There were several issues:

1. With Google Cloud Storage, we can't override the Content-Type with
Response-Content-Type once it is set.  Setting the value to
`application/octet-stream` doesn't buy us anything. GCS defaults to
`application/octet-stream`, and AWS uses `binary/octet-stream`. Just remove
this `Content-Type` when we upload new files.

2. CarrierWave and fog-google need to support query parameters:
https://github.com/fog/fog-google/pull/409/files, https://github.com/carrierwaveuploader/carrierwave/pull/2332/files.
CarrierWave has been monkey-patched until an official release.

3. Workhorse also needs to remove the Content-Type header in the request
(https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-workhorse/blob/ef80978ff89e628c8eeb66556720e30587d3deb6/internal/objectstore/object.go#L66),
or we'll get a 403 error when uploading due to signed URLs not matching the headers.
Upgrading to Workhorse 6.1.0 for https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-workhorse/merge_requests/297
will make Workhorse use the headers that are used by Rails.

Closes #49957