Re-introduce shrinking and avoiding re-allocation for cython.array

This partially reverts 65d3b977,
but is more correct.

Closes #1492

Cython/Utility/arrayarray.h

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE int resize(arrayobject *self, Py_ssize_t n) {
 static CYTHON_INLINE int resize_smart(arrayobject *self, Py_ssize_t n) {
     void *items = (void*) self->data.ob_item;
     Py_ssize_t newsize;
-    if (n < self->ob_size) {
+    if (n < self->allocated && n*4 > self->allocated) {
         self->ob_size = n;
         return 0;
     }