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Commit e66d4614 authored by Kati Paizee's avatar Kati Paizee
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Merge branch 'rename-file-paths' into 'master' 

Rename file path and add change links

See merge request gitlab-org/gitlab!65814
parents 8157dc31 d7b6bc68
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app/views/admin/application_settings/_usage.html.haml
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%pre.service-data-payload-container.js-syntax-highlight.code.highlight.mt-2.d-none{ class: payload_class, data: { endpoint: usage_data_admin_application_settings_path(format: :html) } }
- else
= _('Service ping is disabled, and cannot be configured through this form.')
- deactivating_service_ping_path = help_page_path('development/usage_ping/index.md', anchor: 'disable-service-ping')
- deactivating_service_ping_path = help_page_path('development/service_ping/index.md', anchor: 'disable-service-ping')
- deactivating_service_ping_link_start = '<a href="%{url}" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">'.html_safe % { url: deactivating_service_ping_path }
= s_('For more information, see the documentation on %{deactivating_service_ping_link_start}deactivating service ping%{deactivating_service_ping_link_end}.').html_safe % { deactivating_service_ping_link_start: deactivating_service_ping_link_start, deactivating_service_ping_link_end: '</a>'.html_safe }
.form-group
......@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
= f.check_box :usage_ping_features_enabled?, disabled: !usage_ping_enabled, class: 'form-check-input'
= f.label :usage_ping_features_enabled?, class: 'form-check-label gl-cursor-not-allowed', id: 'usage_ping_features_label' do
= _('Enable Registration Features')
= link_to sprite_icon('question-o'), help_page_path('development/usage_ping/index.md', anchor: 'registration-features-program')
= link_to sprite_icon('question-o'), help_page_path('development/service_ping/index.md', anchor: 'registration-features-program')
.form-text.text-muted
- if usage_ping_enabled
%p.gl-mb-3.text-muted{ id: 'usage_ping_features_helper_text' }= _('You can enable Registration Features because Service Ping is enabled. To continue using Registration Features in the future, you will also need to register with GitLab via a new cloud licensing service.')
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doc/api/usage_data.md
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# Service Data API **(FREE SELF)**
The Service Data API is associated with [Service Ping](../development/usage_ping/index.md).
The Service Data API is associated with [Service Ping](../development/service_ping/index.md).
## Export metric definitions as a single YAML file
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doc/development/index.md
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......@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ See [database guidelines](database/index.md).
## Product Intelligence guides
- [Product Intelligence guide](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/product-intelligence-guide/)
- [Service Ping guide](usage_ping/index.md)
- [Service Ping guide](service_ping/index.md)
- [Snowplow guide](snowplow/index.md)
## Experiment guide
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doc/development/query_performance.md
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| Queries in a migration | `100ms` | This is different than the total [migration time](database_review.md#timing-guidelines-for-migrations). |
| Concurrent operations in a migration | `5min` | Concurrent operations do not block the database, but they block the GitLab update. This includes operations such as `add_concurrent_index` and `add_concurrent_foreign_key`. |
| Background migrations | `1s` | |
| Service Ping | `1s` | See the [Service Ping docs](usage_ping/index.md#developing-and-testing-service-ping) for more details. |
| Service Ping | `1s` | See the [Service Ping docs](service_ping/index.md#developing-and-testing-service-ping) for more details. |
- When analyzing your query's performance, pay attention to if the time you are seeing is on a [cold or warm cache](#cold-and-warm-cache). These guidelines apply for both cache types.
- When working with batched queries, change the range and batch size to see how it effects the query timing and caching.
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---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
---
# Service Ping Guide **(FREE SELF)**
> Introduced in GitLab Ultimate 11.2, more statistics.
This guide describes Service Ping's purpose and how it's implemented.
For more information about Product Intelligence, see:
- [Product Intelligence Guide](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/product-intelligence-guide/)
- [Snowplow Guide](../snowplow/index.md)
More links:
- [Product Intelligence Direction](https://about.gitlab.com/direction/product-intelligence/)
- [Data Analysis Process](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/#data-analysis-process/)
- [Data for Product Managers](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/)
- [Data Infrastructure](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/platform/infrastructure/)
## What is Service Ping?
Service Ping is a process in GitLab that collects and sends a weekly payload to GitLab Inc.
The payload provides important high-level data that helps our product, support,
and sales teams understand how GitLab is used. For example, the data helps to:
- Compare counts month over month (or week over week) to get a rough sense for how an instance uses
different product features.
- Collect other facts that help us classify and understand GitLab installations.
- Calculate our Stage Monthly Active Users (SMAU), which helps to measure the success of our stages
and features.
Service Ping information is not anonymous. It's linked to the instance's hostname. However, it does
not contain project names, usernames, or any other specific data.
Sending a Service Ping payload is optional and can be [disabled](#disable-service-ping) on any self-managed instance.
When Service Ping is enabled, GitLab gathers data from the other instances
and can show your instance's usage statistics to your users.
### Terminology
We use the following terminology to describe the Service Ping components:
- **Service Ping**: the process that collects and generates a JSON payload.
- **Service Data**: the contents of the Service Ping JSON payload. This includes metrics.
- **Metrics**: primarily made up of row counts for different tables in an instance's database. Each
metric has a corresponding [metric definition](metrics_dictionary.md#metrics-definition-and-validation)
in a YAML file.
### Why should we enable Service Ping?
- The main purpose of Service Ping is to build a better GitLab. Data about how GitLab is used is collected to better understand feature/stage adoption and usage, which helps us understand how GitLab is adding value and helps our team better understand the reasons why people use GitLab and with this knowledge we're able to make better product decisions.
- As a benefit of having Service Ping active, GitLab lets you analyze the users' activities over time of your GitLab installation.
- As a benefit of having Service Ping active, GitLab provides you with The DevOps Report,which gives you an overview of your entire instance's adoption of Concurrent DevOps from planning to monitoring.
- You get better, more proactive support. (assuming that our TAMs and support organization used the data to deliver more value)
- You get insight and advice into how to get the most value out of your investment in GitLab. Wouldn't you want to know that a number of features or values are not being adopted in your organization?
- You get a report that illustrates how you compare against other similar organizations (anonymized), with specific advice and recommendations on how to improve your DevOps processes.
- Service Ping is enabled by default. To disable it, see [Disable Service Ping](#disable-service-ping).
- When Service Ping is enabled, you have the option to participate in our [Registration Features Program](#registration-features-program) and receive free paid features.
#### Registration Features Program
> Introduced in GitLab 14.1.
Starting with GitLab version 14.1, free self-managed users running [GitLab EE](../ee_features.md) can receive paid features by registering with GitLab and sending us activity data via [Service Ping](#what-is-service-ping).
The paid feature available in this offering is [Email from GitLab](../../tools/email.md).
Administrators can use this [Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/premium/) feature to streamline
their workflow by emailing all or some instance users directly from the Admin Area.
NOTE:
Registration is not yet required for participation, but will be added in a future milestone.
### Limitations
- Service Ping does not track frontend events things like page views, link clicks, or user sessions, and only focuses on aggregated backend events.
- Because of these limitations we recommend instrumenting your products with Snowplow for more detailed analytics on GitLab.com and use Service Ping to track aggregated backend events on self-managed.
## View the Service Ping payload **(FREE SELF)**
You can view the exact JSON payload sent to GitLab Inc. in the administration panel. To view the payload:
1. Sign in as a user with [Administrator](../../user/permissions.md) permissions.
1. On the top bar, select **Menu >** **{admin}** **Admin**.
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand the **Usage statistics** section.
1. Select **Preview payload**.
For an example payload, see [Example Service Ping payload](#example-service-ping-payload).
## Disable Service Ping **(FREE SELF)**
NOTE:
The method to disable Service Ping in the GitLab configuration file does not work in
GitLab versions 9.3 to 13.12.3. See the [troubleshooting section](#cannot-disable-service-ping-using-the-configuration-file)
on how to disable it.
You can disable Service Ping either using the GitLab UI, or editing the GitLab
configuration file.
### Disable Service Ping using the UI
To disable Service Ping in the GitLab UI:
1. Sign in as a user with [Administrator](../../user/permissions.md) permissions.
1. On the top bar, select **Menu >** **{admin}** **Admin**.
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand the **Usage statistics** section.
1. Clear the **Enable service ping** checkbox.
1. Select **Save changes**.
### Disable Service Ping using the configuration file
To disable Service Ping and prevent it from being configured in the future through
the admin area:
**For installations using the Linux package:**
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
```ruby
gitlab_rails['usage_ping_enabled'] = false
```
1. Reconfigure GitLab:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
**For installations from source:**
1. Edit `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`:
```yaml
production: &base
# ...
gitlab:
# ...
usage_ping_enabled: false
```
1. Restart GitLab:
```shell
sudo service gitlab restart
```
## Service Ping request flow
The following example shows a basic request/response flow between a GitLab instance, the Versions Application, the License Application, Salesforce, the GitLab S3 Bucket, the GitLab Snowflake Data Warehouse, and Sisense:
```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
participant GitLab Instance
participant Versions Application
participant Licenses Application
participant Salesforce
participant S3 Bucket
participant Snowflake DW
participant Sisense Dashboards
GitLab Instance->>Versions Application: Send Service Ping
loop Process usage data
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Parse usage data
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Write to database
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Update license ping time
end
loop Process data for Salesforce
Versions Application-xLicenses Application: Request Zuora subscription id
Licenses Application-xVersions Application: Zuora subscription id
Versions Application-xSalesforce: Request Zuora account id by Zuora subscription id
Salesforce-xVersions Application: Zuora account id
Versions Application-xSalesforce: Usage data for the Zuora account
end
Versions Application->>S3 Bucket: Export Versions database
S3 Bucket->>Snowflake DW: Import data
Snowflake DW->>Snowflake DW: Transform data using dbt
Snowflake DW->>Sisense Dashboards: Data available for querying
Versions Application->>GitLab Instance: DevOps Report (Conversational Development Index)
```
## How Service Ping works
1. The Service Ping [cron job](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/workers/gitlab_usage_ping_worker.rb#L30) is set in Sidekiq to run weekly.
1. When the cron job runs, it calls [`Gitlab::UsageData.to_json`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L22).
1. `Gitlab::UsageData.to_json` [cascades down](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb#L22) to ~400+ other counter method calls.
1. The response of all methods calls are [merged together](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb#L14) into a single JSON payload in `Gitlab::UsageData.to_json`.
1. The JSON payload is then [posted to the Versions application]( https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L20)
If a firewall exception is needed, the required URL depends on several things. If
the hostname is `version.gitlab.com`, the protocol is `TCP`, and the port number is `443`,
the required URL is <https://version.gitlab.com/>.
## Service Ping Metric Life cycle
### 1. New metrics addition
Please follow the [Implementing Service Ping](#implementing-service-ping) guide.
### 2. Existing metric change
Because we do not control when customers update their self-managed instances of GitLab,
we **STRONGLY DISCOURAGE** changes to the logic used to calculate any metric.
Any such changes lead to inconsistent reports from multiple GitLab instances.
If there is a problem with an existing metric, it's best to deprecate the existing metric,
and use it, side by side, with the desired new metric.
Example:
Consider following change. Before GitLab 12.6, the `example_metric` was implemented as:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric: distinct_count(Project, :creator_id)
}
```
For GitLab 12.6, the metric was changed to filter out archived projects:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric: distinct_count(Project.non_archived, :creator_id)
}
```
In this scenario all instances running up to GitLab 12.5 continue to report `example_metric`,
including all archived projects, while all instances running GitLab 12.6 and higher filters
out such projects. As Service Ping data is collected from all reporting instances, the
resulting dataset includes mixed data, which distorts any following business analysis.
The correct approach is to add a new metric for GitLab 12.6 release with updated logic:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric_without_archived: distinct_count(Project.non_archived, :creator_id)
}
```
and update existing business analysis artefacts to use `example_metric_without_archived` instead of `example_metric`
### 3. Deprecate a metric
If a metric is obsolete and you no longer use it, you can mark it as deprecated.
For an example of the metric deprecation process take a look at this [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/59899)
To deprecate a metric:
1. Check the following YAML files and verify the metric is not used in an aggregate:
- [`config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/)
- [`ee/config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/config/metrics/aggregates/)
1. Create an issue in the [GitLab Data Team
project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues). Ask for
confirmation that the metric is not used by other teams, or in any of the SiSense
dashboards.
1. Verify the metric is not used to calculate the conversational index. The
conversational index is a measure that reports back to self-managed instances
to inform administrators of the progress of DevOps adoption for the instance.
You can check
[`CalculateConvIndexService`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/app/services/calculate_conv_index_service.rb)
to view the metrics that are used. The metrics are represented
as the keys that are passed as a field argument into the `get_value` method.
1. Document the deprecation in the metric's YAML definition. Set
the `status:` attribute to `deprecated`, for example:
```yaml
---
key_path: analytics_unique_visits.analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target_monthly
description: Visits to any of the pages listed above per month
product_section: dev
product_stage: manage
product_group: group::analytics
product_category:
value_type: number
status: deprecated
time_frame: 28d
data_source:
distribution:
- ce
tier:
- free
```
1. Replace the metric's instrumentation with a fixed value. This avoids wasting
resources to calculate the deprecated metric. In
[`lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb)
or
[`ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb),
replace the code that calculates the metric's value with a fixed value that
indicates it's deprecated:
```ruby
module Gitlab
class UsageData
DEPRECATED_VALUE = -1000
def analytics_unique_visits_data
results['analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target'] = redis_usage_data { unique_visit_service.unique_visits_for(targets: :analytics) }
results['analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target_monthly'] = DEPRECATED_VALUE
{ analytics_unique_visits: results }
end
# ...
end
end
```
1. Update the Metrics Dictionary following [guidelines instructions](dictionary.md).
### 4. Remove a metric
Only deprecated metrics can be removed from Service Ping.
For an example of the metric removal process take a look at this [example issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/297029)
To remove a deprecated metric:
1. Verify that removing the metric from the Service Ping payload does not cause
errors in [Version App](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com)
when the updated payload is collected and processed. Version App collects
and persists all Service Ping reports. To do that you can modify
[fixtures](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/spec/support/usage_data_helpers.rb#L540)
used to test
[`UsageDataController#create`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/3760ef28/spec/controllers/usage_data_controller_spec.rb#L75)
endpoint, and assure that test suite does not fail when metric that you wish to remove is not included into test payload.
1. Create an issue in the
[GitLab Data Team project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues).
Ask for confirmation that the metric is not referred to in any SiSense dashboards and
can be safely removed from Service Ping. Use this
[example issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues/7539) for guidance.
This step can be skipped if verification done during [deprecation process](#3-deprecate-a-metric)
reported that metric is not required by any data transformation in Snowflake data warehouse nor it is
used by any of SiSense dashboards.
1. After you verify the metric can be safely removed,
update the attributes of the metric's YAML definition:
- Set the `status:` to `removed`.
- Set `milestone_removed:` to the number of the
milestone in which the metric was removed.
Do not remove the metric's YAML definition altogether. Some self-managed
instances might not immediately update to the latest version of GitLab, and
therefore continue to report the removed metric. The Product Intelligence team
requires a record of all removed metrics in order to identify and filter them.
For example please take a look at this [merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60149/diffs#b01f429a54843feb22265100c0e4fec1b7da1240_10_10).
1. After you verify the metric can be safely removed,
remove the metric's instrumentation from
[`lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb)
or
[`ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb).
For example please take a look at this [merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60149/diffs#6335dc533bd21df26db9de90a02dd66278c2390d_167_167).
1. Remove any other records related to the metric:
- The feature flag YAML file at [`config/feature_flags/*/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/feature_flags).
- The entry in the known events YAML file at [`lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events).
1. Update the Metrics Dictionary following [guidelines instructions](dictionary.md).
## Implementing Service Ping
Service Ping consists of two kinds of data, counters and observations. Counters track how often a certain event
happened over time, such as how many CI pipelines have run. They are monotonic and always trend up.
Observations are facts collected from one or more GitLab instances and can carry arbitrary data. There are no
general guidelines around how to collect those, due to the individual nature of that data.
There are several types of counters which are all found in `usage_data.rb`:
- **Ordinary Batch Counters:** Simple count of a given ActiveRecord_Relation
- **Distinct Batch Counters:** Distinct count of a given ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column
- **Sum Batch Counters:** Sum the values of a given ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column
- **Alternative Counters:** Used for settings and configurations
- **Redis Counters:** Used for in-memory counts.
NOTE:
Only use the provided counter methods. Each counter method contains a built in fail safe to isolate each counter to avoid breaking the entire Service Ping.
### Why batch counting
For large tables, PostgreSQL can take a long time to count rows due to MVCC [(Multi-version Concurrency Control)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiversion_concurrency_control). Batch counting is a counting method where a single large query is broken into multiple smaller queries. For example, instead of a single query querying 1,000,000 records, with batch counting, you can execute 100 queries of 10,000 records each. Batch counting is useful for avoiding database timeouts as each batch query is significantly shorter than one single long running query.
For GitLab.com, there are extremely large tables with 15 second query timeouts, so we use batch counting to avoid encountering timeouts. Here are the sizes of some GitLab.com tables:
| Table | Row counts in millions |
|------------------------------|------------------------|
| `merge_request_diff_commits` | 2280 |
| `ci_build_trace_sections` | 1764 |
| `merge_request_diff_files` | 1082 |
| `events` | 514 |
The following operation methods are available for your use:
- [Ordinary Batch Counters](#ordinary-batch-counters)
- [Distinct Batch Counters](#distinct-batch-counters)
- [Sum Batch Operation](#sum-batch-operation)
- [Add Operation](#add-operation)
- [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters)
Batch counting requires indexes on columns to calculate max, min, and range queries. In some cases,
you may need to add a specialized index on the columns involved in a counter.
### Ordinary Batch Counters
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Simple count of a given `ActiveRecord_Relation`, does a non-distinct batch count, smartly reduces `batch_size`, and handles errors.
Method: `count(relation, column = nil, batch: true, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count
- `column` the column to perform the count on, by default is the primary key
- `batch`: default `true` to use batch counting
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
Examples:
```ruby
count(User.active)
count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id)
count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id, start: ::Clusters::Cluster.minimum(:id), finish: ::Clusters::Cluster.maximum(:id))
```
### Distinct Batch Counters
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Distinct count of a given `ActiveRecord_Relation` on given column, a distinct batch count, smartly reduces `batch_size`, and handles errors.
Method: `distinct_count(relation, column = nil, batch: true, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count
- `column` the column to perform the distinct count, by default is the primary key
- `batch`: default `true` to use batch counting
- `batch_size`: if none set it uses default value 10000 from `Gitlab::Database::BatchCounter`
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
WARNING:
Counting over non-unique columns can lead to performance issues. Take a look at the [iterating tables in batches](../iterating_tables_in_batches.md) guide for more details.
Examples:
```ruby
distinct_count(::Project, :creator_id)
distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::User.minimum(:id), finish: ::User.maximum(:id))
distinct_count(::Clusters::Applications::CertManager.where(time_period).available.joins(:cluster), 'clusters.user_id')
```
### Sum Batch Operation
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Sum the values of a given ActiveRecord_Relation on given column and handles errors.
Method: `sum(relation, column, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the operation
- `column` the column to sum on
- `batch_size`: if none set it uses default value 1000 from `Gitlab::Database::BatchCounter`
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
Examples:
```ruby
sum(JiraImportState.finished, :imported_issues_count)
```
### Grouping & Batch Operations
The `count`, `distinct_count`, and `sum` batch counters can accept an `ActiveRecord::Relation`
object, which groups by a specified column. With a grouped relation, the methods do batch counting,
handle errors, and returns a hash table of key-value pairs.
Examples:
```ruby
count(Namespace.group(:type))
# returns => {nil=>179, "Group"=>54}
distinct_count(Project.group(:visibility_level), :creator_id)
# returns => {0=>1, 10=>1, 20=>11}
sum(Issue.group(:state_id), :weight))
# returns => {1=>3542, 2=>6820}
```
### Add Operation
Handles `StandardError`.
Returns `-1` if any of the arguments are `-1`.
Sum the values given as parameters.
Method: `add(*args)`
Examples
```ruby
project_imports = distinct_count(::Project.where.not(import_type: nil), :creator_id)
bulk_imports = distinct_count(::BulkImport, :user_id)
add(project_imports, bulk_imports)
```
### Estimated Batch Counters
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/48233) in GitLab 13.7.
Estimated batch counter functionality handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` errors
when used through the provided `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method.
Errors return a value of `-1`.
WARNING:
This functionality estimates a distinct count of a specific ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column,
which uses the [HyperLogLog](http://algo.inria.fr/flajolet/Publications/FlFuGaMe07.pdf) algorithm.
As the HyperLogLog algorithm is probabilistic, the **results always include error**.
The highest encountered error rate is 4.9%.
When correctly used, the `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method enables efficient counting over
columns that contain non-unique values, which can not be assured by other counters.
#### estimate_batch_distinct_count method
Method: `estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, column = nil, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
The [method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/usage_data.rb#L63)
includes the following arguments:
- `relation`: The ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count.
- `column`: The column to perform the distinct count. The default is the primary key.
- `batch_size`: From `Gitlab::Database::PostgresHll::BatchDistinctCounter::DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE`. Default value: 10,000.
- `start`: The custom start of the batch count, to avoid complex minimum calculations.
- `finish`: The custom end of the batch count to avoid complex maximum calculations.
The method includes the following prerequisites:
1. The supplied `relation` must include the primary key defined as the numeric column.
For example: `id bigint NOT NULL`.
1. The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` can handle a joined relation. To use its ability to
count non-unique columns, the joined relation **must NOT** have a one-to-many relationship,
such as `has_many :boards`.
1. Both `start` and `finish` arguments should always represent primary key relationship values,
even if the estimated count refers to another column, for example:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note, :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id))
```
Examples:
1. Simple execution of estimated batch counter, with only relation provided,
returned value represents estimated number of unique values in `id` column
(which is the primary key) of `Project` relation:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Project)
```
1. Execution of estimated batch counter, where provided relation has applied
additional filter (`.where(time_period)`), number of unique values estimated
in custom column (`:author_id`), and parameters: `start` and `finish` together
apply boundaries that defines range of provided relation to analyze:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id))
```
1. Execution of estimated batch counter with joined relation (`joins(:cluster)`),
for a custom column (`'clusters.user_id'`):
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Clusters::Applications::CertManager.where(time_period).available.joins(:cluster), 'clusters.user_id')
```
When instrumenting metric with usage of estimated batch counter please add
`_estimated` suffix to its name, for example:
```ruby
"counts": {
"ci_builds_estimated": estimate_batch_distinct_count(Ci::Build),
...
```
### Redis Counters
Handles `::Redis::CommandError` and `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::BaseCounter::UnknownEvent`
returns -1 when a block is sent or hash with all values -1 when a `counter(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters)` is sent
different behavior due to 2 different implementations of Redis counter
Method: `redis_usage_data(counter, &block)`
Arguments:
- `counter`: a counter from `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters`, that has `fallback_totals` method implemented
- or a `block`: which is evaluated
#### Ordinary Redis Counters
Examples of implementation:
- Using Redis methods [`INCR`](https://redis.io/commands/incr), [`GET`](https://redis.io/commands/get), and [`Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/wiki_page_counter.rb)
- Using Redis methods [`HINCRBY`](https://redis.io/commands/hincrby), [`HGETALL`](https://redis.io/commands/hgetall), and [`Gitlab::UsageCounters::PodLogs`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_counters/pod_logs.rb)
##### UsageData API Tracking
<!-- There's nearly identical content in `##### Adding new events`. If you fix errors here, you may need to fix the same errors in the other location. -->
1. Track event using `UsageData` API
Increment event count using ordinary Redis counter, for given event name.
Tracking events using the `UsageData` API requires the `usage_data_api` feature flag to be enabled, which is enabled by default.
API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token.
To be able to increment the values, the related feature `usage_data_<event_name>` should be enabled.
```plaintext
POST /usage_data/increment_counter
```
| Attribute | Type | Required | Description |
| :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- |
| `event` | string | yes | The event name it should be tracked |
Response
- `200` if event was tracked
- `400 Bad request` if event parameter is missing
- `401 Unauthorized` if user is not authenticated
- `403 Forbidden` for invalid CSRF token provided
1. Track events using JavaScript/Vue API helper which calls the API above
Note that `usage_data_api` and `usage_data_#{event_name}` should be enabled to be able to track events
```javascript
import api from '~/api';
api.trackRedisCounterEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'),
```
#### Redis HLL Counters
WARNING:
HyperLogLog (HLL) is a probabilistic algorithm and its **results always includes some small error**. According to [Redis documentation](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount), data from
used HLL implementation is "approximated with a standard error of 0.81%".
With `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter` we have available data structures used to count unique values.
Implemented using Redis methods [PFADD](https://redis.io/commands/pfadd) and [PFCOUNT](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount).
##### Adding new events
1. Define events in [`known_events`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/).
Example event:
```yaml
- name: users_creating_epics
category: epics_usage
redis_slot: users
aggregation: weekly
feature_flag: track_epics_activity
```
Keys:
- `name`: unique event name.
Name format for Redis HLL events `<name>_<redis_slot>`.
[See Metric name](metrics_dictionary.md#metric-name) for a complete guide on metric naming suggestion.
Consider including in the event's name the Redis slot to be able to count totals for a specific category.
Example names: `users_creating_epics`, `users_triggering_security_scans`.
- `category`: event category. Used for getting total counts for events in a category, for easier
access to a group of events.
- `redis_slot`: optional Redis slot. Default value: event name. Only event data that is stored in the same slot
can be aggregated. Ensure keys are in the same slot. For example:
`users_creating_epics` with `redis_slot: 'users'` builds Redis key
`{users}_creating_epics-2020-34`. If `redis_slot` is not defined the Redis key will
be `{users_creating_epics}-2020-34`.
Recommended slots to use are: `users`, `projects`. This is the value we count.
- `expiry`: expiry time in days. Default: 29 days for daily aggregation and 6 weeks for weekly
aggregation.
- `aggregation`: may be set to a `:daily` or `:weekly` key. Defines how counting data is stored in Redis.
Aggregation on a `daily` basis does not pull more fine grained data.
- `feature_flag`: optional `default_enabled: :yaml`. If no feature flag is set then the tracking is enabled. One feature flag can be used for multiple events. For details, see our [GitLab internal Feature flags](../feature_flags/index.md) documentation. The feature flags are owned by the group adding the event tracking.
1. Use one of the following methods to track the event:
- In the controller using the `RedisTracking` module and the following format:
```ruby
track_redis_hll_event(*controller_actions, name:, if: nil, &block)
```
Arguments:
- `controller_actions`: the controller actions to track.
- `name`: the event name.
- `if`: optional custom conditions. Uses the same format as Rails callbacks.
- `&block`: optional block that computes and returns the `custom_id` that we want to track. This overrides the `visitor_id`.
Example:
```ruby
# controller
class ProjectsController < Projects::ApplicationController
include RedisTracking
skip_before_action :authenticate_user!, only: :show
track_redis_hll_event :index, :show, name: 'users_visiting_projects'
def index
render html: 'index'
end
def new
render html: 'new'
end
def show
render html: 'show'
end
end
```
- In the API using the `increment_unique_values(event_name, values)` helper method.
Arguments:
- `event_name`: the event name.
- `values`: the values counted. Can be one value or an array of values.
Example:
```ruby
get ':id/registry/repositories' do
repositories = ContainerRepositoriesFinder.new(
user: current_user, subject: user_group
).execute
increment_unique_values('users_listing_repositories', current_user.id)
present paginate(repositories), with: Entities::ContainerRegistry::Repository, tags: params[:tags], tags_count: params[:tags_count]
end
```
- Using `track_usage_event(event_name, values)` in services and GraphQL.
Increment unique values count using Redis HLL, for a given event name.
Examples:
- [Track usage event for an incident in a service](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/services/issues/update_service.rb#L66)
- [Track usage event for an incident in GraphQL](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/graphql/mutations/alert_management/update_alert_status.rb#L16)
```ruby
track_usage_event(:incident_management_incident_created, current_user.id)
```
- Using the `UsageData` API.
<!-- There's nearly identical content in `##### UsageData API Tracking`. If you find / fix errors here, you may need to fix errors in that section too. -->
Increment unique users count using Redis HLL, for a given event name.
To track events using the `UsageData` API, ensure the `usage_data_api` feature flag
is set to `default_enabled: true`. Enabled by default in GitLab 13.7 and later.
API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token.
```plaintext
POST /usage_data/increment_unique_users
```
| Attribute | Type | Required | Description |
| :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- |
| `event` | string | yes | The event name to track |
Response:
- `200` if the event was tracked, or if tracking failed for any reason.
- `400 Bad request` if an event parameter is missing.
- `401 Unauthorized` if the user is not authenticated.
- `403 Forbidden` if an invalid CSRF token is provided.
- Using the JavaScript/Vue API helper, which calls the `UsageData` API.
To track events using the `UsageData` API, ensure the `usage_data_api` feature flag
is set to `default_enabled: true`. Enabled by default in GitLab 13.7 and later.
Example for an existing event already defined in [known events](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/):
```javascript
import api from '~/api';
api.trackRedisHllUserEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'),
```
1. Get event data using `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names:, start_date:, end_date:, context: '')`.
Arguments:
- `event_names`: the list of event names.
- `start_date`: start date of the period for which we want to get event data.
- `end_date`: end date of the period for which we want to get event data.
- `context`: context of the event. Allowed values are `default`, `free`, `bronze`, `silver`, `gold`, `starter`, `premium`, `ultimate`.
1. Testing tracking and getting unique events
Trigger events in rails console by using `track_event` method
```ruby
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: 1)
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: [2, 3])
```
Next, get the unique events for the current week.
```ruby
# Get unique events for metric for current_week
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_viewing_compliance_audit_events',
start_date: Date.current.beginning_of_week, end_date: Date.current.next_week)
```
##### Recommendations
We have the following recommendations for [Adding new events](#adding-new-events):
- Event aggregation: weekly.
- Key expiry time:
- Daily: 29 days.
- Weekly: 42 days.
- When adding new metrics, use a [feature flag](../../operations/feature_flags.md) to control the impact.
- For feature flags triggered by another service, set `default_enabled: false`,
- Events can be triggered using the `UsageData` API, which helps when there are > 10 events per change
##### Enable/Disable Redis HLL tracking
Events are tracked behind optional [feature flags](../feature_flags/index.md) due to concerns for Redis performance and scalability.
For a full list of events and corresponding feature flags see, [known_events](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/) files.
To enable or disable tracking for specific event in <https://gitlab.com> or <https://about.staging.gitlab.com>, run commands such as the following to
[enable or disable the corresponding feature](../feature_flags/index.md).
```shell
/chatops run feature set <feature_name> true
/chatops run feature set <feature_name> false
```
We can also disable tracking completely by using the global flag:
```shell
/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking true
/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking false
```
##### Known events are added automatically in Service Data payload
All events added in [`known_events/common.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/common.yml) are automatically added to Service Data generation under the `redis_hll_counters` key. This column is stored in [version-app as a JSON](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/db/schema.rb#L209).
For each event we add metrics for the weekly and monthly time frames, and totals for each where applicable:
- `#{event_name}_weekly`: Data for 7 days for daily [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events and data for the last complete week for weekly [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events.
- `#{event_name}_monthly`: Data for 28 days for daily [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events and data for the last 4 complete weeks for weekly [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events.
Redis HLL implementation calculates automatic total metrics, if there are more than one metric for the same category, aggregation, and Redis slot.
- `#{category}_total_unique_counts_weekly`: Total unique counts for events in the same category for the last 7 days or the last complete week, if events are in the same Redis slot and we have more than one metric.
- `#{category}_total_unique_counts_monthly`: Total unique counts for events in same category for the last 28 days or the last 4 complete weeks, if events are in the same Redis slot and we have more than one metric.
Example of `redis_hll_counters` data:
```ruby
{:redis_hll_counters=>
{"compliance"=>
{"users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_monthly"=>0,
"users_viewing_compliance_audit_events_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_audit_events_monthly"=>0,
"compliance_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"compliance_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0},
"analytics"=>
{"users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_monthly"=>0,
"analytics_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"analytics_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0},
"ide_edit"=>
{"users_editing_by_web_ide_weekly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_web_ide_monthly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_sfe_weekly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_sfe_monthly"=>0,
"ide_edit_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"ide_edit_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0}
}
```
Example usage:
```ruby
# Redis Counters
redis_usage_data(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter)
redis_usage_data { ::Gitlab::UsageCounters::PodLogs.usage_totals[:total] }
# Define events in common.yml https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/common.yml
# Tracking events
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_expanding_vulnerabilities', values: visitor_id)
# Get unique events for metric
redis_usage_data { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_expanding_vulnerabilities', start_date: 28.days.ago, end_date: Date.current) }
```
### Alternative Counters
Handles `StandardError` and fallbacks into -1 this way not all measures fail if we encounter one exception.
Mainly used for settings and configurations.
Method: `alt_usage_data(value = nil, fallback: -1, &block)`
Arguments:
- `value`: a simple static value in which case the value is simply returned.
- or a `block`: which is evaluated
- `fallback: -1`: the common value used for any metrics that are failing.
Usage:
```ruby
alt_usage_data { Gitlab::VERSION }
alt_usage_data { Gitlab::CurrentSettings.uuid }
alt_usage_data(999)
```
### Adding counters to build new metrics
When adding the results of two counters, use the `add` Service Data method that
handles fallback values and exceptions. It also generates a valid [SQL export](#exporting-service-ping-sql-queries-and-definitions).
Example usage:
```ruby
add(User.active, User.bot)
```
### Prometheus Queries
In those cases where operational metrics should be part of Service Ping, a database or Redis query is unlikely
to provide useful data. Instead, Prometheus might be more appropriate, because most GitLab architectural
components publish metrics to it that can be queried back, aggregated, and included as Service Data.
NOTE:
Prometheus as a data source for Service Ping is currently only available for single-node Omnibus installations
that are running the [bundled Prometheus](../../administration/monitoring/prometheus/index.md) instance.
To query Prometheus for metrics, a helper method is available to `yield` a fully configured
`PrometheusClient`, given it is available as per the note above:
```ruby
with_prometheus_client do |client|
response = client.query('<your query>')
...
end
```
Please refer to [the `PrometheusClient` definition](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/prometheus_client.rb)
for how to use its API to query for data.
### Fallback values for UsagePing
We return fallback values in these cases:
| Case | Value |
|-----------------------------|-------|
| Deprecated Metric | -1000 |
| Timeouts, general failures | -1 |
| Standard errors in counters | -2 |
## Developing and testing Service Ping
### 1. Naming and placing the metrics
Add the metric in one of the top level keys
- `settings`: for settings related metrics.
- `counts_weekly`: for counters that have data for the most recent 7 days.
- `counts_monthly`: for counters that have data for the most recent 28 days.
- `counts`: for counters that have data for all time.
### 2. Use your Rails console to manually test counters
```ruby
# count
Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active)
Gitlab::UsageData.count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id)
# count distinct
Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Project, :creator_id)
Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::User.minimum(:id), finish: ::User.maximum(:id))
```
### 3. Generate the SQL query
Your Rails console returns the generated SQL queries.
Example:
```ruby
pry(main)> Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active)
(2.6ms) SELECT "features"."key" FROM "features"
(15.3ms) SELECT MIN("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4))
(2.4ms) SELECT MAX("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4))
(1.9ms) SELECT COUNT("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4)) AND "users"."id" BETWEEN 1 AND 100000
```
### 4. Optimize queries with #database-lab
Paste the SQL query into `#database-lab` to see how the query performs at scale.
- `#database-lab` is a Slack channel which uses a production-sized environment to test your queries.
- GitLab.com's production database has a 15 second timeout.
- Any single query must stay below [1 second execution time](../query_performance.md#timing-guidelines-for-queries) with cold caches.
- Add a specialized index on columns involved to reduce the execution time.
To have an understanding of the query's execution we add in the MR description the following information:
- For counters that have a `time_period` test we add information for both cases:
- `time_period = {}` for all time periods
- `time_period = { created_at: 28.days.ago..Time.current }` for last 28 days period
- Execution plan and query time before and after optimization
- Query generated for the index and time
- Migration output for up and down execution
We also use `#database-lab` and [explain.depesz.com](https://explain.depesz.com/). For more details, see the [database review guide](../database_review.md#preparation-when-adding-or-modifying-queries).
#### Optimization recommendations and examples
- Use specialized indexes [example 1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26871), [example 2](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26445).
- Use defined `start` and `finish`, and simple queries. These values can be memoized and reused, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/37155).
- Avoid joins and write the queries as simply as possible, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/36316).
- Set a custom `batch_size` for `distinct_count`, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/38000).
### 5. Add the metric definition
[Check Metrics Dictionary Guide](metrics_dictionary.md)
When adding, updating, or removing metrics, please update the [Metrics Dictionary](dictionary.md).
### 6. Add new metric to Versions Application
Check if new metrics need to be added to the Versions Application. See `usage_data` [schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/db/schema.rb#L147) and Service Data [parameters accepted](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/app/services/usage_ping.rb). Any metrics added under the `counts` key are saved in the `stats` column.
### 7. Add the feature label
Add the `feature` label to the Merge Request for new Service Ping metrics. These are user-facing changes and are part of expanding the Service Ping feature.
### 8. Add a changelog
Ensure you comply with the [Changelog entries guide](../changelog.md).
### 9. Ask for a Product Intelligence Review
On GitLab.com, we have DangerBot set up to monitor Product Intelligence related files and DangerBot recommends a [Product Intelligence review](review_guidelines.md).
### 10. Verify your metric
On GitLab.com, the Product Intelligence team regularly [monitors Service Ping](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/6000).
They may alert you that your metrics need further optimization to run quicker and with greater success.
The Service Ping JSON payload for GitLab.com is shared in the
[#g_product_intelligence](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/CL3A7GFPF) Slack channel every week.
You may also use the [Service Ping QA dashboard](https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/632033/Usage-Ping-QA) to check how well your metric performs. The dashboard allows filtering by GitLab version, by "Self-managed" & "SaaS" and shows you how many failures have occurred for each metric. Whenever you notice a high failure rate, you may re-optimize your metric.
### Service Ping local setup
To set up Service Ping locally, you must:
1. [Set up local repositories](#set-up-local-repositories).
1. [Test local setup](#test-local-setup).
1. (Optional) [Test Prometheus-based Service Ping](#test-prometheus-based-service-ping).
#### Set up local repositories
1. Clone and start [GitLab](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit).
1. Clone and start [Versions Application](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com).
Make sure to run `docker-compose up` to start a PostgreSQL and Redis instance.
1. Point GitLab to the Versions Application endpoint instead of the default endpoint:
1. Open [submit_usage_ping_service.rb](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L4) in your local and modified `PRODUCTION_URL`.
1. Set it to the local Versions Application URL `http://localhost:3000/usage_data`.
#### Test local setup
1. Using the `gitlab` Rails console, manually trigger Service Ping:
```ruby
ServicePing::SubmitService.new.execute
```
1. Use the `versions` Rails console to check the Service Ping was successfully received,
parsed, and stored in the Versions database:
```ruby
UsageData.last
```
### Test Prometheus-based Service Ping
If the data submitted includes metrics [queried from Prometheus](#prometheus-queries)
you want to inspect and verify, you must:
- Ensure that a Prometheus server is running locally.
- Ensure the respective GitLab components are exporting metrics to the Prometheus server.
If you do not need to test data coming from Prometheus, no further action
is necessary. Service Ping should degrade gracefully in the absence of a running Prometheus server.
Three kinds of components may export data to Prometheus, and are included in Service Ping:
- [`node_exporter`](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter): Exports node metrics
from the host machine.
- [`gitlab-exporter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-exporter): Exports process metrics
from various GitLab components.
- Other various GitLab services, such as Sidekiq and the Rails server, which export their own metrics.
#### Test with an Omnibus container
This is the recommended approach to test Prometheus based Service Ping.
The easiest way to verify your changes is to build a new Omnibus image from your code branch by using CI, then download the image
and run a local container instance:
1. From your merge request, click on the `qa` stage, then trigger the `package-and-qa` job. This job triggers an Omnibus
build in a [downstream pipeline of the `omnibus-gitlab-mirror` project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/-/pipelines).
1. In the downstream pipeline, wait for the `gitlab-docker` job to finish.
1. Open the job logs and locate the full container name including the version. It takes the following form: `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>`.
1. On your local machine, make sure you are signed in to the GitLab Docker registry. You can find the instructions for this in
[Authenticate to the GitLab Container Registry](../../user/packages/container_registry/index.md#authenticate-with-the-container-registry).
1. Once signed in, download the new image by using `docker pull registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>`
1. For more information about working with and running Omnibus GitLab containers in Docker, please refer to [GitLab Docker images](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/docker/README.html) in the Omnibus documentation.
#### Test with GitLab development toolkits
This is the less recommended approach, because it comes with a number of difficulties when emulating a real GitLab deployment.
The [GDK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit) is not set up to run a Prometheus server or `node_exporter` alongside other GitLab components. If you would
like to do so, [Monitoring the GDK with Prometheus](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/-/blob/main/doc/howto/prometheus/index.md#monitoring-the-gdk-with-prometheus) is a good start.
The [GCK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-compose-kit) has limited support for testing Prometheus based Service Ping.
By default, it already comes with a fully configured Prometheus service that is set up to scrape a number of components,
but with the following limitations:
- It does not run a `gitlab-exporter` instance, so several `process_*` metrics from services such as Gitaly may be missing.
- While it runs a `node_exporter`, `docker-compose` services emulate hosts, meaning that it would normally report itself to not be associated
with any of the other services that are running. That is not how node metrics are reported in a production setup, where `node_exporter`
always runs as a process alongside other GitLab components on any given node. From Service Ping's perspective none of the node data would therefore
appear to be associated to any of the services running, because they all appear to be running on different hosts. To alleviate this problem, the `node_exporter` in GCK was arbitrarily "assigned" to the `web` service, meaning only for this service `node_*` metrics appears in Service Ping.
## Aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6.
WARNING:
This feature is intended solely for internal GitLab use.
To add data for aggregated metrics into Service Ping payload you should add corresponding definition at [`config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/) for metrics available at Community Edition and at [`ee/config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/config/metrics/aggregates/) for Enterprise Edition ones.
Each aggregate definition includes following parts:
- `name`: Unique name under which the aggregate metric is added to the Service Ping payload.
- `operator`: Operator that defines how the aggregated metric data is counted. Available operators are:
- `OR`: Removes duplicates and counts all entries that triggered any of listed events.
- `AND`: Removes duplicates and counts all elements that were observed triggering all of following events.
- `time_frame`: One or more valid time frames. Use these to limit the data included in aggregated metric to events within a specific date-range. Valid time frames are:
- `7d`: Last seven days of data.
- `28d`: Last twenty eight days of data.
- `all`: All historical data, only available for `database` sourced aggregated metrics.
- `source`: Data source used to collect all events data included in aggregated metric. Valid data sources are:
- [`database`](#database-sourced-aggregated-metrics)
- [`redis`](#redis-sourced-aggregated-metrics)
- `events`: list of events names to aggregate into metric. All events in this list must
relay on the same data source. Additional data source requirements are described in the
[Database sourced aggregated metrics](#database-sourced-aggregated-metrics) and
[Redis sourced aggregated metrics](#redis-sourced-aggregated-metrics) sections.
- `feature_flag`: Name of [development feature flag](../feature_flags/index.md#development-type)
that is checked before metrics aggregation is performed. Corresponding feature flag
should have `default_enabled` attribute set to `false`. The `feature_flag` attribute
is optional and can be omitted. When `feature_flag` is missing, no feature flag is checked.
Example aggregated metric entries:
```yaml
- name: example_metrics_union
operator: OR
events:
- 'users_expanding_secure_security_report'
- 'users_expanding_testing_code_quality_report'
- 'users_expanding_testing_accessibility_report'
source: redis
time_frame:
- 7d
- 28d
- name: example_metrics_intersection
operator: AND
source: database
time_frame:
- 28d
- all
events:
- 'dependency_scanning_pipeline_all_time'
- 'container_scanning_pipeline_all_time'
feature_flag: example_aggregated_metric
```
Aggregated metrics collected in `7d` and `28d` time frames are added into Service Ping payload under the `aggregated_metrics` sub-key in the `counts_weekly` and `counts_monthly` top level keys.
```ruby
{
:counts_monthly => {
:deployments => 1003,
:successful_deployments => 78,
:failed_deployments => 275,
:packages => 155,
:personal_snippets => 2106,
:project_snippets => 407,
:promoted_issues => 719,
:aggregated_metrics => {
:example_metrics_union => 7,
:example_metrics_intersection => 2
},
:snippets => 2513
}
}
```
Aggregated metrics for `all` time frame are present in the `count` top level key, with the `aggregate_` prefix added to their name.
For example:
`example_metrics_intersection`
Becomes:
`counts.aggregate_example_metrics_intersection`
```ruby
{
:counts => {
:deployments => 11003,
:successful_deployments => 178,
:failed_deployments => 1275,
:aggregate_example_metrics_intersection => 12
}
}
```
### Redis sourced aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6.
To declare the aggregate of events collected with [Redis HLL Counters](#redis-hll-counters),
you must fulfill the following requirements:
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must come from
[`known_events/*.yml`](#known-events-are-added-automatically-in-service-data-payload) files.
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must have the same `redis_slot` attribute.
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must have the same `aggregation` attribute.
1. `time_frame` does not include `all` value, which is unavailable for Redis sourced aggregated metrics.
### Database sourced aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/52784) in GitLab 13.9.
> - It's [deployed behind a feature flag](../../user/feature_flags.md), disabled by default.
> - It's enabled on GitLab.com.
To declare an aggregate of metrics based on events collected from database, follow
these steps:
1. [Persist the metrics for aggregation](#persist-metrics-for-aggregation).
1. [Add new aggregated metric definition](#add-new-aggregated-metric-definition).
#### Persist metrics for aggregation
Only metrics calculated with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters)
can be persisted for database sourced aggregated metrics. To persist a metric,
inject a Ruby block into the
[estimate_batch_distinct_count](#estimate_batch_distinct_count-method) method.
This block should invoke the
`Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics`
[method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/aggregates/sources/postgres_hll.rb#L21),
which stores `estimate_batch_distinct_count` results for future use in aggregated metrics.
The `Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics`
method accepts the following arguments:
- `metric_name`: The name of metric to use for aggregations. Should be the same
as the key under which the metric is added into Service Ping.
- `recorded_at_timestamp`: The timestamp representing the moment when a given
Service Ping payload was collected. You should use the convenience method `recorded_at`
to fill `recorded_at_timestamp` argument, like this: `recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at`
- `time_period`: The time period used to build the `relation` argument passed into
`estimate_batch_distinct_count`. To collect the metric with all available historical
data, set a `nil` value as time period: `time_period: nil`.
- `data`: HyperLogLog buckets structure representing unique entries in `relation`.
The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method always passes the correct argument
into the block, so `data` argument must always have a value equal to block argument,
like this: `data: result`
Example metrics persistence:
```ruby
class UsageData
def count_secure_pipelines(time_period)
...
relation = ::Security::Scan.latest_successful_by_build.by_scan_types(scan_type).where(security_scans: time_period)
pipelines_with_secure_jobs['dependency_scanning_pipeline'] = estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, :commit_id, batch_size: 1000, start: start_id, finish: finish_id) do |result|
::Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll
.save_aggregated_metrics(metric_name: 'dependency_scanning_pipeline', recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at, time_period: time_period, data: result)
end
end
end
```
#### Add new aggregated metric definition
After all metrics are persisted, you can add an aggregated metric definition at
[`aggregated_metrics/`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/).
To declare the aggregate of metrics collected with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters),
you must fulfill the following requirements:
- Metrics names listed in the `events:` attribute, have to use the same names you passed in the `metric_name` argument while persisting metrics in previous step.
- Every metric listed in the `events:` attribute, has to be persisted for **every** selected `time_frame:` value.
Example definition:
```yaml
- name: example_metrics_intersection_database_sourced
operator: AND
source: database
events:
- 'dependency_scanning_pipeline'
- 'container_scanning_pipeline'
time_frame:
- 28d
- all
```
## Example Service Ping payload
The following is example content of the Service Ping payload.
```json
{
"uuid": "0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
"hostname": "example.com",
"version": "12.10.0-pre",
"installation_type": "omnibus-gitlab",
"active_user_count": 999,
"recorded_at": "2020-04-17T07:43:54.162+00:00",
"edition": "EEU",
"license_md5": "00000000000000000000000000000000",
"license_id": null,
"historical_max_users": 999,
"licensee": {
"Name": "ABC, Inc.",
"Email": "email@example.com",
"Company": "ABC, Inc."
},
"license_user_count": 999,
"license_starts_at": "2020-01-01",
"license_expires_at": "2021-01-01",
"license_plan": "ultimate",
"license_add_ons": {
},
"license_trial": false,
"counts": {
"assignee_lists": 999,
"boards": 999,
"ci_builds": 999,
...
},
"container_registry_enabled": true,
"dependency_proxy_enabled": false,
"gitlab_shared_runners_enabled": true,
"gravatar_enabled": true,
"influxdb_metrics_enabled": true,
"ldap_enabled": false,
"mattermost_enabled": false,
"omniauth_enabled": true,
"prometheus_enabled": false,
"prometheus_metrics_enabled": false,
"reply_by_email_enabled": "incoming+%{key}@incoming.gitlab.com",
"signup_enabled": true,
"web_ide_clientside_preview_enabled": true,
"projects_with_expiration_policy_disabled": 999,
"projects_with_expiration_policy_enabled": 999,
...
"elasticsearch_enabled": true,
"license_trial_ends_on": null,
"geo_enabled": false,
"git": {
"version": {
"major": 2,
"minor": 26,
"patch": 1
}
},
"gitaly": {
"version": "12.10.0-rc1-93-g40980d40",
"servers": 56,
"clusters": 14,
"filesystems": [
"EXT_2_3_4"
]
},
"gitlab_pages": {
"enabled": true,
"version": "1.17.0"
},
"container_registry_server": {
"vendor": "gitlab",
"version": "2.9.1-gitlab"
},
"database": {
"adapter": "postgresql",
"version": "9.6.15",
"pg_system_id": 6842684531675334351
},
"analytics_unique_visits": {
"g_analytics_contribution": 999,
...
},
"usage_activity_by_stage": {
"configure": {
"project_clusters_enabled": 999,
...
},
"create": {
"merge_requests": 999,
...
},
"manage": {
"events": 999,
...
},
"monitor": {
"clusters": 999,
...
},
"package": {
"projects_with_packages": 999
},
"plan": {
"issues": 999,
...
},
"release": {
"deployments": 999,
...
},
"secure": {
"user_container_scanning_jobs": 999,
...
},
"verify": {
"ci_builds": 999,
...
}
},
"usage_activity_by_stage_monthly": {
"configure": {
"project_clusters_enabled": 999,
...
},
"create": {
"merge_requests": 999,
...
},
"manage": {
"events": 999,
...
},
"monitor": {
"clusters": 999,
...
},
"package": {
"projects_with_packages": 999
},
"plan": {
"issues": 999,
...
},
"release": {
"deployments": 999,
...
},
"secure": {
"user_container_scanning_jobs": 999,
...
},
"verify": {
"ci_builds": 999,
...
}
},
"topology": {
"duration_s": 0.013836685999194742,
"application_requests_per_hour": 4224,
"query_apdex_weekly_average": 0.996,
"failures": [],
"nodes": [
{
"node_memory_total_bytes": 33269903360,
"node_memory_utilization": 0.35,
"node_cpus": 16,
"node_cpu_utilization": 0.2,
"node_uname_info": {
"machine": "x86_64",
"sysname": "Linux",
"release": "4.19.76-linuxkit"
},
"node_services": [
{
"name": "web",
"process_count": 16,
"process_memory_pss": 233349888,
"process_memory_rss": 788220927,
"process_memory_uss": 195295487,
"server": "puma"
},
{
"name": "sidekiq",
"process_count": 1,
"process_memory_pss": 734080000,
"process_memory_rss": 750051328,
"process_memory_uss": 731533312
},
...
],
...
},
...
]
}
}
```
## Notable changes
In GitLab 13.5, `pg_system_id` was added to send the [PostgreSQL system identifier](https://www.2ndquadrant.com/en/blog/support-for-postgresqls-system-identifier-in-barman/).
## Exporting Service Ping SQL queries and definitions
Two Rake tasks exist to export Service Ping definitions.
- The Rake tasks export the raw SQL queries for `count`, `distinct_count`, `sum`.
- The Rake tasks export the Redis counter class or the line of the Redis block for `redis_usage_data`.
- The Rake tasks calculate the `alt_usage_data` metrics.
In the home directory of your local GitLab installation run the following Rake tasks for the YAML and JSON versions respectively:
```shell
# for YAML export
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_yaml
# for JSON export
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_json
# You may pipe the output into a file
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_yaml > ~/Desktop/usage-metrics-2020-09-02.yaml
```
## Generating and troubleshooting Service Ping
This activity is to be done via a detached screen session on a remote server.
Before you begin these steps, make sure the key is added to the SSH agent locally
with the `ssh-add` command.
### Triggering
1. Connect to bastion with agent forwarding: `$ ssh -A lb-bastion.gprd.gitlab.com`
1. Create named screen: `$ screen -S <username>_usage_ping_<date>`
1. Connect to console host: `$ ssh $USER-rails@console-01-sv-gprd.c.gitlab-production.internal`
1. Run `SubmitUsagePingService.new.execute`
1. Detach from screen: `ctrl + a, ctrl + d`
1. Exit from bastion: `$ exit`
### Verification (After approx 30 hours)
1. Reconnect to bastion: `$ ssh -A lb-bastion.gprd.gitlab.com`
1. Find your screen session: `$ screen -ls`
1. Attach to your screen session: `$ screen -x 14226.mwawrzyniak_usage_ping_2021_01_22`
1. Check the last payload in `raw_usage_data` table: `RawUsageData.last.payload`
1. Check the when the payload was sent: `RawUsageData.last.sent_at`
## Troubleshooting
### Cannot disable Service Ping using the configuration file
The method to disable Service Ping using the GitLab configuration file does not work in
GitLab versions 9.3.0 to 13.12.3. To disable it, you need to use the Admin Area in
the GitLab UI instead. For more information, see
[this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/333269).
GitLab functionality and application settings cannot override or circumvent
restrictions at the network layer. If Service Ping is blocked by your firewall,
you are not impacted by this bug.
#### Check if you are affected
You can check if you were affected by this bug by using the Admin area or by
checking the configuration file of your GitLab instance:
- Using the Admin area:
1. On the top bar, go to the admin area (**{admin}**).
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand **Usage Statistics**.
1. Are you able to check/uncheck the checkbox to disable Service Ping?
- If _yes_, your GitLab instance is not affected by this bug.
- If you can't check/uncheck the checkbox, you are affected by this bug.
Read below [how to fix this](#how-to-fix-the-cannot-disable-service-ping-bug).
- Checking your GitLab instance configuration file:
To check whether you're impacted by this bug, check your instance configuration
settings. The configuration file in which Service Ping can be disabled will depend
on your installation and deployment method, but it will typically be one of the following:
- `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` for Omnibus GitLab Linux Package and Docker.
- `charts.yaml` for GitLab Helm and cloud-native Kubernetes deployments.
- `gitlab.yml` for GitLab installations from source.
To check the relevant configuration file for strings that indicate whether
Service Ping is disabled, you can use `grep`:
```shell
# Linux package
grep "usage_ping_enabled'\] = false" /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
# Kubernetes charts
grep "enableUsagePing: false" values.yaml
# From source
grep "usage_ping_enabled'\] = false" gitlab/config.yml
```
If you see any output after running the relevant command, your GitLab instance
may be affected by the bug. Otherwise, your instance is not affected.
#### How to fix the "Cannot disable Service Ping" bug
To work around this bug, you have two options:
- [Update](../../update/index.md) to GitLab 13.12.4 or newer to fix this bug.
- If you can't update to GitLab 13.12.4 or newer, enable Service Ping in the
configuration file, then disable Service Ping in the UI. For example, if you're
using the Linux package:
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
```ruby
gitlab_rails['usage_ping_enabled'] = true
```
1. Reconfigure GitLab:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
1. In GitLab, on the top bar, go to the admin area (**{admin}**).
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand **Usage Statistics**.
1. Clear the **Enable service ping** checkbox.
1. Select **Save Changes**.
doc/development/service_ping/metrics_dictionary.md 0 → 100644
View file @ e66d4614
---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
---
# Metrics Dictionary Guide
This guide describes Metrics Dictionary and how it's implemented
## Metrics Definition and validation
We are using [JSON Schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json) to validate the metrics definition.
This process is meant to ensure consistent and valid metrics defined for Service Ping. All metrics *must*:
- Comply with the defined [JSON schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json).
- Have a unique `key_path` .
- Have an owner.
All metrics are stored in YAML files:
- [`config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/metrics)
Each metric is defined in a separate YAML file consisting of a number of fields:
| Field | Required | Additional information |
|---------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| `key_path` | yes | JSON key path for the metric, location in Service Ping payload. |
| `name` | no | Metric name suggestion. Can replace the last part of `key_path`. |
| `description` | yes | |
| `product_section` | yes | The [section](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/data/sections.yml). |
| `product_stage` | no | The [stage](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml) for the metric. |
| `product_group` | yes | The [group](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml) that owns the metric. |
| `product_category` | no | The [product category](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/categories.yml) for the metric. |
| `value_type` | yes | `string`; one of [`string`, `number`, `boolean`, `object`](https://json-schema.org/understanding-json-schema/reference/type.html). |
| `status` | yes | `string`; [status](#metric-statuses) of the metric, may be set to `data_available`, `implemented`, `not_used`, `deprecated`, `removed`, `broken`. |
| `time_frame` | yes | `string`; may be set to a value like `7d`, `28d`, `all`, `none`. |
| `data_source` | yes | `string`; may be set to a value like `database`, `redis`, `redis_hll`, `prometheus`, `system`. |
| `data_category` | yes | `string`; [categories](#data-category) of the metric, may be set to `Operational`, `Optional`, `Subscription`, `Standard`. |
| `instrumentation_class` | no | `string`; [the class that implements the metric](metrics_instrumentation.md). |
| `distribution` | yes | `array`; may be set to one of `ce, ee` or `ee`. The [distribution](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/marketing/strategic-marketing/tiers/#definitions) where the tracked feature is available. |
| `tier` | yes | `array`; may be set to one of `free, premium, ultimate`, `premium, ultimate` or `ultimate`. The [tier]( https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/marketing/strategic-marketing/tiers/) where the tracked feature is available. |
| `milestone` | no | The milestone when the metric is introduced. |
| `milestone_removed` | no | The milestone when the metric is removed. |
| `introduced_by_url` | no | The URL to the Merge Request that introduced the metric. |
| `repair_issue_url` | no | The URL of the issue that was created to repair a metric with a `broken` status. |
| `options` | no | `object`: options information needed to calculate the metric value. |
| `skip_validation` | no | This should **not** be set. [Used for imported metrics until we review, update and make them valid](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/5425). |
### Metric statuses
Metric definitions can have one of the following statuses:
- `data_available`: Metric data is available and used in a Sisense dashboard.
- `implemented`: Metric is implemented but data is not yet available. This is a temporary
status for newly added metrics awaiting inclusion in a new release.
- `broken`: Metric reports broken data (for example, -1 fallback), or does not report data at all. A metric marked as `broken` must also have the `repair_issue_url` attribute.
- `not_used`: Metric is not used in any dashboard.
- `deprecated`: Metric is deprecated and possibly planned to be removed.
- `removed`: Metric was removed, but it may appear in Service Ping payloads sent from instances running on older versions of GitLab.
### Metric value_type
Metric definitions can have one of the following values for `value_type`:
- `boolean`
- `number`
- `string`
- `object`: A metric with `value_type: object` must have `value_json_schema` with a link to the JSON schema for the object.
In general, we avoid complex objects and prefer one of the `boolean`, `number`, or `string` value types.
An example of a metric that uses `value_type: object` is `topology` (`/config/metrics/settings/20210323120839_topology.yml`),
which has a related schema in `/config/metrics/objects_schemas/topology_schema.json`.
### Metric time_frame
- `7d`: The metric data applies to the most recent 7-day interval. For example, the following metric counts the number of users that create epics over a 7-day interval: `ee/config/metrics/counts_7d/20210305145820_g_product_planning_epic_created_weekly.yml`.
- `28d`: The metric data applies to the most recent 28-day interval. For example, the following metric counts the number of unique users that create issues over a 28-day interval: `config/metrics/counts_28d/20210216181139_issues.yml`.
- `all`: The metric data applies for the whole time the metric has been active (all-time interval). For example, the following metric counts all users that create issues: `/config/metrics/counts_all/20210216181115_issues.yml`.
- `none`: The metric collects a type of data that's not tracked over time, such as settings and configuration information. Therefore, a time interval is not applicable. For example, `uuid` has no time interval applicable: `config/metrics/license/20210201124933_uuid.yml`.
### Metric name
To improve metric discoverability by a wider audience, each metric with
instrumentation added at an appointed `key_path` receives a `name` attribute
filled with the name suggestion, corresponding to the metric `data_source` and instrumentation.
Metric name suggestions can contain two types of elements:
1. **User input prompts**: Enclosed by `<>`, these pieces should be replaced or
removed when you create a metrics YAML file.
1. **Fixed suggestion**: Plaintext parts generated according to well-defined algorithms.
They are based on underlying instrumentation, and should not be changed.
For a metric name to be valid, it must not include any prompt, and no fixed suggestions
should be changed.
### Data category
We use the following categories to classify a metric:
- `Operational`: Required data for operational purposes.
- `Optional`: Data that is optional to collect. This can be [enabled or disabled](../service_ping/index.md#disable-service-ping) in the Admin Area.
- `Subscription`: Data related to licensing.
- `Standard`: Standard set of identifiers that are included when collecting data.
### Metric name suggestion examples
#### Metric with `data_source: database`
For a metric instrumented with SQL:
```sql
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) FROM clusters WHERE clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL
```
- **Suggested name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_<adjective describing: '(clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL)'>_clusters`
- **Prompt**: `<adjective describing: '(clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL)'>`
should be replaced with an adjective that best represents filter conditions, such as `project_management`
- **Final metric name**: For example, `count_distinct_user_id_from_project_management_clusters`
For metric instrumented with SQL:
```sql
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT clusters.user_id)
FROM clusters_applications_helm
INNER JOIN clusters ON clusters.id = clusters_applications_helm.cluster_id
WHERE clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5)
```
- **Suggested name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>_clusters_<with>_<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>_clusters_applications_helm`
- **Prompt**: `<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>`
should be replaced with an adjective that best represents filter conditions
- **Final metric name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_clusters_with_available_clusters_applications_helm`
In the previous example, the prompt is irrelevant, and user can remove it. The second
occurrence corresponds with the `available` scope defined in `Clusters::Concerns::ApplicationStatus`.
It can be used as the right adjective to replace prompt.
The `<with>` represents a suggested conjunction for the suggested name of the joined relation.
The person documenting the metric can use it by either:
- Removing the surrounding `<>`.
- Using a different conjunction, such as `having` or `including`.
#### Metric with `data_source: redis` or `redis_hll`
For metrics instrumented with a Redis-based counter, the suggested name includes
only the single prompt to be replaced by the person working with metrics YAML.
- **Prompt**: `<please fill metric name, suggested format is: {subject}_{verb}{ing|ed}_{object} eg: users_creating_epics or merge_requests_viewed_in_single_file_mode>`
- **Final metric name**: We suggest the metric name should follow the format of
`{subject}_{verb}{ing|ed}_{object}`, such as `user_creating_epics`, `users_triggering_security_scans`,
or `merge_requests_viewed_in_single_file_mode`
#### Metric with `data_source: prometheus` or `system`
For metrics instrumented with Prometheus or coming from the operating system,
the suggested name includes only the single prompt by person working with metrics YAML.
- **Prompt**: `<please fill metric name>`
- **Final metric name**: Due to the variety of cases that can apply to this kind of metric,
no naming convention exists. Each person instrumenting a metric should use their
best judgment to come up with a descriptive name.
### Example YAML metric definition
The linked [`uuid`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/license/uuid.yml)
YAML file includes an example metric definition, where the `uuid` metric is the GitLab
instance unique identifier.
```yaml
key_path: uuid
description: GitLab instance unique identifier
product_category: collection
product_section: growth
product_stage: growth
product_group: group::product intelligence
value_type: string
status: data_available
milestone: 9.1
introduced_by_url: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/1521
time_frame: none
data_source: database
distribution:
- ce
- ee
tier:
- free
- premium
- ultimate
```
## Create a new metric definition
The GitLab codebase provides a dedicated [generator](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_definition_generator.rb) to create new metric definitions.
For uniqueness, the generated file includes a timestamp prefix, in ISO 8601 format.
The generator takes the key path argument and 2 options and creates the metric YAML definition in corresponding location:
- `--ee`, `--no-ee` Indicates if metric is for EE.
- `--dir=DIR` indicates the metric directory. It must be one of: `counts_7d`, `7d`, `counts_28d`, `28d`, `counts_all`, `all`, `settings`, `license`.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition counts.issues --dir=7d
create config/metrics/counts_7d/issues.yml
```
NOTE:
To create a metric definition used in EE, add the `--ee` flag.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition counts.issues --ee --dir=7d
create ee/config/metrics/counts_7d/issues.yml
```
## Metrics added dynamic to Service Ping payload
The [Redis HLL metrics](index.md#known-events-are-added-automatically-in-service-data-payload) are added automatically to Service Ping payload.
A YAML metric definition is required for each metric. A dedicated generator is provided to create metric definitions for Redis HLL events.
The generator takes `category` and `event` arguments, as the root key will be `redis_hll_counters`, and creates two metric definitions for weekly and monthly timeframes:
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition:redis_hll issues i_closed
create config/metrics/counts_7d/i_closed_weekly.yml
create config/metrics/counts_28d/i_closed_monthly.yml
```
To create a metric definition used in EE, add the `--ee` flag.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition:redis_hll issues users_closing_issues --ee
create config/metrics/counts_7d/i_closed_weekly.yml
create config/metrics/counts_28d/i_closed_monthly.yml
```
doc/development/service_ping/metrics_instrumentation.md 0 → 100644
View file @ e66d4614
---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
---
# Metrics instrumentation guide
This guide describes how to develop Service Ping metrics using metrics instrumentation.
## Nomenclature
- **Instrumentation class**:
- Inherits one of the metric classes: `DatabaseMetric`, `RedisHLLMetric` or `GenericMetric`.
- Implements the logic that calculates the value for a Service Ping metric.
- **Metric definition**
The Service Data metric YAML definition.
- **Hardening**:
Hardening a method is the process that ensures the method fails safe, returning a fallback value like -1.
## How it works
A metric definition has the [`instrumentation_class`](metrics_dictionary.md) field, which can be set to a class.
The defined instrumentation class should have one of the existing metric classes: `DatabaseMetric`, `RedisHLLMetric`, or `GenericMetric`.
Using the instrumentation classes ensures that metrics can fail safe individually, without breaking the entire
process of Service Ping generation.
We have built a domain-specific language (DSL) to define the metrics instrumentation.
## Database metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a database metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60022).
```ruby
module Gitlab
module Usage
module Metrics
module Instrumentations
class CountBoardsMetric < DatabaseMetric
operation :count
relation { Board }
end
end
end
end
end
```
## Redis HyperLogLog metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a `RedisHLL` metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/61685).
Count unique values for `i_quickactions_approve` event.
```yaml
time_frame: 28d
data_source: redis_hll
instrumentation_class: 'Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Instrumentations::RedisHLLMetric'
options:
events:
- i_quickactions_approve
```
## Generic metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a generic metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60256).
```ruby
module Gitlab
module Usage
module Metrics
module Instrumentations
class UuidMetric < GenericMetric
value do
Gitlab::CurrentSettings.uuid
end
end
end
end
end
end
```
## Creating a new metric instrumentation class
To create a stub instrumentation for a Service Ping metric, you can use a dedicated [generator](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_generator.rb):
The generator takes the class name as an argument and the following options:
- `--type=TYPE` Required. Indicates the metric type. It must be one of: `database`, `generic`, `redis_hll`.
- `--ee` Indicates if the metric is for EE.
```shell
rails generate gitlab:usage_metric CountIssues --type database
create lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/instrumentations/count_issues_metric.rb
create spec/lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/instrumentations/count_issues_metric_spec.rb
```
doc/development/service_ping/review_guidelines.md 0 → 100644
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---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
---
# Service Ping review guidelines
This page includes introductory material for a
[Product Intelligence](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/development/growth/product-intelligence/)
review, and is specific to Service Ping related reviews. For broader advice and
general best practices for code reviews, refer to our [code review guide](../code_review.md).
## Resources for reviewers
- [Service Ping Guide](index.md)
- [Metrics Dictionary](metrics_dictionary.md)
## Review process
We recommend a Product Intelligence review when a merge request (MR) touches
any of the following Service Ping files:
- `usage_data*` files.
- The Metrics Dictionary, including files in:
- [`config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/metrics).
- [`ee/config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/ee/config/metrics).
- [`dictionary.md`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/development/usage_ping/dictionary.md).
- [`schema.json`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json).
- Product Intelligence tooling. For example,
[`Gitlab::UsageMetricDefinitionGenerator`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_definition_generator.rb)
### Roles and process
#### The merge request **author** should
- Decide whether a Product Intelligence review is needed.
- If a Product Intelligence review is needed, add the labels
`~product intelligence` and `~product intelligence::review pending`.
- Assign an
[engineer](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers/-/group_members?with_inherited_permissions=exclude) from the Product Intelligence team for a review.
- Set the correct attributes in the metric's YAML definition:
- `product_section`, `product_stage`, `product_group`, `product_category`
- Provide a clear description of the metric.
- Update the
[Metrics Dictionary](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/development/usage_ping/dictionary.md) if needed.
- Add a changelog [according to guidelines](../changelog.md).
#### The Product Intelligence **reviewer** should
- Perform a first-pass review on the merge request and suggest improvements to the author.
- Check the [metrics location](index.md#1-naming-and-placing-the-metrics) in
the Service Ping JSON payload.
- Add the `~database` label and ask for a [database review](../database_review.md) for
metrics that are based on Database.
- For tracking using Redis HLL (HyperLogLog):
- Check the Redis slot.
- Check if a [feature flag is needed](index.md#recommendations).
- For a metric's YAML definition:
- Check the metric's `description`.
- Check the metric's `key_path`.
- Check the `product_section`, `product_stage`, `product_group`, and `product_category` fields.
Read the [stages file](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml).
- Check the file location. Consider the time frame, and if the file should be under `ee`.
- Check the tiers.
- Approve the MR, and relabel the MR with `~"product intelligence::approved"`.
## Review workload distribution
[Danger bot](../dangerbot.md) adds the list of changed Product Intelligence files
and pings the
[`@gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers`](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers/-/group_members?with_inherited_permissions=exclude) group for merge requests
that are not drafts.
Any of the Product Intelligence engineers can be assigned for the Product Intelligence review.
doc/development/snowplow/index.md
View file @ e66d4614
......@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ This guide provides an overview of how Snowplow works, and implementation detail
For more information about Product Intelligence, see:
- [Product Intelligence Guide](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/product-intelligence-guide/)
- [Service Ping Guide](../usage_ping/index.md)
- [Service Ping Guide](../service_ping/index.md)
More useful links:
......
doc/development/usage_ping/index.md
View file @ e66d4614
---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
redirect_to: '../service_ping/index.md'
remove_date: '2021-10-09'
---
# Service Ping Guide **(FREE SELF)**
This file was moved to [another location](../service_ping/index.md).
> Introduced in GitLab Ultimate 11.2, more statistics.
This guide describes Service Ping's purpose and how it's implemented.
For more information about Product Intelligence, see:
- [Product Intelligence Guide](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/product-intelligence-guide/)
- [Snowplow Guide](../snowplow/index.md)
More links:
- [Product Intelligence Direction](https://about.gitlab.com/direction/product-intelligence/)
- [Data Analysis Process](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/#data-analysis-process/)
- [Data for Product Managers](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/programs/data-for-product-managers/)
- [Data Infrastructure](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/business-technology/data-team/platform/infrastructure/)
## What is Service Ping?
Service Ping is a process in GitLab that collects and sends a weekly payload to GitLab Inc.
The payload provides important high-level data that helps our product, support,
and sales teams understand how GitLab is used. For example, the data helps to:
- Compare counts month over month (or week over week) to get a rough sense for how an instance uses
different product features.
- Collect other facts that help us classify and understand GitLab installations.
- Calculate our Stage Monthly Active Users (SMAU), which helps to measure the success of our stages
and features.
Service Ping information is not anonymous. It's linked to the instance's hostname. However, it does
not contain project names, usernames, or any other specific data.
Sending a Service Ping payload is optional and can be [disabled](#disable-service-ping) on any self-managed instance.
When Service Ping is enabled, GitLab gathers data from the other instances
and can show your instance's usage statistics to your users.
### Terminology
We use the following terminology to describe the Service Ping components:
- **Service Ping**: the process that collects and generates a JSON payload.
- **Service Data**: the contents of the Service Ping JSON payload. This includes metrics.
- **Metrics**: primarily made up of row counts for different tables in an instance's database. Each
metric has a corresponding [metric definition](metrics_dictionary.md#metrics-definition-and-validation)
in a YAML file.
### Why should we enable Service Ping?
- The main purpose of Service Ping is to build a better GitLab. Data about how GitLab is used is collected to better understand feature/stage adoption and usage, which helps us understand how GitLab is adding value and helps our team better understand the reasons why people use GitLab and with this knowledge we're able to make better product decisions.
- As a benefit of having Service Ping active, GitLab lets you analyze the users' activities over time of your GitLab installation.
- As a benefit of having Service Ping active, GitLab provides you with The DevOps Report,which gives you an overview of your entire instance's adoption of Concurrent DevOps from planning to monitoring.
- You get better, more proactive support. (assuming that our TAMs and support organization used the data to deliver more value)
- You get insight and advice into how to get the most value out of your investment in GitLab. Wouldn't you want to know that a number of features or values are not being adopted in your organization?
- You get a report that illustrates how you compare against other similar organizations (anonymized), with specific advice and recommendations on how to improve your DevOps processes.
- Service Ping is enabled by default. To disable it, see [Disable Service Ping](#disable-service-ping).
- When Service Ping is enabled, you have the option to participate in our [Registration Features Program](#registration-features-program) and receive free paid features.
#### Registration Features Program
> Introduced in GitLab 14.1.
Starting with GitLab version 14.1, free self-managed users running [GitLab EE](../ee_features.md) can receive paid features by registering with GitLab and sending us activity data via [Service Ping](#what-is-service-ping).
The paid feature available in this offering is [Email from GitLab](../../tools/email.md).
Administrators can use this [Premium](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/premium/) feature to streamline
their workflow by emailing all or some instance users directly from the Admin Area.
NOTE:
Registration is not yet required for participation, but will be added in a future milestone.
### Limitations
- Service Ping does not track frontend events things like page views, link clicks, or user sessions, and only focuses on aggregated backend events.
- Because of these limitations we recommend instrumenting your products with Snowplow for more detailed analytics on GitLab.com and use Service Ping to track aggregated backend events on self-managed.
## View the Service Ping payload **(FREE SELF)**
You can view the exact JSON payload sent to GitLab Inc. in the administration panel. To view the payload:
1. Sign in as a user with [Administrator](../../user/permissions.md) permissions.
1. On the top bar, select **Menu >** **{admin}** **Admin**.
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand the **Usage statistics** section.
1. Select **Preview payload**.
For an example payload, see [Example Service Ping payload](#example-service-ping-payload).
## Disable Service Ping **(FREE SELF)**
NOTE:
The method to disable Service Ping in the GitLab configuration file does not work in
GitLab versions 9.3 to 13.12.3. See the [troubleshooting section](#cannot-disable-service-ping-using-the-configuration-file)
on how to disable it.
You can disable Service Ping either using the GitLab UI, or editing the GitLab
configuration file.
### Disable Service Ping using the UI
To disable Service Ping in the GitLab UI:
1. Sign in as a user with [Administrator](../../user/permissions.md) permissions.
1. On the top bar, select **Menu >** **{admin}** **Admin**.
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand the **Usage statistics** section.
1. Clear the **Enable service ping** checkbox.
1. Select **Save changes**.
### Disable Service Ping using the configuration file
To disable Service Ping and prevent it from being configured in the future through
the admin area:
**For installations using the Linux package:**
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
```ruby
gitlab_rails['usage_ping_enabled'] = false
```
1. Reconfigure GitLab:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
**For installations from source:**
1. Edit `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`:
```yaml
production: &base
# ...
gitlab:
# ...
usage_ping_enabled: false
```
1. Restart GitLab:
```shell
sudo service gitlab restart
```
## Service Ping request flow
The following example shows a basic request/response flow between a GitLab instance, the Versions Application, the License Application, Salesforce, the GitLab S3 Bucket, the GitLab Snowflake Data Warehouse, and Sisense:
```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
participant GitLab Instance
participant Versions Application
participant Licenses Application
participant Salesforce
participant S3 Bucket
participant Snowflake DW
participant Sisense Dashboards
GitLab Instance->>Versions Application: Send Service Ping
loop Process usage data
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Parse usage data
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Write to database
Versions Application->>Versions Application: Update license ping time
end
loop Process data for Salesforce
Versions Application-xLicenses Application: Request Zuora subscription id
Licenses Application-xVersions Application: Zuora subscription id
Versions Application-xSalesforce: Request Zuora account id by Zuora subscription id
Salesforce-xVersions Application: Zuora account id
Versions Application-xSalesforce: Usage data for the Zuora account
end
Versions Application->>S3 Bucket: Export Versions database
S3 Bucket->>Snowflake DW: Import data
Snowflake DW->>Snowflake DW: Transform data using dbt
Snowflake DW->>Sisense Dashboards: Data available for querying
Versions Application->>GitLab Instance: DevOps Report (Conversational Development Index)
```
## How Service Ping works
1. The Service Ping [cron job](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/workers/gitlab_usage_ping_worker.rb#L30) is set in Sidekiq to run weekly.
1. When the cron job runs, it calls [`Gitlab::UsageData.to_json`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L22).
1. `Gitlab::UsageData.to_json` [cascades down](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb#L22) to ~400+ other counter method calls.
1. The response of all methods calls are [merged together](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb#L14) into a single JSON payload in `Gitlab::UsageData.to_json`.
1. The JSON payload is then [posted to the Versions application]( https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L20)
If a firewall exception is needed, the required URL depends on several things. If
the hostname is `version.gitlab.com`, the protocol is `TCP`, and the port number is `443`,
the required URL is <https://version.gitlab.com/>.
## Service Ping Metric Life cycle
### 1. New metrics addition
Please follow the [Implementing Service Ping](#implementing-service-ping) guide.
### 2. Existing metric change
Because we do not control when customers update their self-managed instances of GitLab,
we **STRONGLY DISCOURAGE** changes to the logic used to calculate any metric.
Any such changes lead to inconsistent reports from multiple GitLab instances.
If there is a problem with an existing metric, it's best to deprecate the existing metric,
and use it, side by side, with the desired new metric.
Example:
Consider following change. Before GitLab 12.6, the `example_metric` was implemented as:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric: distinct_count(Project, :creator_id)
}
```
For GitLab 12.6, the metric was changed to filter out archived projects:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric: distinct_count(Project.non_archived, :creator_id)
}
```
In this scenario all instances running up to GitLab 12.5 continue to report `example_metric`,
including all archived projects, while all instances running GitLab 12.6 and higher filters
out such projects. As Service Ping data is collected from all reporting instances, the
resulting dataset includes mixed data, which distorts any following business analysis.
The correct approach is to add a new metric for GitLab 12.6 release with updated logic:
```ruby
{
...
example_metric_without_archived: distinct_count(Project.non_archived, :creator_id)
}
```
and update existing business analysis artefacts to use `example_metric_without_archived` instead of `example_metric`
### 3. Deprecate a metric
If a metric is obsolete and you no longer use it, you can mark it as deprecated.
For an example of the metric deprecation process take a look at this [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/59899)
To deprecate a metric:
1. Check the following YAML files and verify the metric is not used in an aggregate:
- [`config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/)
- [`ee/config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/config/metrics/aggregates/)
1. Create an issue in the [GitLab Data Team
project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues). Ask for
confirmation that the metric is not used by other teams, or in any of the SiSense
dashboards.
1. Verify the metric is not used to calculate the conversational index. The
conversational index is a measure that reports back to self-managed instances
to inform administrators of the progress of DevOps adoption for the instance.
You can check
[`CalculateConvIndexService`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/app/services/calculate_conv_index_service.rb)
to view the metrics that are used. The metrics are represented
as the keys that are passed as a field argument into the `get_value` method.
1. Document the deprecation in the metric's YAML definition. Set
the `status:` attribute to `deprecated`, for example:
```yaml
---
key_path: analytics_unique_visits.analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target_monthly
description: Visits to any of the pages listed above per month
product_section: dev
product_stage: manage
product_group: group::analytics
product_category:
value_type: number
status: deprecated
time_frame: 28d
data_source:
distribution:
- ce
tier:
- free
```
1. Replace the metric's instrumentation with a fixed value. This avoids wasting
resources to calculate the deprecated metric. In
[`lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb)
or
[`ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb),
replace the code that calculates the metric's value with a fixed value that
indicates it's deprecated:
```ruby
module Gitlab
class UsageData
DEPRECATED_VALUE = -1000
def analytics_unique_visits_data
results['analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target'] = redis_usage_data { unique_visit_service.unique_visits_for(targets: :analytics) }
results['analytics_unique_visits_for_any_target_monthly'] = DEPRECATED_VALUE
{ analytics_unique_visits: results }
end
# ...
end
end
```
1. Update the Metrics Dictionary following [guidelines instructions](dictionary.md).
### 4. Remove a metric
Only deprecated metrics can be removed from Service Ping.
For an example of the metric removal process take a look at this [example issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/297029)
To remove a deprecated metric:
1. Verify that removing the metric from the Service Ping payload does not cause
errors in [Version App](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com)
when the updated payload is collected and processed. Version App collects
and persists all Service Ping reports. To do that you can modify
[fixtures](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/spec/support/usage_data_helpers.rb#L540)
used to test
[`UsageDataController#create`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/3760ef28/spec/controllers/usage_data_controller_spec.rb#L75)
endpoint, and assure that test suite does not fail when metric that you wish to remove is not included into test payload.
1. Create an issue in the
[GitLab Data Team project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues).
Ask for confirmation that the metric is not referred to in any SiSense dashboards and
can be safely removed from Service Ping. Use this
[example issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-data/analytics/-/issues/7539) for guidance.
This step can be skipped if verification done during [deprecation process](#3-deprecate-a-metric)
reported that metric is not required by any data transformation in Snowflake data warehouse nor it is
used by any of SiSense dashboards.
1. After you verify the metric can be safely removed,
update the attributes of the metric's YAML definition:
- Set the `status:` to `removed`.
- Set `milestone_removed:` to the number of the
milestone in which the metric was removed.
Do not remove the metric's YAML definition altogether. Some self-managed
instances might not immediately update to the latest version of GitLab, and
therefore continue to report the removed metric. The Product Intelligence team
requires a record of all removed metrics in order to identify and filter them.
For example please take a look at this [merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60149/diffs#b01f429a54843feb22265100c0e4fec1b7da1240_10_10).
1. After you verify the metric can be safely removed,
remove the metric's instrumentation from
[`lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data.rb)
or
[`ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/lib/ee/gitlab/usage_data.rb).
For example please take a look at this [merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60149/diffs#6335dc533bd21df26db9de90a02dd66278c2390d_167_167).
1. Remove any other records related to the metric:
- The feature flag YAML file at [`config/feature_flags/*/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/feature_flags).
- The entry in the known events YAML file at [`lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events).
1. Update the Metrics Dictionary following [guidelines instructions](dictionary.md).
## Implementing Service Ping
Service Ping consists of two kinds of data, counters and observations. Counters track how often a certain event
happened over time, such as how many CI pipelines have run. They are monotonic and always trend up.
Observations are facts collected from one or more GitLab instances and can carry arbitrary data. There are no
general guidelines around how to collect those, due to the individual nature of that data.
There are several types of counters which are all found in `usage_data.rb`:
- **Ordinary Batch Counters:** Simple count of a given ActiveRecord_Relation
- **Distinct Batch Counters:** Distinct count of a given ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column
- **Sum Batch Counters:** Sum the values of a given ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column
- **Alternative Counters:** Used for settings and configurations
- **Redis Counters:** Used for in-memory counts.
NOTE:
Only use the provided counter methods. Each counter method contains a built in fail safe to isolate each counter to avoid breaking the entire Service Ping.
### Why batch counting
For large tables, PostgreSQL can take a long time to count rows due to MVCC [(Multi-version Concurrency Control)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiversion_concurrency_control). Batch counting is a counting method where a single large query is broken into multiple smaller queries. For example, instead of a single query querying 1,000,000 records, with batch counting, you can execute 100 queries of 10,000 records each. Batch counting is useful for avoiding database timeouts as each batch query is significantly shorter than one single long running query.
For GitLab.com, there are extremely large tables with 15 second query timeouts, so we use batch counting to avoid encountering timeouts. Here are the sizes of some GitLab.com tables:
| Table | Row counts in millions |
|------------------------------|------------------------|
| `merge_request_diff_commits` | 2280 |
| `ci_build_trace_sections` | 1764 |
| `merge_request_diff_files` | 1082 |
| `events` | 514 |
The following operation methods are available for your use:
- [Ordinary Batch Counters](#ordinary-batch-counters)
- [Distinct Batch Counters](#distinct-batch-counters)
- [Sum Batch Operation](#sum-batch-operation)
- [Add Operation](#add-operation)
- [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters)
Batch counting requires indexes on columns to calculate max, min, and range queries. In some cases,
you may need to add a specialized index on the columns involved in a counter.
### Ordinary Batch Counters
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Simple count of a given `ActiveRecord_Relation`, does a non-distinct batch count, smartly reduces `batch_size`, and handles errors.
Method: `count(relation, column = nil, batch: true, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count
- `column` the column to perform the count on, by default is the primary key
- `batch`: default `true` to use batch counting
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
Examples:
```ruby
count(User.active)
count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id)
count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id, start: ::Clusters::Cluster.minimum(:id), finish: ::Clusters::Cluster.maximum(:id))
```
### Distinct Batch Counters
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Distinct count of a given `ActiveRecord_Relation` on given column, a distinct batch count, smartly reduces `batch_size`, and handles errors.
Method: `distinct_count(relation, column = nil, batch: true, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count
- `column` the column to perform the distinct count, by default is the primary key
- `batch`: default `true` to use batch counting
- `batch_size`: if none set it uses default value 10000 from `Gitlab::Database::BatchCounter`
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
WARNING:
Counting over non-unique columns can lead to performance issues. Take a look at the [iterating tables in batches](../iterating_tables_in_batches.md) guide for more details.
Examples:
```ruby
distinct_count(::Project, :creator_id)
distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::User.minimum(:id), finish: ::User.maximum(:id))
distinct_count(::Clusters::Applications::CertManager.where(time_period).available.joins(:cluster), 'clusters.user_id')
```
### Sum Batch Operation
Handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error
Sum the values of a given ActiveRecord_Relation on given column and handles errors.
Method: `sum(relation, column, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
Arguments:
- `relation` the ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the operation
- `column` the column to sum on
- `batch_size`: if none set it uses default value 1000 from `Gitlab::Database::BatchCounter`
- `start`: custom start of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
- `end`: custom end of the batch counting to avoid complex min calculations
Examples:
```ruby
sum(JiraImportState.finished, :imported_issues_count)
```
### Grouping & Batch Operations
The `count`, `distinct_count`, and `sum` batch counters can accept an `ActiveRecord::Relation`
object, which groups by a specified column. With a grouped relation, the methods do batch counting,
handle errors, and returns a hash table of key-value pairs.
Examples:
```ruby
count(Namespace.group(:type))
# returns => {nil=>179, "Group"=>54}
distinct_count(Project.group(:visibility_level), :creator_id)
# returns => {0=>1, 10=>1, 20=>11}
sum(Issue.group(:state_id), :weight))
# returns => {1=>3542, 2=>6820}
```
### Add Operation
Handles `StandardError`.
Returns `-1` if any of the arguments are `-1`.
Sum the values given as parameters.
Method: `add(*args)`
Examples
```ruby
project_imports = distinct_count(::Project.where.not(import_type: nil), :creator_id)
bulk_imports = distinct_count(::BulkImport, :user_id)
add(project_imports, bulk_imports)
```
### Estimated Batch Counters
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/48233) in GitLab 13.7.
Estimated batch counter functionality handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` errors
when used through the provided `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method.
Errors return a value of `-1`.
WARNING:
This functionality estimates a distinct count of a specific ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column,
which uses the [HyperLogLog](http://algo.inria.fr/flajolet/Publications/FlFuGaMe07.pdf) algorithm.
As the HyperLogLog algorithm is probabilistic, the **results always include error**.
The highest encountered error rate is 4.9%.
When correctly used, the `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method enables efficient counting over
columns that contain non-unique values, which can not be assured by other counters.
#### estimate_batch_distinct_count method
Method: `estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, column = nil, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil)`
The [method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/usage_data.rb#L63)
includes the following arguments:
- `relation`: The ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count.
- `column`: The column to perform the distinct count. The default is the primary key.
- `batch_size`: From `Gitlab::Database::PostgresHll::BatchDistinctCounter::DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE`. Default value: 10,000.
- `start`: The custom start of the batch count, to avoid complex minimum calculations.
- `finish`: The custom end of the batch count to avoid complex maximum calculations.
The method includes the following prerequisites:
1. The supplied `relation` must include the primary key defined as the numeric column.
For example: `id bigint NOT NULL`.
1. The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` can handle a joined relation. To use its ability to
count non-unique columns, the joined relation **must NOT** have a one-to-many relationship,
such as `has_many :boards`.
1. Both `start` and `finish` arguments should always represent primary key relationship values,
even if the estimated count refers to another column, for example:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note, :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id))
```
Examples:
1. Simple execution of estimated batch counter, with only relation provided,
returned value represents estimated number of unique values in `id` column
(which is the primary key) of `Project` relation:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Project)
```
1. Execution of estimated batch counter, where provided relation has applied
additional filter (`.where(time_period)`), number of unique values estimated
in custom column (`:author_id`), and parameters: `start` and `finish` together
apply boundaries that defines range of provided relation to analyze:
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id))
```
1. Execution of estimated batch counter with joined relation (`joins(:cluster)`),
for a custom column (`'clusters.user_id'`):
```ruby
estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Clusters::Applications::CertManager.where(time_period).available.joins(:cluster), 'clusters.user_id')
```
When instrumenting metric with usage of estimated batch counter please add
`_estimated` suffix to its name, for example:
```ruby
"counts": {
"ci_builds_estimated": estimate_batch_distinct_count(Ci::Build),
...
```
### Redis Counters
Handles `::Redis::CommandError` and `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::BaseCounter::UnknownEvent`
returns -1 when a block is sent or hash with all values -1 when a `counter(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters)` is sent
different behavior due to 2 different implementations of Redis counter
Method: `redis_usage_data(counter, &block)`
Arguments:
- `counter`: a counter from `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters`, that has `fallback_totals` method implemented
- or a `block`: which is evaluated
#### Ordinary Redis Counters
Examples of implementation:
- Using Redis methods [`INCR`](https://redis.io/commands/incr), [`GET`](https://redis.io/commands/get), and [`Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/wiki_page_counter.rb)
- Using Redis methods [`HINCRBY`](https://redis.io/commands/hincrby), [`HGETALL`](https://redis.io/commands/hgetall), and [`Gitlab::UsageCounters::PodLogs`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_counters/pod_logs.rb)
##### UsageData API Tracking
<!-- There's nearly identical content in `##### Adding new events`. If you fix errors here, you may need to fix the same errors in the other location. -->
1. Track event using `UsageData` API
Increment event count using ordinary Redis counter, for given event name.
Tracking events using the `UsageData` API requires the `usage_data_api` feature flag to be enabled, which is enabled by default.
API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token.
To be able to increment the values, the related feature `usage_data_<event_name>` should be enabled.
```plaintext
POST /usage_data/increment_counter
```
| Attribute | Type | Required | Description |
| :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- |
| `event` | string | yes | The event name it should be tracked |
Response
- `200` if event was tracked
- `400 Bad request` if event parameter is missing
- `401 Unauthorized` if user is not authenticated
- `403 Forbidden` for invalid CSRF token provided
1. Track events using JavaScript/Vue API helper which calls the API above
Note that `usage_data_api` and `usage_data_#{event_name}` should be enabled to be able to track events
```javascript
import api from '~/api';
api.trackRedisCounterEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'),
```
#### Redis HLL Counters
WARNING:
HyperLogLog (HLL) is a probabilistic algorithm and its **results always includes some small error**. According to [Redis documentation](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount), data from
used HLL implementation is "approximated with a standard error of 0.81%".
With `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter` we have available data structures used to count unique values.
Implemented using Redis methods [PFADD](https://redis.io/commands/pfadd) and [PFCOUNT](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount).
##### Adding new events
1. Define events in [`known_events`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/).
Example event:
```yaml
- name: users_creating_epics
category: epics_usage
redis_slot: users
aggregation: weekly
feature_flag: track_epics_activity
```
Keys:
- `name`: unique event name.
Name format for Redis HLL events `<name>_<redis_slot>`.
[See Metric name](metrics_dictionary.md#metric-name) for a complete guide on metric naming suggestion.
Consider including in the event's name the Redis slot to be able to count totals for a specific category.
Example names: `users_creating_epics`, `users_triggering_security_scans`.
- `category`: event category. Used for getting total counts for events in a category, for easier
access to a group of events.
- `redis_slot`: optional Redis slot. Default value: event name. Only event data that is stored in the same slot
can be aggregated. Ensure keys are in the same slot. For example:
`users_creating_epics` with `redis_slot: 'users'` builds Redis key
`{users}_creating_epics-2020-34`. If `redis_slot` is not defined the Redis key will
be `{users_creating_epics}-2020-34`.
Recommended slots to use are: `users`, `projects`. This is the value we count.
- `expiry`: expiry time in days. Default: 29 days for daily aggregation and 6 weeks for weekly
aggregation.
- `aggregation`: may be set to a `:daily` or `:weekly` key. Defines how counting data is stored in Redis.
Aggregation on a `daily` basis does not pull more fine grained data.
- `feature_flag`: optional `default_enabled: :yaml`. If no feature flag is set then the tracking is enabled. One feature flag can be used for multiple events. For details, see our [GitLab internal Feature flags](../feature_flags/index.md) documentation. The feature flags are owned by the group adding the event tracking.
1. Use one of the following methods to track the event:
- In the controller using the `RedisTracking` module and the following format:
```ruby
track_redis_hll_event(*controller_actions, name:, if: nil, &block)
```
Arguments:
- `controller_actions`: the controller actions to track.
- `name`: the event name.
- `if`: optional custom conditions. Uses the same format as Rails callbacks.
- `&block`: optional block that computes and returns the `custom_id` that we want to track. This overrides the `visitor_id`.
Example:
```ruby
# controller
class ProjectsController < Projects::ApplicationController
include RedisTracking
skip_before_action :authenticate_user!, only: :show
track_redis_hll_event :index, :show, name: 'users_visiting_projects'
def index
render html: 'index'
end
def new
render html: 'new'
end
def show
render html: 'show'
end
end
```
- In the API using the `increment_unique_values(event_name, values)` helper method.
Arguments:
- `event_name`: the event name.
- `values`: the values counted. Can be one value or an array of values.
Example:
```ruby
get ':id/registry/repositories' do
repositories = ContainerRepositoriesFinder.new(
user: current_user, subject: user_group
).execute
increment_unique_values('users_listing_repositories', current_user.id)
present paginate(repositories), with: Entities::ContainerRegistry::Repository, tags: params[:tags], tags_count: params[:tags_count]
end
```
- Using `track_usage_event(event_name, values)` in services and GraphQL.
Increment unique values count using Redis HLL, for a given event name.
Examples:
- [Track usage event for an incident in a service](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/services/issues/update_service.rb#L66)
- [Track usage event for an incident in GraphQL](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/graphql/mutations/alert_management/update_alert_status.rb#L16)
```ruby
track_usage_event(:incident_management_incident_created, current_user.id)
```
- Using the `UsageData` API.
<!-- There's nearly identical content in `##### UsageData API Tracking`. If you find / fix errors here, you may need to fix errors in that section too. -->
Increment unique users count using Redis HLL, for a given event name.
To track events using the `UsageData` API, ensure the `usage_data_api` feature flag
is set to `default_enabled: true`. Enabled by default in GitLab 13.7 and later.
API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token.
```plaintext
POST /usage_data/increment_unique_users
```
| Attribute | Type | Required | Description |
| :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- |
| `event` | string | yes | The event name to track |
Response:
- `200` if the event was tracked, or if tracking failed for any reason.
- `400 Bad request` if an event parameter is missing.
- `401 Unauthorized` if the user is not authenticated.
- `403 Forbidden` if an invalid CSRF token is provided.
- Using the JavaScript/Vue API helper, which calls the `UsageData` API.
To track events using the `UsageData` API, ensure the `usage_data_api` feature flag
is set to `default_enabled: true`. Enabled by default in GitLab 13.7 and later.
Example for an existing event already defined in [known events](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/):
```javascript
import api from '~/api';
api.trackRedisHllUserEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'),
```
1. Get event data using `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names:, start_date:, end_date:, context: '')`.
Arguments:
- `event_names`: the list of event names.
- `start_date`: start date of the period for which we want to get event data.
- `end_date`: end date of the period for which we want to get event data.
- `context`: context of the event. Allowed values are `default`, `free`, `bronze`, `silver`, `gold`, `starter`, `premium`, `ultimate`.
1. Testing tracking and getting unique events
Trigger events in rails console by using `track_event` method
```ruby
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: 1)
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: [2, 3])
```
Next, get the unique events for the current week.
```ruby
# Get unique events for metric for current_week
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_viewing_compliance_audit_events',
start_date: Date.current.beginning_of_week, end_date: Date.current.next_week)
```
##### Recommendations
We have the following recommendations for [Adding new events](#adding-new-events):
- Event aggregation: weekly.
- Key expiry time:
- Daily: 29 days.
- Weekly: 42 days.
- When adding new metrics, use a [feature flag](../../operations/feature_flags.md) to control the impact.
- For feature flags triggered by another service, set `default_enabled: false`,
- Events can be triggered using the `UsageData` API, which helps when there are > 10 events per change
##### Enable/Disable Redis HLL tracking
Events are tracked behind optional [feature flags](../feature_flags/index.md) due to concerns for Redis performance and scalability.
For a full list of events and corresponding feature flags see, [known_events](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/) files.
To enable or disable tracking for specific event in <https://gitlab.com> or <https://about.staging.gitlab.com>, run commands such as the following to
[enable or disable the corresponding feature](../feature_flags/index.md).
```shell
/chatops run feature set <feature_name> true
/chatops run feature set <feature_name> false
```
We can also disable tracking completely by using the global flag:
```shell
/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking true
/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking false
```
##### Known events are added automatically in Service Data payload
All events added in [`known_events/common.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/common.yml) are automatically added to Service Data generation under the `redis_hll_counters` key. This column is stored in [version-app as a JSON](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/db/schema.rb#L209).
For each event we add metrics for the weekly and monthly time frames, and totals for each where applicable:
- `#{event_name}_weekly`: Data for 7 days for daily [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events and data for the last complete week for weekly [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events.
- `#{event_name}_monthly`: Data for 28 days for daily [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events and data for the last 4 complete weeks for weekly [aggregation](#adding-new-events) events.
Redis HLL implementation calculates automatic total metrics, if there are more than one metric for the same category, aggregation, and Redis slot.
- `#{category}_total_unique_counts_weekly`: Total unique counts for events in the same category for the last 7 days or the last complete week, if events are in the same Redis slot and we have more than one metric.
- `#{category}_total_unique_counts_monthly`: Total unique counts for events in same category for the last 28 days or the last 4 complete weeks, if events are in the same Redis slot and we have more than one metric.
Example of `redis_hll_counters` data:
```ruby
{:redis_hll_counters=>
{"compliance"=>
{"users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_monthly"=>0,
"users_viewing_compliance_audit_events_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_audit_events_monthly"=>0,
"compliance_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"compliance_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0},
"analytics"=>
{"users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_weekly"=>0,
"users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_monthly"=>0,
"analytics_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"analytics_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0},
"ide_edit"=>
{"users_editing_by_web_ide_weekly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_web_ide_monthly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_sfe_weekly"=>0,
"users_editing_by_sfe_monthly"=>0,
"ide_edit_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0,
"ide_edit_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0}
}
```
Example usage:
```ruby
# Redis Counters
redis_usage_data(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter)
redis_usage_data { ::Gitlab::UsageCounters::PodLogs.usage_totals[:total] }
# Define events in common.yml https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/known_events/common.yml
# Tracking events
Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_expanding_vulnerabilities', values: visitor_id)
# Get unique events for metric
redis_usage_data { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_expanding_vulnerabilities', start_date: 28.days.ago, end_date: Date.current) }
```
### Alternative Counters
Handles `StandardError` and fallbacks into -1 this way not all measures fail if we encounter one exception.
Mainly used for settings and configurations.
Method: `alt_usage_data(value = nil, fallback: -1, &block)`
Arguments:
- `value`: a simple static value in which case the value is simply returned.
- or a `block`: which is evaluated
- `fallback: -1`: the common value used for any metrics that are failing.
Usage:
```ruby
alt_usage_data { Gitlab::VERSION }
alt_usage_data { Gitlab::CurrentSettings.uuid }
alt_usage_data(999)
```
### Adding counters to build new metrics
When adding the results of two counters, use the `add` Service Data method that
handles fallback values and exceptions. It also generates a valid [SQL export](#exporting-service-ping-sql-queries-and-definitions).
Example usage:
```ruby
add(User.active, User.bot)
```
### Prometheus Queries
In those cases where operational metrics should be part of Service Ping, a database or Redis query is unlikely
to provide useful data. Instead, Prometheus might be more appropriate, because most GitLab architectural
components publish metrics to it that can be queried back, aggregated, and included as Service Data.
NOTE:
Prometheus as a data source for Service Ping is currently only available for single-node Omnibus installations
that are running the [bundled Prometheus](../../administration/monitoring/prometheus/index.md) instance.
To query Prometheus for metrics, a helper method is available to `yield` a fully configured
`PrometheusClient`, given it is available as per the note above:
```ruby
with_prometheus_client do |client|
response = client.query('<your query>')
...
end
```
Please refer to [the `PrometheusClient` definition](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/prometheus_client.rb)
for how to use its API to query for data.
### Fallback values for UsagePing
We return fallback values in these cases:
| Case | Value |
|-----------------------------|-------|
| Deprecated Metric | -1000 |
| Timeouts, general failures | -1 |
| Standard errors in counters | -2 |
## Developing and testing Service Ping
### 1. Naming and placing the metrics
Add the metric in one of the top level keys
- `settings`: for settings related metrics.
- `counts_weekly`: for counters that have data for the most recent 7 days.
- `counts_monthly`: for counters that have data for the most recent 28 days.
- `counts`: for counters that have data for all time.
### 2. Use your Rails console to manually test counters
```ruby
# count
Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active)
Gitlab::UsageData.count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id)
# count distinct
Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Project, :creator_id)
Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::User.minimum(:id), finish: ::User.maximum(:id))
```
### 3. Generate the SQL query
Your Rails console returns the generated SQL queries.
Example:
```ruby
pry(main)> Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active)
(2.6ms) SELECT "features"."key" FROM "features"
(15.3ms) SELECT MIN("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4))
(2.4ms) SELECT MAX("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4))
(1.9ms) SELECT COUNT("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4)) AND "users"."id" BETWEEN 1 AND 100000
```
### 4. Optimize queries with #database-lab
Paste the SQL query into `#database-lab` to see how the query performs at scale.
- `#database-lab` is a Slack channel which uses a production-sized environment to test your queries.
- GitLab.com's production database has a 15 second timeout.
- Any single query must stay below [1 second execution time](../query_performance.md#timing-guidelines-for-queries) with cold caches.
- Add a specialized index on columns involved to reduce the execution time.
To have an understanding of the query's execution we add in the MR description the following information:
- For counters that have a `time_period` test we add information for both cases:
- `time_period = {}` for all time periods
- `time_period = { created_at: 28.days.ago..Time.current }` for last 28 days period
- Execution plan and query time before and after optimization
- Query generated for the index and time
- Migration output for up and down execution
We also use `#database-lab` and [explain.depesz.com](https://explain.depesz.com/). For more details, see the [database review guide](../database_review.md#preparation-when-adding-or-modifying-queries).
#### Optimization recommendations and examples
- Use specialized indexes [example 1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26871), [example 2](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26445).
- Use defined `start` and `finish`, and simple queries. These values can be memoized and reused, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/37155).
- Avoid joins and write the queries as simply as possible, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/36316).
- Set a custom `batch_size` for `distinct_count`, [example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/38000).
### 5. Add the metric definition
[Check Metrics Dictionary Guide](metrics_dictionary.md)
When adding, updating, or removing metrics, please update the [Metrics Dictionary](dictionary.md).
### 6. Add new metric to Versions Application
Check if new metrics need to be added to the Versions Application. See `usage_data` [schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/db/schema.rb#L147) and Service Data [parameters accepted](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/app/services/usage_ping.rb). Any metrics added under the `counts` key are saved in the `stats` column.
### 7. Add the feature label
Add the `feature` label to the Merge Request for new Service Ping metrics. These are user-facing changes and are part of expanding the Service Ping feature.
### 8. Add a changelog
Ensure you comply with the [Changelog entries guide](../changelog.md).
### 9. Ask for a Product Intelligence Review
On GitLab.com, we have DangerBot set up to monitor Product Intelligence related files and DangerBot recommends a [Product Intelligence review](review_guidelines.md).
### 10. Verify your metric
On GitLab.com, the Product Intelligence team regularly [monitors Service Ping](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/6000).
They may alert you that your metrics need further optimization to run quicker and with greater success.
The Service Ping JSON payload for GitLab.com is shared in the
[#g_product_intelligence](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/CL3A7GFPF) Slack channel every week.
You may also use the [Service Ping QA dashboard](https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/632033/Usage-Ping-QA) to check how well your metric performs. The dashboard allows filtering by GitLab version, by "Self-managed" & "SaaS" and shows you how many failures have occurred for each metric. Whenever you notice a high failure rate, you may re-optimize your metric.
### Service Ping local setup
To set up Service Ping locally, you must:
1. [Set up local repositories](#set-up-local-repositories).
1. [Test local setup](#test-local-setup).
1. (Optional) [Test Prometheus-based Service Ping](#test-prometheus-based-service-ping).
#### Set up local repositories
1. Clone and start [GitLab](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit).
1. Clone and start [Versions Application](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-services/version-gitlab-com).
Make sure to run `docker-compose up` to start a PostgreSQL and Redis instance.
1. Point GitLab to the Versions Application endpoint instead of the default endpoint:
1. Open [submit_usage_ping_service.rb](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/submit_usage_ping_service.rb#L4) in your local and modified `PRODUCTION_URL`.
1. Set it to the local Versions Application URL `http://localhost:3000/usage_data`.
#### Test local setup
1. Using the `gitlab` Rails console, manually trigger Service Ping:
```ruby
ServicePing::SubmitService.new.execute
```
1. Use the `versions` Rails console to check the Service Ping was successfully received,
parsed, and stored in the Versions database:
```ruby
UsageData.last
```
### Test Prometheus-based Service Ping
If the data submitted includes metrics [queried from Prometheus](#prometheus-queries)
you want to inspect and verify, you must:
- Ensure that a Prometheus server is running locally.
- Ensure the respective GitLab components are exporting metrics to the Prometheus server.
If you do not need to test data coming from Prometheus, no further action
is necessary. Service Ping should degrade gracefully in the absence of a running Prometheus server.
Three kinds of components may export data to Prometheus, and are included in Service Ping:
- [`node_exporter`](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter): Exports node metrics
from the host machine.
- [`gitlab-exporter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-exporter): Exports process metrics
from various GitLab components.
- Other various GitLab services, such as Sidekiq and the Rails server, which export their own metrics.
#### Test with an Omnibus container
This is the recommended approach to test Prometheus based Service Ping.
The easiest way to verify your changes is to build a new Omnibus image from your code branch by using CI, then download the image
and run a local container instance:
1. From your merge request, click on the `qa` stage, then trigger the `package-and-qa` job. This job triggers an Omnibus
build in a [downstream pipeline of the `omnibus-gitlab-mirror` project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/-/pipelines).
1. In the downstream pipeline, wait for the `gitlab-docker` job to finish.
1. Open the job logs and locate the full container name including the version. It takes the following form: `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>`.
1. On your local machine, make sure you are signed in to the GitLab Docker registry. You can find the instructions for this in
[Authenticate to the GitLab Container Registry](../../user/packages/container_registry/index.md#authenticate-with-the-container-registry).
1. Once signed in, download the new image by using `docker pull registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>`
1. For more information about working with and running Omnibus GitLab containers in Docker, please refer to [GitLab Docker images](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/docker/README.html) in the Omnibus documentation.
#### Test with GitLab development toolkits
This is the less recommended approach, because it comes with a number of difficulties when emulating a real GitLab deployment.
The [GDK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit) is not set up to run a Prometheus server or `node_exporter` alongside other GitLab components. If you would
like to do so, [Monitoring the GDK with Prometheus](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/-/blob/main/doc/howto/prometheus/index.md#monitoring-the-gdk-with-prometheus) is a good start.
The [GCK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-compose-kit) has limited support for testing Prometheus based Service Ping.
By default, it already comes with a fully configured Prometheus service that is set up to scrape a number of components,
but with the following limitations:
- It does not run a `gitlab-exporter` instance, so several `process_*` metrics from services such as Gitaly may be missing.
- While it runs a `node_exporter`, `docker-compose` services emulate hosts, meaning that it would normally report itself to not be associated
with any of the other services that are running. That is not how node metrics are reported in a production setup, where `node_exporter`
always runs as a process alongside other GitLab components on any given node. From Service Ping's perspective none of the node data would therefore
appear to be associated to any of the services running, because they all appear to be running on different hosts. To alleviate this problem, the `node_exporter` in GCK was arbitrarily "assigned" to the `web` service, meaning only for this service `node_*` metrics appears in Service Ping.
## Aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6.
WARNING:
This feature is intended solely for internal GitLab use.
To add data for aggregated metrics into Service Ping payload you should add corresponding definition at [`config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/) for metrics available at Community Edition and at [`ee/config/metrics/aggregates/*.yaml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/config/metrics/aggregates/) for Enterprise Edition ones.
Each aggregate definition includes following parts:
- `name`: Unique name under which the aggregate metric is added to the Service Ping payload.
- `operator`: Operator that defines how the aggregated metric data is counted. Available operators are:
- `OR`: Removes duplicates and counts all entries that triggered any of listed events.
- `AND`: Removes duplicates and counts all elements that were observed triggering all of following events.
- `time_frame`: One or more valid time frames. Use these to limit the data included in aggregated metric to events within a specific date-range. Valid time frames are:
- `7d`: Last seven days of data.
- `28d`: Last twenty eight days of data.
- `all`: All historical data, only available for `database` sourced aggregated metrics.
- `source`: Data source used to collect all events data included in aggregated metric. Valid data sources are:
- [`database`](#database-sourced-aggregated-metrics)
- [`redis`](#redis-sourced-aggregated-metrics)
- `events`: list of events names to aggregate into metric. All events in this list must
relay on the same data source. Additional data source requirements are described in the
[Database sourced aggregated metrics](#database-sourced-aggregated-metrics) and
[Redis sourced aggregated metrics](#redis-sourced-aggregated-metrics) sections.
- `feature_flag`: Name of [development feature flag](../feature_flags/index.md#development-type)
that is checked before metrics aggregation is performed. Corresponding feature flag
should have `default_enabled` attribute set to `false`. The `feature_flag` attribute
is optional and can be omitted. When `feature_flag` is missing, no feature flag is checked.
Example aggregated metric entries:
```yaml
- name: example_metrics_union
operator: OR
events:
- 'users_expanding_secure_security_report'
- 'users_expanding_testing_code_quality_report'
- 'users_expanding_testing_accessibility_report'
source: redis
time_frame:
- 7d
- 28d
- name: example_metrics_intersection
operator: AND
source: database
time_frame:
- 28d
- all
events:
- 'dependency_scanning_pipeline_all_time'
- 'container_scanning_pipeline_all_time'
feature_flag: example_aggregated_metric
```
Aggregated metrics collected in `7d` and `28d` time frames are added into Service Ping payload under the `aggregated_metrics` sub-key in the `counts_weekly` and `counts_monthly` top level keys.
```ruby
{
:counts_monthly => {
:deployments => 1003,
:successful_deployments => 78,
:failed_deployments => 275,
:packages => 155,
:personal_snippets => 2106,
:project_snippets => 407,
:promoted_issues => 719,
:aggregated_metrics => {
:example_metrics_union => 7,
:example_metrics_intersection => 2
},
:snippets => 2513
}
}
```
Aggregated metrics for `all` time frame are present in the `count` top level key, with the `aggregate_` prefix added to their name.
For example:
`example_metrics_intersection`
Becomes:
`counts.aggregate_example_metrics_intersection`
```ruby
{
:counts => {
:deployments => 11003,
:successful_deployments => 178,
:failed_deployments => 1275,
:aggregate_example_metrics_intersection => 12
}
}
```
### Redis sourced aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6.
To declare the aggregate of events collected with [Redis HLL Counters](#redis-hll-counters),
you must fulfill the following requirements:
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must come from
[`known_events/*.yml`](#known-events-are-added-automatically-in-service-data-payload) files.
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must have the same `redis_slot` attribute.
1. All events listed at `events` attribute must have the same `aggregation` attribute.
1. `time_frame` does not include `all` value, which is unavailable for Redis sourced aggregated metrics.
### Database sourced aggregated metrics
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/52784) in GitLab 13.9.
> - It's [deployed behind a feature flag](../../user/feature_flags.md), disabled by default.
> - It's enabled on GitLab.com.
To declare an aggregate of metrics based on events collected from database, follow
these steps:
1. [Persist the metrics for aggregation](#persist-metrics-for-aggregation).
1. [Add new aggregated metric definition](#add-new-aggregated-metric-definition).
#### Persist metrics for aggregation
Only metrics calculated with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters)
can be persisted for database sourced aggregated metrics. To persist a metric,
inject a Ruby block into the
[estimate_batch_distinct_count](#estimate_batch_distinct_count-method) method.
This block should invoke the
`Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics`
[method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/aggregates/sources/postgres_hll.rb#L21),
which stores `estimate_batch_distinct_count` results for future use in aggregated metrics.
The `Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics`
method accepts the following arguments:
- `metric_name`: The name of metric to use for aggregations. Should be the same
as the key under which the metric is added into Service Ping.
- `recorded_at_timestamp`: The timestamp representing the moment when a given
Service Ping payload was collected. You should use the convenience method `recorded_at`
to fill `recorded_at_timestamp` argument, like this: `recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at`
- `time_period`: The time period used to build the `relation` argument passed into
`estimate_batch_distinct_count`. To collect the metric with all available historical
data, set a `nil` value as time period: `time_period: nil`.
- `data`: HyperLogLog buckets structure representing unique entries in `relation`.
The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method always passes the correct argument
into the block, so `data` argument must always have a value equal to block argument,
like this: `data: result`
Example metrics persistence:
```ruby
class UsageData
def count_secure_pipelines(time_period)
...
relation = ::Security::Scan.latest_successful_by_build.by_scan_types(scan_type).where(security_scans: time_period)
pipelines_with_secure_jobs['dependency_scanning_pipeline'] = estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, :commit_id, batch_size: 1000, start: start_id, finish: finish_id) do |result|
::Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll
.save_aggregated_metrics(metric_name: 'dependency_scanning_pipeline', recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at, time_period: time_period, data: result)
end
end
end
```
#### Add new aggregated metric definition
After all metrics are persisted, you can add an aggregated metric definition at
[`aggregated_metrics/`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/aggregates/).
To declare the aggregate of metrics collected with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters),
you must fulfill the following requirements:
- Metrics names listed in the `events:` attribute, have to use the same names you passed in the `metric_name` argument while persisting metrics in previous step.
- Every metric listed in the `events:` attribute, has to be persisted for **every** selected `time_frame:` value.
Example definition:
```yaml
- name: example_metrics_intersection_database_sourced
operator: AND
source: database
events:
- 'dependency_scanning_pipeline'
- 'container_scanning_pipeline'
time_frame:
- 28d
- all
```
## Example Service Ping payload
The following is example content of the Service Ping payload.
```json
{
"uuid": "0000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
"hostname": "example.com",
"version": "12.10.0-pre",
"installation_type": "omnibus-gitlab",
"active_user_count": 999,
"recorded_at": "2020-04-17T07:43:54.162+00:00",
"edition": "EEU",
"license_md5": "00000000000000000000000000000000",
"license_id": null,
"historical_max_users": 999,
"licensee": {
"Name": "ABC, Inc.",
"Email": "email@example.com",
"Company": "ABC, Inc."
},
"license_user_count": 999,
"license_starts_at": "2020-01-01",
"license_expires_at": "2021-01-01",
"license_plan": "ultimate",
"license_add_ons": {
},
"license_trial": false,
"counts": {
"assignee_lists": 999,
"boards": 999,
"ci_builds": 999,
...
},
"container_registry_enabled": true,
"dependency_proxy_enabled": false,
"gitlab_shared_runners_enabled": true,
"gravatar_enabled": true,
"influxdb_metrics_enabled": true,
"ldap_enabled": false,
"mattermost_enabled": false,
"omniauth_enabled": true,
"prometheus_enabled": false,
"prometheus_metrics_enabled": false,
"reply_by_email_enabled": "incoming+%{key}@incoming.gitlab.com",
"signup_enabled": true,
"web_ide_clientside_preview_enabled": true,
"projects_with_expiration_policy_disabled": 999,
"projects_with_expiration_policy_enabled": 999,
...
"elasticsearch_enabled": true,
"license_trial_ends_on": null,
"geo_enabled": false,
"git": {
"version": {
"major": 2,
"minor": 26,
"patch": 1
}
},
"gitaly": {
"version": "12.10.0-rc1-93-g40980d40",
"servers": 56,
"clusters": 14,
"filesystems": [
"EXT_2_3_4"
]
},
"gitlab_pages": {
"enabled": true,
"version": "1.17.0"
},
"container_registry_server": {
"vendor": "gitlab",
"version": "2.9.1-gitlab"
},
"database": {
"adapter": "postgresql",
"version": "9.6.15",
"pg_system_id": 6842684531675334351
},
"analytics_unique_visits": {
"g_analytics_contribution": 999,
...
},
"usage_activity_by_stage": {
"configure": {
"project_clusters_enabled": 999,
...
},
"create": {
"merge_requests": 999,
...
},
"manage": {
"events": 999,
...
},
"monitor": {
"clusters": 999,
...
},
"package": {
"projects_with_packages": 999
},
"plan": {
"issues": 999,
...
},
"release": {
"deployments": 999,
...
},
"secure": {
"user_container_scanning_jobs": 999,
...
},
"verify": {
"ci_builds": 999,
...
}
},
"usage_activity_by_stage_monthly": {
"configure": {
"project_clusters_enabled": 999,
...
},
"create": {
"merge_requests": 999,
...
},
"manage": {
"events": 999,
...
},
"monitor": {
"clusters": 999,
...
},
"package": {
"projects_with_packages": 999
},
"plan": {
"issues": 999,
...
},
"release": {
"deployments": 999,
...
},
"secure": {
"user_container_scanning_jobs": 999,
...
},
"verify": {
"ci_builds": 999,
...
}
},
"topology": {
"duration_s": 0.013836685999194742,
"application_requests_per_hour": 4224,
"query_apdex_weekly_average": 0.996,
"failures": [],
"nodes": [
{
"node_memory_total_bytes": 33269903360,
"node_memory_utilization": 0.35,
"node_cpus": 16,
"node_cpu_utilization": 0.2,
"node_uname_info": {
"machine": "x86_64",
"sysname": "Linux",
"release": "4.19.76-linuxkit"
},
"node_services": [
{
"name": "web",
"process_count": 16,
"process_memory_pss": 233349888,
"process_memory_rss": 788220927,
"process_memory_uss": 195295487,
"server": "puma"
},
{
"name": "sidekiq",
"process_count": 1,
"process_memory_pss": 734080000,
"process_memory_rss": 750051328,
"process_memory_uss": 731533312
},
...
],
...
},
...
]
}
}
```
## Notable changes
In GitLab 13.5, `pg_system_id` was added to send the [PostgreSQL system identifier](https://www.2ndquadrant.com/en/blog/support-for-postgresqls-system-identifier-in-barman/).
## Exporting Service Ping SQL queries and definitions
Two Rake tasks exist to export Service Ping definitions.
- The Rake tasks export the raw SQL queries for `count`, `distinct_count`, `sum`.
- The Rake tasks export the Redis counter class or the line of the Redis block for `redis_usage_data`.
- The Rake tasks calculate the `alt_usage_data` metrics.
In the home directory of your local GitLab installation run the following Rake tasks for the YAML and JSON versions respectively:
```shell
# for YAML export
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_yaml
# for JSON export
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_json
# You may pipe the output into a file
bin/rake gitlab:usage_data:dump_sql_in_yaml > ~/Desktop/usage-metrics-2020-09-02.yaml
```
## Generating and troubleshooting Service Ping
This activity is to be done via a detached screen session on a remote server.
Before you begin these steps, make sure the key is added to the SSH agent locally
with the `ssh-add` command.
### Triggering
1. Connect to bastion with agent forwarding: `$ ssh -A lb-bastion.gprd.gitlab.com`
1. Create named screen: `$ screen -S <username>_usage_ping_<date>`
1. Connect to console host: `$ ssh $USER-rails@console-01-sv-gprd.c.gitlab-production.internal`
1. Run `SubmitUsagePingService.new.execute`
1. Detach from screen: `ctrl + a, ctrl + d`
1. Exit from bastion: `$ exit`
### Verification (After approx 30 hours)
1. Reconnect to bastion: `$ ssh -A lb-bastion.gprd.gitlab.com`
1. Find your screen session: `$ screen -ls`
1. Attach to your screen session: `$ screen -x 14226.mwawrzyniak_usage_ping_2021_01_22`
1. Check the last payload in `raw_usage_data` table: `RawUsageData.last.payload`
1. Check the when the payload was sent: `RawUsageData.last.sent_at`
## Troubleshooting
### Cannot disable Service Ping using the configuration file
The method to disable Service Ping using the GitLab configuration file does not work in
GitLab versions 9.3.0 to 13.12.3. To disable it, you need to use the Admin Area in
the GitLab UI instead. For more information, see
[this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/333269).
GitLab functionality and application settings cannot override or circumvent
restrictions at the network layer. If Service Ping is blocked by your firewall,
you are not impacted by this bug.
#### Check if you are affected
You can check if you were affected by this bug by using the Admin area or by
checking the configuration file of your GitLab instance:
- Using the Admin area:
1. On the top bar, go to the admin area (**{admin}**).
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand **Usage Statistics**.
1. Are you able to check/uncheck the checkbox to disable Service Ping?
- If _yes_, your GitLab instance is not affected by this bug.
- If you can't check/uncheck the checkbox, you are affected by this bug.
Read below [how to fix this](#how-to-fix-the-cannot-disable-service-ping-bug).
- Checking your GitLab instance configuration file:
To check whether you're impacted by this bug, check your instance configuration
settings. The configuration file in which Service Ping can be disabled will depend
on your installation and deployment method, but it will typically be one of the following:
- `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` for Omnibus GitLab Linux Package and Docker.
- `charts.yaml` for GitLab Helm and cloud-native Kubernetes deployments.
- `gitlab.yml` for GitLab installations from source.
To check the relevant configuration file for strings that indicate whether
Service Ping is disabled, you can use `grep`:
```shell
# Linux package
grep "usage_ping_enabled'\] = false" /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
# Kubernetes charts
grep "enableUsagePing: false" values.yaml
# From source
grep "usage_ping_enabled'\] = false" gitlab/config.yml
```
If you see any output after running the relevant command, your GitLab instance
may be affected by the bug. Otherwise, your instance is not affected.
#### How to fix the "Cannot disable Service Ping" bug
To work around this bug, you have two options:
- [Update](../../update/index.md) to GitLab 13.12.4 or newer to fix this bug.
- If you can't update to GitLab 13.12.4 or newer, enable Service Ping in the
configuration file, then disable Service Ping in the UI. For example, if you're
using the Linux package:
1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`:
```ruby
gitlab_rails['usage_ping_enabled'] = true
```
1. Reconfigure GitLab:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
1. In GitLab, on the top bar, go to the admin area (**{admin}**).
1. On the left sidebar, select **Settings > Metrics and profiling**.
1. Expand **Usage Statistics**.
1. Clear the **Enable service ping** checkbox.
1. Select **Save Changes**.
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doc/development/usage_ping/metrics_dictionary.md
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---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
redirect_to: '../service_ping/metrics_dictionary.md'
remove_date: '2021-10-09'
---
# Metrics Dictionary Guide
This file was moved to [another location](../service_ping/metrics_dictionary.md).
This guide describes Metrics Dictionary and how it's implemented
## Metrics Definition and validation
We are using [JSON Schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json) to validate the metrics definition.
This process is meant to ensure consistent and valid metrics defined for Service Ping. All metrics *must*:
- Comply with the defined [JSON schema](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json).
- Have a unique `key_path` .
- Have an owner.
All metrics are stored in YAML files:
- [`config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/metrics)
Each metric is defined in a separate YAML file consisting of a number of fields:
| Field | Required | Additional information |
|---------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------|
| `key_path` | yes | JSON key path for the metric, location in Service Ping payload. |
| `name` | no | Metric name suggestion. Can replace the last part of `key_path`. |
| `description` | yes | |
| `product_section` | yes | The [section](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/-/blob/master/data/sections.yml). |
| `product_stage` | no | The [stage](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml) for the metric. |
| `product_group` | yes | The [group](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml) that owns the metric. |
| `product_category` | no | The [product category](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/categories.yml) for the metric. |
| `value_type` | yes | `string`; one of [`string`, `number`, `boolean`, `object`](https://json-schema.org/understanding-json-schema/reference/type.html). |
| `status` | yes | `string`; [status](#metric-statuses) of the metric, may be set to `data_available`, `implemented`, `not_used`, `deprecated`, `removed`, `broken`. |
| `time_frame` | yes | `string`; may be set to a value like `7d`, `28d`, `all`, `none`. |
| `data_source` | yes | `string`; may be set to a value like `database`, `redis`, `redis_hll`, `prometheus`, `system`. |
| `data_category` | yes | `string`; [categories](#data-category) of the metric, may be set to `Operational`, `Optional`, `Subscription`, `Standard`. |
| `instrumentation_class` | no | `string`; [the class that implements the metric](metrics_instrumentation.md). |
| `distribution` | yes | `array`; may be set to one of `ce, ee` or `ee`. The [distribution](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/marketing/strategic-marketing/tiers/#definitions) where the tracked feature is available. |
| `tier` | yes | `array`; may be set to one of `free, premium, ultimate`, `premium, ultimate` or `ultimate`. The [tier]( https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/marketing/strategic-marketing/tiers/) where the tracked feature is available. |
| `milestone` | no | The milestone when the metric is introduced. |
| `milestone_removed` | no | The milestone when the metric is removed. |
| `introduced_by_url` | no | The URL to the Merge Request that introduced the metric. |
| `repair_issue_url` | no | The URL of the issue that was created to repair a metric with a `broken` status. |
| `options` | no | `object`: options information needed to calculate the metric value. |
| `skip_validation` | no | This should **not** be set. [Used for imported metrics until we review, update and make them valid](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/5425). |
### Metric statuses
Metric definitions can have one of the following statuses:
- `data_available`: Metric data is available and used in a Sisense dashboard.
- `implemented`: Metric is implemented but data is not yet available. This is a temporary
status for newly added metrics awaiting inclusion in a new release.
- `broken`: Metric reports broken data (for example, -1 fallback), or does not report data at all. A metric marked as `broken` must also have the `repair_issue_url` attribute.
- `not_used`: Metric is not used in any dashboard.
- `deprecated`: Metric is deprecated and possibly planned to be removed.
- `removed`: Metric was removed, but it may appear in Service Ping payloads sent from instances running on older versions of GitLab.
### Metric value_type
Metric definitions can have one of the following values for `value_type`:
- `boolean`
- `number`
- `string`
- `object`: A metric with `value_type: object` must have `value_json_schema` with a link to the JSON schema for the object.
In general, we avoid complex objects and prefer one of the `boolean`, `number`, or `string` value types.
An example of a metric that uses `value_type: object` is `topology` (`/config/metrics/settings/20210323120839_topology.yml`),
which has a related schema in `/config/metrics/objects_schemas/topology_schema.json`.
### Metric time_frame
- `7d`: The metric data applies to the most recent 7-day interval. For example, the following metric counts the number of users that create epics over a 7-day interval: `ee/config/metrics/counts_7d/20210305145820_g_product_planning_epic_created_weekly.yml`.
- `28d`: The metric data applies to the most recent 28-day interval. For example, the following metric counts the number of unique users that create issues over a 28-day interval: `config/metrics/counts_28d/20210216181139_issues.yml`.
- `all`: The metric data applies for the whole time the metric has been active (all-time interval). For example, the following metric counts all users that create issues: `/config/metrics/counts_all/20210216181115_issues.yml`.
- `none`: The metric collects a type of data that's not tracked over time, such as settings and configuration information. Therefore, a time interval is not applicable. For example, `uuid` has no time interval applicable: `config/metrics/license/20210201124933_uuid.yml`.
### Metric name
To improve metric discoverability by a wider audience, each metric with
instrumentation added at an appointed `key_path` receives a `name` attribute
filled with the name suggestion, corresponding to the metric `data_source` and instrumentation.
Metric name suggestions can contain two types of elements:
1. **User input prompts**: Enclosed by `<>`, these pieces should be replaced or
removed when you create a metrics YAML file.
1. **Fixed suggestion**: Plaintext parts generated according to well-defined algorithms.
They are based on underlying instrumentation, and should not be changed.
For a metric name to be valid, it must not include any prompt, and no fixed suggestions
should be changed.
### Data category
We use the following categories to classify a metric:
- `Operational`: Required data for operational purposes.
- `Optional`: Data that is optional to collect. This can be [enabled or disabled](../usage_ping/index.md#disable-service-ping) in the Admin Area.
- `Subscription`: Data related to licensing.
- `Standard`: Standard set of identifiers that are included when collecting data.
### Metric name suggestion examples
#### Metric with `data_source: database`
For a metric instrumented with SQL:
```sql
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) FROM clusters WHERE clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL
```
- **Suggested name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_<adjective describing: '(clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL)'>_clusters`
- **Prompt**: `<adjective describing: '(clusters.management_project_id IS NOT NULL)'>`
should be replaced with an adjective that best represents filter conditions, such as `project_management`
- **Final metric name**: For example, `count_distinct_user_id_from_project_management_clusters`
For metric instrumented with SQL:
```sql
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT clusters.user_id)
FROM clusters_applications_helm
INNER JOIN clusters ON clusters.id = clusters_applications_helm.cluster_id
WHERE clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5)
```
- **Suggested name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>_clusters_<with>_<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>_clusters_applications_helm`
- **Prompt**: `<adjective describing: '(clusters_applications_helm.status IN (3, 5))'>`
should be replaced with an adjective that best represents filter conditions
- **Final metric name**: `count_distinct_user_id_from_clusters_with_available_clusters_applications_helm`
In the previous example, the prompt is irrelevant, and user can remove it. The second
occurrence corresponds with the `available` scope defined in `Clusters::Concerns::ApplicationStatus`.
It can be used as the right adjective to replace prompt.
The `<with>` represents a suggested conjunction for the suggested name of the joined relation.
The person documenting the metric can use it by either:
- Removing the surrounding `<>`.
- Using a different conjunction, such as `having` or `including`.
#### Metric with `data_source: redis` or `redis_hll`
For metrics instrumented with a Redis-based counter, the suggested name includes
only the single prompt to be replaced by the person working with metrics YAML.
- **Prompt**: `<please fill metric name, suggested format is: {subject}_{verb}{ing|ed}_{object} eg: users_creating_epics or merge_requests_viewed_in_single_file_mode>`
- **Final metric name**: We suggest the metric name should follow the format of
`{subject}_{verb}{ing|ed}_{object}`, such as `user_creating_epics`, `users_triggering_security_scans`,
or `merge_requests_viewed_in_single_file_mode`
#### Metric with `data_source: prometheus` or `system`
For metrics instrumented with Prometheus or coming from the operating system,
the suggested name includes only the single prompt by person working with metrics YAML.
- **Prompt**: `<please fill metric name>`
- **Final metric name**: Due to the variety of cases that can apply to this kind of metric,
no naming convention exists. Each person instrumenting a metric should use their
best judgment to come up with a descriptive name.
### Example YAML metric definition
The linked [`uuid`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/license/uuid.yml)
YAML file includes an example metric definition, where the `uuid` metric is the GitLab
instance unique identifier.
```yaml
key_path: uuid
description: GitLab instance unique identifier
product_category: collection
product_section: growth
product_stage: growth
product_group: group::product intelligence
value_type: string
status: data_available
milestone: 9.1
introduced_by_url: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/1521
time_frame: none
data_source: database
distribution:
- ce
- ee
tier:
- free
- premium
- ultimate
```
## Create a new metric definition
The GitLab codebase provides a dedicated [generator](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_definition_generator.rb) to create new metric definitions.
For uniqueness, the generated file includes a timestamp prefix, in ISO 8601 format.
The generator takes the key path argument and 2 options and creates the metric YAML definition in corresponding location:
- `--ee`, `--no-ee` Indicates if metric is for EE.
- `--dir=DIR` indicates the metric directory. It must be one of: `counts_7d`, `7d`, `counts_28d`, `28d`, `counts_all`, `all`, `settings`, `license`.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition counts.issues --dir=7d
create config/metrics/counts_7d/issues.yml
```
NOTE:
To create a metric definition used in EE, add the `--ee` flag.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition counts.issues --ee --dir=7d
create ee/config/metrics/counts_7d/issues.yml
```
## Metrics added dynamic to Service Ping payload
The [Redis HLL metrics](index.md#known-events-are-added-automatically-in-service-data-payload) are added automatically to Service Ping payload.
A YAML metric definition is required for each metric. A dedicated generator is provided to create metric definitions for Redis HLL events.
The generator takes `category` and `event` arguments, as the root key will be `redis_hll_counters`, and creates two metric definitions for weekly and monthly timeframes:
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition:redis_hll issues i_closed
create config/metrics/counts_7d/i_closed_weekly.yml
create config/metrics/counts_28d/i_closed_monthly.yml
```
To create a metric definition used in EE, add the `--ee` flag.
```shell
bundle exec rails generate gitlab:usage_metric_definition:redis_hll issues users_closing_issues --ee
create config/metrics/counts_7d/i_closed_weekly.yml
create config/metrics/counts_28d/i_closed_monthly.yml
```
<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2021-10-09>. -->
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doc/development/usage_ping/metrics_instrumentation.md
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---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
redirect_to: '../service_ping/metrics_instrumentation.md'
remove_date: '2021-10-09'
---
# Metrics instrumentation guide
This file was moved to [another location](../service_ping/metrics_instrumentation.md).
This guide describes how to develop Service Ping metrics using metrics instrumentation.
## Nomenclature
- **Instrumentation class**:
- Inherits one of the metric classes: `DatabaseMetric`, `RedisHLLMetric` or `GenericMetric`.
- Implements the logic that calculates the value for a Service Ping metric.
- **Metric definition**
The Service Data metric YAML definition.
- **Hardening**:
Hardening a method is the process that ensures the method fails safe, returning a fallback value like -1.
## How it works
A metric definition has the [`instrumentation_class`](metrics_dictionary.md) field, which can be set to a class.
The defined instrumentation class should have one of the existing metric classes: `DatabaseMetric`, `RedisHLLMetric`, or `GenericMetric`.
Using the instrumentation classes ensures that metrics can fail safe individually, without breaking the entire
process of Service Ping generation.
We have built a domain-specific language (DSL) to define the metrics instrumentation.
## Database metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a database metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60022).
```ruby
module Gitlab
module Usage
module Metrics
module Instrumentations
class CountBoardsMetric < DatabaseMetric
operation :count
relation { Board }
end
end
end
end
end
```
## Redis HyperLogLog metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a `RedisHLL` metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/61685).
Count unique values for `i_quickactions_approve` event.
```yaml
time_frame: 28d
data_source: redis_hll
instrumentation_class: 'Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Instrumentations::RedisHLLMetric'
options:
events:
- i_quickactions_approve
```
## Generic metrics
[Example of a merge request that adds a generic metric](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/60256).
```ruby
module Gitlab
module Usage
module Metrics
module Instrumentations
class UuidMetric < GenericMetric
value do
Gitlab::CurrentSettings.uuid
end
end
end
end
end
end
```
## Creating a new metric instrumentation class
To create a stub instrumentation for a Service Ping metric, you can use a dedicated [generator](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_generator.rb):
The generator takes the class name as an argument and the following options:
- `--type=TYPE` Required. Indicates the metric type. It must be one of: `database`, `generic`, `redis_hll`.
- `--ee` Indicates if the metric is for EE.
```shell
rails generate gitlab:usage_metric CountIssues --type database
create lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/instrumentations/count_issues_metric.rb
create spec/lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/instrumentations/count_issues_metric_spec.rb
```
<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2021-10-09>. -->
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doc/development/usage_ping/product_intelligence_review.md
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---
redirect_to: 'review_guidelines.md'
remove_date: '2021-09-16'
redirect_to: '../service_ping/review_guidelines.md'
remove_date: '2021-10-09'
---
This file was moved to [another location](review_guidelines.md).
This file was moved to [another location](../service_ping/review_guidelines.md).
<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2021-09-16>. -->
<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2021-10-09>. -->
<!-- Before deletion, see: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/documentation/#move-or-rename-a-page -->
doc/development/usage_ping/review_guidelines.md
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---
stage: Growth
group: Product Intelligence
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
redirect_to: '../service_ping/review_guidelines.md'
remove_date: '2021-10-09'
---
# Service Ping review guidelines
This file was moved to [another location](../service_ping/review_guidelines.md).
This page includes introductory material for a
[Product Intelligence](https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/development/growth/product-intelligence/)
review, and is specific to Service Ping related reviews. For broader advice and
general best practices for code reviews, refer to our [code review guide](../code_review.md).
## Resources for reviewers
- [Service Ping Guide](index.md)
- [Metrics Dictionary](metrics_dictionary.md)
## Review process
We recommend a Product Intelligence review when a merge request (MR) touches
any of the following Service Ping files:
- `usage_data*` files.
- The Metrics Dictionary, including files in:
- [`config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/config/metrics).
- [`ee/config/metrics`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/tree/master/ee/config/metrics).
- [`dictionary.md`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/development/usage_ping/dictionary.md).
- [`schema.json`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/schema.json).
- Product Intelligence tooling. For example,
[`Gitlab::UsageMetricDefinitionGenerator`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/generators/gitlab/usage_metric_definition_generator.rb)
### Roles and process
#### The merge request **author** should
- Decide whether a Product Intelligence review is needed.
- If a Product Intelligence review is needed, add the labels
`~product intelligence` and `~product intelligence::review pending`.
- Assign an
[engineer](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers/-/group_members?with_inherited_permissions=exclude) from the Product Intelligence team for a review.
- Set the correct attributes in the metric's YAML definition:
- `product_section`, `product_stage`, `product_group`, `product_category`
- Provide a clear description of the metric.
- Update the
[Metrics Dictionary](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/doc/development/usage_ping/dictionary.md) if needed.
- Add a changelog [according to guidelines](../changelog.md).
#### The Product Intelligence **reviewer** should
- Perform a first-pass review on the merge request and suggest improvements to the author.
- Check the [metrics location](index.md#1-naming-and-placing-the-metrics) in
the Service Ping JSON payload.
- Add the `~database` label and ask for a [database review](../database_review.md) for
metrics that are based on Database.
- For tracking using Redis HLL (HyperLogLog):
- Check the Redis slot.
- Check if a [feature flag is needed](index.md#recommendations).
- For a metric's YAML definition:
- Check the metric's `description`.
- Check the metric's `key_path`.
- Check the `product_section`, `product_stage`, `product_group`, and `product_category` fields.
Read the [stages file](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/blob/master/data/stages.yml).
- Check the file location. Consider the time frame, and if the file should be under `ee`.
- Check the tiers.
- Approve the MR, and relabel the MR with `~"product intelligence::approved"`.
## Review workload distribution
[Danger bot](../dangerbot.md) adds the list of changed Product Intelligence files
and pings the
[`@gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers`](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/growth/product-intelligence/engineers/-/group_members?with_inherited_permissions=exclude) group for merge requests
that are not drafts.
Any of the Product Intelligence engineers can be assigned for the Product Intelligence review.
<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2021-10-09>. -->
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doc/raketasks/index.md
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......@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ The following Rake tasks are available for use with GitLab:
| [Repository storage](../administration/raketasks/storage.md) | List and migrate existing projects and attachments from legacy storage to hashed storage. |
| [Uploads migrate](../administration/raketasks/uploads/migrate.md) | Migrate uploads between local storage and object storage. |
| [Uploads sanitize](../administration/raketasks/uploads/sanitize.md) | Remove EXIF data from images uploaded to earlier versions of GitLab. |
| [Service Data](../administration/troubleshooting/gitlab_rails_cheat_sheet.md#generate-service-ping) | Generate and troubleshoot [Service Ping](../development/usage_ping/index.md). |
| [Service Data](../administration/troubleshooting/gitlab_rails_cheat_sheet.md#generate-service-ping) | Generate and troubleshoot [Service Ping](../development/service_ping/index.md). |
| [User management](user_management.md) | Perform user management tasks. |
| [Webhooks administration](web_hooks.md) | Maintain project webhooks. |
| [X.509 signatures](x509_signatures.md) | Update X.509 commit signatures, which can be useful if the certificate store changed. |
doc/user/admin_area/settings/usage_statistics.md
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......@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ sequenceDiagram
## Service Ping **(FREE SELF)**
See [Service Ping guide](../../../development/usage_ping/index.md).
See [Service Ping guide](../../../development/service_ping/index.md).
## Instance-level analytics availability
......
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