated IOMMUs

 - Rework IOVA setup and default domain type setting to move more code
   out of IOMMU drivers and to support runtime switching between certain
   types of default domains

 - VT-d Updates from Lu Baolu:
      - Update the virtual command related registers
      - Enable Intel IOMMU scalable mode by default
      - Preset A/D bits for user space DMA usage
      - Allow devices to have more than 32 outstanding PRs
      - Various cleanups

 - ARM SMMU Updates from Will Deacon:
      SMMUv3:
       - Minor optimisation to avoid zeroing struct members on CMD submission
       - Increased use of batched commands to reduce submission latency
       - Refactoring in preparation for ECMDQ support
      SMMUv2:
       - Fix races when probing devices with identical StreamIDs
       - Optimise walk cache flushing for Qualcomm implementations
       - Allow deep sleep states for some Qualcomm SoCs with shared clocks

 - Various smaller optimizations, cleanups, and fixes

* tag 'iommu-updates-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu: (85 commits)
  iommu/io-pgtable: Abstract iommu_iotlb_gather access
  iommu/arm-smmu: Fix missing unlock on error in arm_smmu_device_group()
  iommu/vt-d: Add present bit check in pasid entry setup helpers
  iommu/vt-d: Use pasid_pte_is_present() helper function
  iommu/vt-d: Drop the kernel doc annotation
  iommu/vt-d: Allow devices to have more than 32 outstanding PRs
  iommu/vt-d: Preset A/D bits for user space DMA usage
  iommu/vt-d: Enable Intel IOMMU scalable mode by default
  iommu/vt-d: Refactor Kconfig a bit
  iommu/vt-d: Remove unnecessary oom message
  iommu/vt-d: Update the virtual command related registers
  iommu: Allow enabling non-strict mode dynamically
  iommu: Merge strictness and domain type configs
  iommu: Only log strictness for DMA domains
  iommu: Expose DMA domain strictness via sysfs
  iommu: Express DMA strictness via the domain type
  iommu/vt-d: Prepare for multiple DMA domain types
  iommu/arm-smmu: Prepare for multiple DMA domain types
  iommu/amd: Prepare for multiple DMA domain types
  iommu: Introduce explicit type for non-strict DMA domains
  ...

Merge branch 'stable/for-linus-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/swiotlb

Pull swiotlb updates from Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk:
 "A new feature called restricted DMA pools. It allows SWIOTLB to
  utilize per-device (or per-platform) allocated memory pools instead of
  using the global one.

  The first big user of this is ARM Confidential Computing where the
  memory for DMA operations can be set per platform"

* 'stable/for-linus-5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/swiotlb: (23 commits)
  swiotlb: use depends on for DMA_RESTRICTED_POOL
  of: restricted dma: Don't fail device probe on rmem init failure
  of: Move of_dma_set_restricted_buffer() into device.c
  powerpc/svm: Don't issue ultracalls if !mem_encrypt_active()
  s390/pv: fix the forcing of the swiotlb
  swiotlb: Free tbl memory in swiotlb_exit()
  swiotlb: Emit diagnostic in swiotlb_exit()
  swiotlb: Convert io_default_tlb_mem to static allocation
  of: Return success from of_dma_set_restricted_buffer() when !OF_ADDRESS
  swiotlb: add overflow checks to swiotlb_bounce
  swiotlb: fix implicit debugfs declarations
  of: Add plumbing for restricted DMA pool
  dt-bindings: of: Add restricted DMA pool
  swiotlb: Add restricted DMA pool initialization
  swiotlb: Add restricted DMA alloc/free support
  swiotlb: Refactor swiotlb_tbl_unmap_single
  swiotlb: Move alloc_size to swiotlb_find_slots
  swiotlb: Use is_swiotlb_force_bounce for swiotlb data bouncing
  swiotlb: Update is_swiotlb_active to add a struct device argument
  swiotlb: Update is_swiotlb_buffer to add a struct device argument
  ...

Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
 "173 patches.

  Subsystems affected by this series: ia64, ocfs2, block, and mm (debug,
  pagecache, gup, swap, shmem, memcg, selftests, pagemap, mremap,
  bootmem, sparsemem, vmalloc, kasan, pagealloc, memory-failure,
  hugetlb, userfaultfd, vmscan, compaction, mempolicy, memblock,
  oom-kill, migration, ksm, percpu, vmstat, and madvise)"

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (173 commits)
  mm/madvise: add MADV_WILLNEED to process_madvise()
  mm/vmstat: remove unneeded return value
  mm/vmstat: simplify the array size calculation
  mm/vmstat: correct some wrong comments
  mm/percpu,c: remove obsolete comments of pcpu_chunk_populated()
  selftests: vm: add COW time test for KSM pages
  selftests: vm: add KSM merging time test
  mm: KSM: fix data type
  selftests: vm: add KSM merging across nodes test
  selftests: vm: add KSM zero page merging test
  selftests: vm: add KSM unmerge test
  selftests: vm: add KSM merge test
  mm/migrate: correct kernel-doc notation
  mm: wire up syscall process_mrelease
  mm: introduce process_mrelease system call
  memblock: make memblock_find_in_range method private
  mm/mempolicy.c: use in_task() in mempolicy_slab_node()
  mm/mempolicy: unify the create() func for bind/interleave/prefer-many policies
  mm/mempolicy: advertise new MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY
  mm/hugetlb: add support for mempolicy MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY
  ...

There is a usecase in Android that an app process's memory is swapped out
by process_madvise() with MADV_PAGEOUT, such as the memory is swapped to
zram or a backing device.  When the process is scheduled to running, like
switch to foreground, multiple page faults may cause the app dropped
frames.

To reduce the problem, System Management Software can read-ahead memory
of the process immediately when the app switches to forground.  Calling
process_madvise() with MADV_WILLNEED can meet this need.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210804082010.12482-1-zhangkui@oppo.comSigned-off-by: zhangkui <zhangkui@oppo.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The return value of pagetypeinfo_showfree and pagetypeinfo_showblockcount
are unused now.  Remove them.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210715122911.15700-4-linmiaohe@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We can replace the array_num * sizeof(array[0]) with sizeof(array) to
simplify the code.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210715122911.15700-3-linmiaohe@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Cleanup for vmstat".

This series contains cleanups to remove unneeded return value, correct
wrong comment and simplify the array size calculation.  More details can
be found in the respective changelogs.

This patch (of 3):

Correct wrong fls(mem+1) to fls(mem)+1 and remove the duplicated comment
with quiet_vmstat().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210715122911.15700-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210715122911.15700-2-linmiaohe@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit b239f7da ("percpu: set PCPU_BITMAP_BLOCK_SIZE to PAGE_SIZE")
removed the parameter 'for_alloc', so remove this comment.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1630576043-21367-1-git-send-email-jingxiangfeng@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Jing Xiangfeng <jingxiangfeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since merged pages are copied every time they need to be modified, the
write access time is different between shared and non-shared pages.  Add
ksm_cow_time() function which evaluates latency of these COW breaks.
First, 4000 pages are allocated and the time, required to modify 1 byte in
every other page, is measured.  After this, the pages are merged into 2000
pairs and in each pair, 1 page is modified (i.e.  they are decoupled) to
detect COW breaks.  The time needed to break COW of merged pages is then
compared with performance of non-shared pages.

The test is run as follows: ./ksm_tests -C
The output:
	Total size:    15 MiB

	Not merged pages:
	Total time:     0.002185489 s
	Average speed:  3202.945 MiB/s

	Merged pages:
	Total time:     0.004386872 s
	Average speed:  1595.670 MiB/s

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1d03ee0d1b341959d4b61672c6401d498bff5652.1629386192.git.zhansayabagdaulet@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Zhansaya Bagdauletkyzy <zhansayabagdaulet@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "add KSM performance tests", v3.

Extend KSM self tests with a performance benchmark.  These tests are not
part of regular regression testing, as they are mainly intended to be used
by developers making changes to the memory management subsystem.

This patch (of 2):

Add ksm_merge_time() function to determine speed and time needed for
merging.  The total spent time is shown in seconds while speed is in
MiB/s.  User must specify the size of duplicated memory area (in MiB)
before running the test.

The test is run as follows: ./ksm_tests -P -s 100
The output:
	Total size:    100 MiB
	Total time:    0.201106786 s
	Average speed:  497.248 MiB/s

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/cover.1629386192.git.zhansayabagdaulet@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/318b946ac80cc9205c89d0962048378f7ce0705b.1629386192.git.zhansayabagdaulet@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Zhansaya Bagdauletkyzy <zhansayabagdaulet@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>