Commit 0d68bc92 authored by Namhyung Kim's avatar Namhyung Kim Committed by Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo

perf kmem: Analyze page allocator events also

The perf kmem command records and analyze kernel memory allocation only
for SLAB objects.  This patch implement a simple page allocator analyzer
using kmem:mm_page_alloc and kmem:mm_page_free events.

It adds two new options of --slab and --page.  The --slab option is for
analyzing SLAB allocator and that's what perf kmem currently does.

The new --page option enables page allocator events and analyze kernel
memory usage in page unit.  Currently, 'stat --alloc' subcommand is
implemented only.

If none of these --slab nor --page is specified, --slab is implied.

First run 'perf kmem record' to generate a suitable perf.data file:

  # perf kmem record --page sleep 5

Then run 'perf kmem stat' to postprocess the perf.data file:

  # perf kmem stat --page --alloc --line 10

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   PFN              | Total alloc (KB) | Hits     | Order | Mig.type | GFP flags
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            4045014 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            4143980 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3938658 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            4045400 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3568708 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3729824 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3657210 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            4120750 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3678850 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
            3693874 |               16 |        1 |     2 |  RECLAIM |  00285250
   ...              | ...              | ...      | ...   | ...      | ...
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  SUMMARY (page allocator)
  ========================
  Total allocation requests     :           44,260   [          177,256 KB ]
  Total free requests           :              117   [              468 KB ]

  Total alloc+freed requests    :               49   [              196 KB ]
  Total alloc-only requests     :           44,211   [          177,060 KB ]
  Total free-only requests      :               68   [              272 KB ]

  Total allocation failures     :                0   [                0 KB ]

  Order     Unmovable   Reclaimable       Movable      Reserved  CMA/Isolated
  -----  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------  ------------
      0            32             .        44,210             .             .
      1             .             .             .             .             .
      2             .            18             .             .             .
      3             .             .             .             .             .
      4             .             .             .             .             .
      5             .             .             .             .             .
      6             .             .             .             .             .
      7             .             .             .             .             .
      8             .             .             .             .             .
      9             .             .             .             .             .
     10             .             .             .             .             .
Signed-off-by: default avatarNamhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Tested-by: default avatarArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428298576-9785-4-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: default avatarArnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
parent 9fdd8a87
......@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ perf-kmem(1)
NAME
----
perf-kmem - Tool to trace/measure kernel memory(slab) properties
perf-kmem - Tool to trace/measure kernel memory properties
SYNOPSIS
--------
......@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ OPTIONS
--raw-ip::
Print raw ip instead of symbol
--slab::
Analyze SLAB allocator events.
--page::
Analyze page allocator events
SEE ALSO
--------
linkperf:perf-record[1]
......@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <locale.h>
static int kmem_slab;
static int kmem_page;
static long kmem_page_size;
struct alloc_stat;
typedef int (*sort_fn_t)(struct alloc_stat *, struct alloc_stat *);
......@@ -226,6 +231,244 @@ static int perf_evsel__process_free_event(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
return 0;
}
static u64 total_page_alloc_bytes;
static u64 total_page_free_bytes;
static u64 total_page_nomatch_bytes;
static u64 total_page_fail_bytes;
static unsigned long nr_page_allocs;
static unsigned long nr_page_frees;
static unsigned long nr_page_fails;
static unsigned long nr_page_nomatch;
static bool use_pfn;
#define MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES 6
#define MAX_PAGE_ORDER 11
static int order_stats[MAX_PAGE_ORDER][MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES];
struct page_stat {
struct rb_node node;
u64 page;
int order;
unsigned gfp_flags;
unsigned migrate_type;
u64 alloc_bytes;
u64 free_bytes;
int nr_alloc;
int nr_free;
};
static struct rb_root page_tree;
static struct rb_root page_alloc_tree;
static struct rb_root page_alloc_sorted;
static struct page_stat *search_page(unsigned long page, bool create)
{
struct rb_node **node = &page_tree.rb_node;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
struct page_stat *data;
while (*node) {
s64 cmp;
parent = *node;
data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
cmp = data->page - page;
if (cmp < 0)
node = &parent->rb_left;
else if (cmp > 0)
node = &parent->rb_right;
else
return data;
}
if (!create)
return NULL;
data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
if (data != NULL) {
data->page = page;
rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_tree);
}
return data;
}
static int page_stat_cmp(struct page_stat *a, struct page_stat *b)
{
if (a->page > b->page)
return -1;
if (a->page < b->page)
return 1;
if (a->order > b->order)
return -1;
if (a->order < b->order)
return 1;
if (a->migrate_type > b->migrate_type)
return -1;
if (a->migrate_type < b->migrate_type)
return 1;
if (a->gfp_flags > b->gfp_flags)
return -1;
if (a->gfp_flags < b->gfp_flags)
return 1;
return 0;
}
static struct page_stat *search_page_alloc_stat(struct page_stat *stat, bool create)
{
struct rb_node **node = &page_alloc_tree.rb_node;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
struct page_stat *data;
while (*node) {
s64 cmp;
parent = *node;
data = rb_entry(*node, struct page_stat, node);
cmp = page_stat_cmp(data, stat);
if (cmp < 0)
node = &parent->rb_left;
else if (cmp > 0)
node = &parent->rb_right;
else
return data;
}
if (!create)
return NULL;
data = zalloc(sizeof(*data));
if (data != NULL) {
data->page = stat->page;
data->order = stat->order;
data->gfp_flags = stat->gfp_flags;
data->migrate_type = stat->migrate_type;
rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, node);
rb_insert_color(&data->node, &page_alloc_tree);
}
return data;
}
static bool valid_page(u64 pfn_or_page)
{
if (use_pfn && pfn_or_page == -1UL)
return false;
if (!use_pfn && pfn_or_page == 0)
return false;
return true;
}
static int perf_evsel__process_page_alloc_event(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
struct perf_sample *sample)
{
u64 page;
unsigned int order = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
unsigned int gfp_flags = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "gfp_flags");
unsigned int migrate_type = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample,
"migratetype");
u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
struct page_stat *stat;
struct page_stat this = {
.order = order,
.gfp_flags = gfp_flags,
.migrate_type = migrate_type,
};
if (use_pfn)
page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
else
page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
nr_page_allocs++;
total_page_alloc_bytes += bytes;
if (!valid_page(page)) {
nr_page_fails++;
total_page_fail_bytes += bytes;
return 0;
}
/*
* This is to find the current page (with correct gfp flags and
* migrate type) at free event.
*/
stat = search_page(page, true);
if (stat == NULL)
return -ENOMEM;
stat->order = order;
stat->gfp_flags = gfp_flags;
stat->migrate_type = migrate_type;
this.page = page;
stat = search_page_alloc_stat(&this, true);
if (stat == NULL)
return -ENOMEM;
stat->nr_alloc++;
stat->alloc_bytes += bytes;
order_stats[order][migrate_type]++;
return 0;
}
static int perf_evsel__process_page_free_event(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
struct perf_sample *sample)
{
u64 page;
unsigned int order = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "order");
u64 bytes = kmem_page_size << order;
struct page_stat *stat;
struct page_stat this = {
.order = order,
};
if (use_pfn)
page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pfn");
else
page = perf_evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "page");
nr_page_frees++;
total_page_free_bytes += bytes;
stat = search_page(page, false);
if (stat == NULL) {
pr_debug2("missing free at page %"PRIx64" (order: %d)\n",
page, order);
nr_page_nomatch++;
total_page_nomatch_bytes += bytes;
return 0;
}
this.page = page;
this.gfp_flags = stat->gfp_flags;
this.migrate_type = stat->migrate_type;
rb_erase(&stat->node, &page_tree);
free(stat);
stat = search_page_alloc_stat(&this, false);
if (stat == NULL)
return -ENOENT;
stat->nr_free++;
stat->free_bytes += bytes;
return 0;
}
typedef int (*tracepoint_handler)(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
struct perf_sample *sample);
......@@ -270,8 +513,9 @@ static double fragmentation(unsigned long n_req, unsigned long n_alloc)
return 100.0 - (100.0 * n_req / n_alloc);
}
static void __print_result(struct rb_root *root, struct perf_session *session,
int n_lines, int is_caller)
static void __print_slab_result(struct rb_root *root,
struct perf_session *session,
int n_lines, int is_caller)
{
struct rb_node *next;
struct machine *machine = &session->machines.host;
......@@ -323,9 +567,56 @@ static void __print_result(struct rb_root *root, struct perf_session *session,
printf("%.105s\n", graph_dotted_line);
}
static void print_summary(void)
static const char * const migrate_type_str[] = {
"UNMOVABL",
"RECLAIM",
"MOVABLE",
"RESERVED",
"CMA/ISLT",
"UNKNOWN",
};
static void __print_page_result(struct rb_root *root,
struct perf_session *session __maybe_unused,
int n_lines)
{
struct rb_node *next = rb_first(root);
const char *format;
printf("\n%.80s\n", graph_dotted_line);
printf(" %-16s | Total alloc (KB) | Hits | Order | Mig.type | GFP flags\n",
use_pfn ? "PFN" : "Page");
printf("%.80s\n", graph_dotted_line);
if (use_pfn)
format = " %16llu | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %08lx\n";
else
format = " %016llx | %'16llu | %'9d | %5d | %8s | %08lx\n";
while (next && n_lines--) {
struct page_stat *data;
data = rb_entry(next, struct page_stat, node);
printf(format, (unsigned long long)data->page,
(unsigned long long)data->alloc_bytes / 1024,
data->nr_alloc, data->order,
migrate_type_str[data->migrate_type],
(unsigned long)data->gfp_flags);
next = rb_next(next);
}
if (n_lines == -1)
printf(" ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... \n");
printf("%.80s\n", graph_dotted_line);
}
static void print_slab_summary(void)
{
printf("\nSUMMARY\n=======\n");
printf("\nSUMMARY (SLAB allocator)");
printf("\n========================\n");
printf("Total bytes requested: %'lu\n", total_requested);
printf("Total bytes allocated: %'lu\n", total_allocated);
printf("Total bytes wasted on internal fragmentation: %'lu\n",
......@@ -335,13 +626,73 @@ static void print_summary(void)
printf("Cross CPU allocations: %'lu/%'lu\n", nr_cross_allocs, nr_allocs);
}
static void print_result(struct perf_session *session)
static void print_page_summary(void)
{
int o, m;
u64 nr_alloc_freed = nr_page_frees - nr_page_nomatch;
u64 total_alloc_freed_bytes = total_page_free_bytes - total_page_nomatch_bytes;
printf("\nSUMMARY (page allocator)");
printf("\n========================\n");
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation requests",
nr_page_allocs, total_page_alloc_bytes / 1024);
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free requests",
nr_page_frees, total_page_free_bytes / 1024);
printf("\n");
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc+freed requests",
nr_alloc_freed, (total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total alloc-only requests",
nr_page_allocs - nr_alloc_freed,
(total_page_alloc_bytes - total_alloc_freed_bytes) / 1024);
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total free-only requests",
nr_page_nomatch, total_page_nomatch_bytes / 1024);
printf("\n");
printf("%-30s: %'16lu [ %'16"PRIu64" KB ]\n", "Total allocation failures",
nr_page_fails, total_page_fail_bytes / 1024);
printf("\n");
printf("%5s %12s %12s %12s %12s %12s\n", "Order", "Unmovable",
"Reclaimable", "Movable", "Reserved", "CMA/Isolated");
printf("%.5s %.12s %.12s %.12s %.12s %.12s\n", graph_dotted_line,
graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line,
graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line);
for (o = 0; o < MAX_PAGE_ORDER; o++) {
printf("%5d", o);
for (m = 0; m < MAX_MIGRATE_TYPES - 1; m++) {
if (order_stats[o][m])
printf(" %'12d", order_stats[o][m]);
else
printf(" %12c", '.');
}
printf("\n");
}
}
static void print_slab_result(struct perf_session *session)
{
if (caller_flag)
__print_result(&root_caller_sorted, session, caller_lines, 1);
__print_slab_result(&root_caller_sorted, session, caller_lines, 1);
if (alloc_flag)
__print_slab_result(&root_alloc_sorted, session, alloc_lines, 0);
print_slab_summary();
}
static void print_page_result(struct perf_session *session)
{
if (alloc_flag)
__print_result(&root_alloc_sorted, session, alloc_lines, 0);
print_summary();
__print_page_result(&page_alloc_sorted, session, alloc_lines);
print_page_summary();
}
static void print_result(struct perf_session *session)
{
if (kmem_slab)
print_slab_result(session);
if (kmem_page)
print_page_result(session);
}
struct sort_dimension {
......@@ -353,8 +704,8 @@ struct sort_dimension {
static LIST_HEAD(caller_sort);
static LIST_HEAD(alloc_sort);
static void sort_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct alloc_stat *data,
struct list_head *sort_list)
static void sort_slab_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct alloc_stat *data,
struct list_head *sort_list)
{
struct rb_node **new = &(root->rb_node);
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
......@@ -383,8 +734,8 @@ static void sort_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct alloc_stat *data,
rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
}
static void __sort_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
struct list_head *sort_list)
static void __sort_slab_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
struct list_head *sort_list)
{
struct rb_node *node;
struct alloc_stat *data;
......@@ -396,26 +747,79 @@ static void __sort_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted,
rb_erase(node, root);
data = rb_entry(node, struct alloc_stat, node);
sort_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
sort_slab_insert(root_sorted, data, sort_list);
}
}
static void sort_page_insert(struct rb_root *root, struct page_stat *data)
{
struct rb_node **new = &root->rb_node;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
while (*new) {
struct page_stat *this;
int cmp = 0;
this = rb_entry(*new, struct page_stat, node);
parent = *new;
/* TODO: support more sort key */
cmp = data->alloc_bytes - this->alloc_bytes;
if (cmp > 0)
new = &parent->rb_left;
else
new = &parent->rb_right;
}
rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
rb_insert_color(&data->node, root);
}
static void __sort_page_result(struct rb_root *root, struct rb_root *root_sorted)
{
struct rb_node *node;
struct page_stat *data;
for (;;) {
node = rb_first(root);
if (!node)
break;
rb_erase(node, root);
data = rb_entry(node, struct page_stat, node);
sort_page_insert(root_sorted, data);
}
}
static void sort_result(void)
{
__sort_result(&root_alloc_stat, &root_alloc_sorted, &alloc_sort);
__sort_result(&root_caller_stat, &root_caller_sorted, &caller_sort);
if (kmem_slab) {
__sort_slab_result(&root_alloc_stat, &root_alloc_sorted,
&alloc_sort);
__sort_slab_result(&root_caller_stat, &root_caller_sorted,
&caller_sort);
}
if (kmem_page) {
__sort_page_result(&page_alloc_tree, &page_alloc_sorted);
}
}
static int __cmd_kmem(struct perf_session *session)
{
int err = -EINVAL;
struct perf_evsel *evsel;
const struct perf_evsel_str_handler kmem_tracepoints[] = {
/* slab allocator */
{ "kmem:kmalloc", perf_evsel__process_alloc_event, },
{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc", perf_evsel__process_alloc_event, },
{ "kmem:kmalloc_node", perf_evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
{ "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node", perf_evsel__process_alloc_node_event, },
{ "kmem:kfree", perf_evsel__process_free_event, },
{ "kmem:kmem_cache_free", perf_evsel__process_free_event, },
/* page allocator */
{ "kmem:mm_page_alloc", perf_evsel__process_page_alloc_event, },
{ "kmem:mm_page_free", perf_evsel__process_page_free_event, },
};
if (!perf_session__has_traces(session, "kmem record"))
......@@ -426,10 +830,20 @@ static int __cmd_kmem(struct perf_session *session)
goto out;
}
evlist__for_each(session->evlist, evsel) {
if (!strcmp(perf_evsel__name(evsel), "kmem:mm_page_alloc") &&
perf_evsel__field(evsel, "pfn")) {
use_pfn = true;
break;
}
}
setup_pager();
err = perf_session__process_events(session);
if (err != 0)
if (err != 0) {
pr_err("error during process events: %d\n", err);
goto out;
}
sort_result();
print_result(session);
out:
......@@ -612,6 +1026,22 @@ static int parse_alloc_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
return 0;
}
static int parse_slab_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
const char *arg __maybe_unused,
int unset __maybe_unused)
{
kmem_slab = (kmem_page + 1);
return 0;
}
static int parse_page_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
const char *arg __maybe_unused,
int unset __maybe_unused)
{
kmem_page = (kmem_slab + 1);
return 0;
}
static int parse_line_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
{
......@@ -634,6 +1064,8 @@ static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
{
const char * const record_args[] = {
"record", "-a", "-R", "-c", "1",
};
const char * const slab_events[] = {
"-e", "kmem:kmalloc",
"-e", "kmem:kmalloc_node",
"-e", "kmem:kfree",
......@@ -641,10 +1073,19 @@ static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_alloc_node",
"-e", "kmem:kmem_cache_free",
};
const char * const page_events[] = {
"-e", "kmem:mm_page_alloc",
"-e", "kmem:mm_page_free",
};
unsigned int rec_argc, i, j;
const char **rec_argv;
rec_argc = ARRAY_SIZE(record_args) + argc - 1;
if (kmem_slab)
rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events);
if (kmem_page)
rec_argc += ARRAY_SIZE(page_events);
rec_argv = calloc(rec_argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
if (rec_argv == NULL)
......@@ -653,6 +1094,15 @@ static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(record_args); i++)
rec_argv[i] = strdup(record_args[i]);
if (kmem_slab) {
for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(slab_events); j++, i++)
rec_argv[i] = strdup(slab_events[j]);
}
if (kmem_page) {
for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(page_events); j++, i++)
rec_argv[i] = strdup(page_events[j]);
}
for (j = 1; j < (unsigned int)argc; j++, i++)
rec_argv[i] = argv[j];
......@@ -679,6 +1129,10 @@ int cmd_kmem(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
OPT_CALLBACK('l', "line", NULL, "num", "show n lines", parse_line_opt),
OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "raw-ip", &raw_ip, "show raw ip instead of symbol"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &file.force, "don't complain, do it"),
OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "slab", NULL, NULL, "Analyze slab allocator",
parse_slab_opt),
OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT(0, "page", NULL, NULL, "Analyze page allocator",
parse_page_opt),
OPT_END()
};
const char *const kmem_subcommands[] = { "record", "stat", NULL };
......@@ -695,6 +1149,9 @@ int cmd_kmem(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
if (!argc)
usage_with_options(kmem_usage, kmem_options);
if (kmem_slab == 0 && kmem_page == 0)
kmem_slab = 1; /* for backward compatibility */
if (!strncmp(argv[0], "rec", 3)) {
symbol__init(NULL);
return __cmd_record(argc, argv);
......@@ -706,6 +1163,17 @@ int cmd_kmem(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
if (session == NULL)
return -1;
if (kmem_page) {
struct perf_evsel *evsel = perf_evlist__first(session->evlist);
if (evsel == NULL || evsel->tp_format == NULL) {
pr_err("invalid event found.. aborting\n");
return -1;
}
kmem_page_size = pevent_get_page_size(evsel->tp_format->pevent);
}
symbol__init(&session->header.env);
if (!strcmp(argv[0], "stat")) {
......
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