Merge tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation update from Jon Corbet:
 "There is a nice new document from Neil on how pathname lookups work
  and some new CAN driver documentation.  Beyond that, we have
  kernel-doc fixes, a bit more work to support reproducible builds, and
  the usual collection of small fixes"

* tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (34 commits)
  Documentation: add new description of path-name lookup.
  Documentation/vm/slub.txt: document slabinfo-gnuplot.sh
  Doc: ABI/stable: Fix typo in ABI/stable
  doc: Clarify that nmi_watchdog param is for hardlockups
  Typo correction for description in gpio document.
  DocBook: Fix kernel-doc to be case-insensitive for private:
  kernel-docs.txt: update kernelnewbies reference
  Doc:kvm: Fix typo in Doc/virtual/kvm
  Documentation/Changes: Add bc in "Current Minimal Requirements" section
  Documentation/email-clients.txt: remove trailing whitespace
  DocBook: Use a fixed encoding for output
  MAINTAINERS: The docs tree has moved
  Docs/kernel-parameters: Add earlycon devicetree usage
  SubmittingPatches: make Subject examples match the de facto standard
  Documentation: gpio: mention that <function>-gpio has been deprecated
  Documentation: cgroups: just fix a few typos
  Documentation: Update kselftest.txt
  Documentation: DMA API: Be more explicit that nents is always the same
  Documentation: Update the default value of crashkernel low
  zram: update documentation
  ...

Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-tpm

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Description:	The "pubek" property will return the TPM's public endorsement
 		owner's authorization. Since the TPM driver doesn't store any
 		secrets, it can't authorize its own request for the pubek,
 		making it unaccessible. The public endorsement key is gener-
-		ated at TPM menufacture time and exists for the life of the
+		ated at TPM manufacture time and exists for the life of the
 		chip.
 
 		Example output:
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ Date:		April 2006
 KernelVersion:	2.6.17
 Contact:	tpmdd-devel@lists.sf.net
 Description:	The "temp_deactivated" property returns a '1' if the chip has
-		been temporarily dectivated, usually until the next power
+		been temporarily deactivated, usually until the next power
 		cycle. Whether a warm boot (reboot) will clear a TPM chip
 		from a temp_deactivated state is platform specific.
 

Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-firmware-opal-elog

@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ Description:
 				Shortly after acknowledging it, the log
 				entry will be removed from sysfs.
 				Reading this file will list the supported
-				operations (curently just acknowledge).
\ No newline at end of file
+				operations (currently just acknowledge).

Documentation/Changes

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ o  grub                   0.93                    # grub --version || grub-insta
 o  mcelog                 0.6                     # mcelog --version
 o  iptables               1.4.2                   # iptables -V
 o  openssl & libcrypto    1.0.0                   # openssl version
+o  bc                     1.06.95                 # bc --version
 
 
 Kernel compilation

Documentation/DMA-API-HOWTO.txt

@@ -681,6 +681,11 @@ or:
 
 as appropriate.
 
+PLEASE NOTE:  The 'nents' argument to dma_sync_sg_for_cpu() and
+	      dma_sync_sg_for_device() must be the same passed to
+	      dma_map_sg(). It is _NOT_ the count returned by
+	      dma_map_sg().
+
 After the last DMA transfer call one of the DMA unmap routines
 dma_unmap_{single,sg}(). If you don't touch the data from the first
 dma_map_*() call till dma_unmap_*(), then you don't have to call the

Documentation/DMA-API.txt

@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ accessed sg->address and sg->length as shown above.
 
 	void
 	dma_unmap_sg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg,
-		int nhwentries, enum dma_data_direction direction)
+		int nents, enum dma_data_direction direction)
 
 Unmap the previously mapped scatter/gather list.  All the parameters
 must be the same as those and passed in to the scatter/gather mapping
@@ -356,10 +356,10 @@ void
 dma_sync_single_for_device(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle, size_t size,
 			   enum dma_data_direction direction)
 void
-dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nelems,
+dma_sync_sg_for_cpu(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents,
 		    enum dma_data_direction direction)
 void
-dma_sync_sg_for_device(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nelems,
+dma_sync_sg_for_device(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *sg, int nents,
 		       enum dma_data_direction direction)
 
 Synchronise a single contiguous or scatter/gather mapping for the CPU

Documentation/DocBook/.gitignore

@@ -11,5 +11,7 @@
 *.png
 *.gif
 *.svg
+*.proc
+*.db
 media-indices.tmpl
 media-entities.tmpl

Documentation/DocBook/Makefile

@@ -69,6 +69,12 @@ installmandocs: mandocs
 KERNELDOCXMLREF = $(srctree)/scripts/kernel-doc-xml-ref
 KERNELDOC       = $(srctree)/scripts/kernel-doc
 DOCPROC         = $(objtree)/scripts/docproc
+CHECK_LC_CTYPE = $(objtree)/scripts/check-lc_ctype
+
+# Use a fixed encoding - UTF-8 if the C library has support built-in
+# or ASCII if not
+LC_CTYPE := $(call try-run, LC_CTYPE=C.UTF-8 $(CHECK_LC_CTYPE),C.UTF-8,C)
+export LC_CTYPE
 
 XMLTOFLAGS = -m $(srctree)/$(src)/stylesheet.xsl
 XMLTOFLAGS += --skip-validation

Documentation/SubmittingPatches

@@ -659,8 +659,8 @@ succinct and descriptive, but that is what a well-written summary
 should do.
 
 The "summary phrase" may be prefixed by tags enclosed in square
-brackets: "Subject: [PATCH tag] <summary phrase>".  The tags are not
-considered part of the summary phrase, but describe how the patch
+brackets: "Subject: [PATCH <tag>...] <summary phrase>".  The tags are
+not considered part of the summary phrase, but describe how the patch
 should be treated.  Common tags might include a version descriptor if
 the multiple versions of the patch have been sent out in response to
 comments (i.e., "v1, v2, v3"), or "RFC" to indicate a request for
@@ -672,8 +672,8 @@ the patch series.
 
 A couple of example Subjects:
 
-    Subject: [patch 2/5] ext2: improve scalability of bitmap searching
-    Subject: [PATCHv2 001/207] x86: fix eflags tracking
+    Subject: [PATCH 2/5] ext2: improve scalability of bitmap searching
+    Subject: [PATCH v2 01/27] x86: fix eflags tracking
 
 The "from" line must be the very first line in the message body,
 and has the form:

Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt

@@ -14,8 +14,43 @@ Statistics for individual zram devices are exported through sysfs nodes at
 
 * Usage
 
+There are several ways to configure and manage zram device(-s):
+a) using zram and zram_control sysfs attributes
+b) using zramctl utility, provided by util-linux (util-linux@vger.kernel.org).
+
+In this document we will describe only 'manual' zram configuration steps,
+IOW, zram and zram_control sysfs attributes.
+
+In order to get a better idea about zramctl please consult util-linux
+documentation, zramctl man-page or `zramctl --help'. Please be informed
+that zram maintainers do not develop/maintain util-linux or zramctl, should
+you have any questions please contact util-linux@vger.kernel.org
+
 Following shows a typical sequence of steps for using zram.
 
+WARNING
+=======
+For the sake of simplicity we skip error checking parts in most of the
+examples below. However, it is your sole responsibility to handle errors.
+
+zram sysfs attributes always return negative values in case of errors.
+The list of possible return codes:
+-EBUSY	-- an attempt to modify an attribute that cannot be changed once
+the device has been initialised. Please reset device first;
+-ENOMEM	-- zram was not able to allocate enough memory to fulfil your
+needs;
+-EINVAL	-- invalid input has been provided.
+
+If you use 'echo', the returned value that is changed by 'echo' utility,
+and, in general case, something like:
+
+	echo 3 > /sys/block/zram0/max_comp_streams
+	if [ $? -ne 0 ];
+		handle_error
+	fi
+
+should suffice.
+
 1) Load Module:
 	modprobe zram num_devices=4
 	This creates 4 devices: /dev/zram{0,1,2,3}
@@ -47,7 +82,7 @@ max_comp_streams adjustment.
 
 3) Select compression algorithm
 	Using comp_algorithm device attribute one can see available and
-	currently selected (shown in square brackets) compression algortithms,
+	currently selected (shown in square brackets) compression algorithms,
 	change selected compression algorithm (once the device is initialised
 	there is no way to change compression algorithm).
 
@@ -119,7 +154,7 @@ execute
 8) Stats:
 Per-device statistics are exported as various nodes under /sys/block/zram<id>/
 
-A brief description of exported device attritbutes. For more details please
+A brief description of exported device attributes. For more details please
 read Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram.
 
 Name            access            description
@@ -140,8 +175,9 @@ zero_pages        RO    the number of zero filled pages written to this disk
 orig_data_size    RO    uncompressed size of data stored in this disk
 compr_data_size   RO    compressed size of data stored in this disk
 mem_used_total    RO    the amount of memory allocated for this disk
-mem_used_max      RW    the maximum amount memory zram have consumed to
-                        store compressed data
+mem_used_max      RW    the maximum amount of memory zram have consumed to
+                        store the data (to reset this counter to the actual
+                        current value, write 1 to this attribute)
 mem_limit         RW    the maximum amount of memory ZRAM can use to store
                         the compressed data
 pages_compacted   RO    the number of pages freed during compaction

Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ cgroups. Here is what you can do.
 - At macro level, first dd should finish first. To get more precise data, keep
   on looking at (with the help of script), at blkio.disk_time and
   blkio.disk_sectors files of both test1 and test2 groups. This will tell how
-  much disk time (in milli seconds), each group got and how many secotors each
+  much disk time (in milliseconds), each group got and how many sectors each
   group dispatched to the disk. We provide fairness in terms of disk time, so
   ideally io.disk_time of cgroups should be in proportion to the weight.
 

Documentation/cgroups/freezer-subsystem.txt

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ being frozen. This allows the bash example above and gdb to run as
 expected.
 
 The cgroup freezer is hierarchical. Freezing a cgroup freezes all
-tasks beloning to the cgroup and all its descendant cgroups. Each
+tasks belonging to the cgroup and all its descendant cgroups. Each
 cgroup has its own state (self-state) and the state inherited from the
 parent (parent-state). Iff both states are THAWED, the cgroup is
 THAWED.

Documentation/cgroups/unified-hierarchy.txt

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ may be specified in any order and not all pairs have to be specified.
 	${R|W}BPS are read/write bytes per second and ${R|W}IOPS are
 	read/write IOs per second.  "max" indicates no limit.  Writing
 	to the file follows the same format but the individual
-	settings may be ommitted or specified in any order.
+	settings may be omitted or specified in any order.
 
 	This file is available only on non-root cgroups.
 

Documentation/filesystems/path-lookup.txt

@@ -379,4 +379,4 @@ Papers and other documentation on dcache locking
 
 2. http://lse.sourceforge.net/locking/dcache/dcache.html
 
-
+3. path-lookup.md in this directory.

Documentation/filesystems/sysfs-tagging.txt

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ the sysfs directory entries we ensure that we don't have conflicts
 in the directories and applications only see a limited set of
 the network devices.
 
-Each sysfs directory entry may be tagged with zero or one
-namespaces.  A sysfs_dirent is augmented with a void *s_ns.  If a
-directory entry is tagged, then sysfs_dirent->s_flags will have a
-flag between KOBJ_NS_TYPE_NONE and KOBJ_NS_TYPES, and s_ns will
-point to the namespace to which it belongs.
+Each sysfs directory entry may be tagged with a namespace via the
+void *ns member of its kernfs_node.  If a directory entry is tagged,
+then kernfs_node->flags will have a flag between KOBJ_NS_TYPE_NONE
+and KOBJ_NS_TYPES, and ns will point to the namespace to which it
+belongs.
 
-Each sysfs superblock's sysfs_super_info contains an array void
+Each sysfs superblock's kernfs_super_info contains an array void
 *ns[KOBJ_NS_TYPES].  When a task in a tagging namespace
 kobj_nstype first mounts sysfs, a new superblock is created.  It
 will be differentiated from other sysfs mounts by having its
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ s_fs_info->ns[kobj_nstype] set to the new namespace.  Note that
 through bind mounting and mounts propagation, a task can easily view
 the contents of other namespaces' sysfs mounts.  Therefore, when a
 namespace exits, it will call kobj_ns_exit() to invalidate any
-sysfs_dirent->s_ns pointers pointing to it.
+kernfs_node->ns pointers pointing to it.
 
 Users of this interface:
 - define a type in the kobj_ns_type enumeration.

Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ ancestors of object hierarchies; i.e. the subsystems the objects
 belong to. 
 
 Sysfs internally stores a pointer to the kobject that implements a
-directory in the sysfs_dirent object associated with the directory. In
+directory in the kernfs_node object associated with the directory. In
 the past this kobject pointer has been used by sysfs to do reference
 counting directly on the kobject whenever the file is opened or closed.
 With the current sysfs implementation the kobject reference count is
@@ -191,8 +191,9 @@ implementations:
   be called again, rearmed, to fill the buffer.
 
 - On write(2), sysfs expects the entire buffer to be passed during the
-  first write. Sysfs then passes the entire buffer to the store()
-  method. 
+  first write. Sysfs then passes the entire buffer to the store() method.
+  A terminating null is added after the data on stores. This makes
+  functions like sysfs_streq() safe to use.
 
   When writing sysfs files, userspace processes should first read the
   entire file, modify the values it wishes to change, then write the

Documentation/gpio/board.txt

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ exact way to do it depends on the GPIO controller providing the GPIOs, see the
 device tree bindings for your controller.
 
 GPIOs mappings are defined in the consumer device's node, in a property named
-either <function>-gpios or <function>-gpio, where <function> is the function
-the driver will request through gpiod_get(). For example:
+<function>-gpios, where <function> is the function the driver will request
+through gpiod_get(). For example:
 
 	foo_device {
 		compatible = "acme,foo";
@@ -31,9 +31,13 @@ the driver will request through gpiod_get(). For example:
 			    <&gpio 16 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>, /* green */
 			    <&gpio 17 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; /* blue */
 
-		power-gpio = <&gpio 1 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
+		power-gpios = <&gpio 1 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
 	};
 
+Properties named <function>-gpio are also considered valid and old bindings use
+it but are only supported for compatibility reasons and should not be used for
+newer bindings since it has been deprecated.
+
 This property will make GPIOs 15, 16 and 17 available to the driver under the
 "led" function, and GPIO 1 as the "power" GPIO:
 

Documentation/gpio/sysfs.txt

@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ userspace GPIO can be used to determine system configuration data that
 standard kernels won't know about. And for some tasks, simple userspace
 GPIO drivers could be all that the system really needs.
 
-DO NOT ABUSE SYFS TO CONTROL HARDWARE THAT HAS PROPER KERNEL DRIVERS.
+DO NOT ABUSE SYSFS TO CONTROL HARDWARE THAT HAS PROPER KERNEL DRIVERS.
 PLEASE READ THE DOCUMENT NAMED "drivers-on-gpio.txt" IN THIS DOCUMENTATION
 DIRECTORY TO AVOID REINVENTING KERNEL WHEELS IN USERSPACE. I MEAN IT.
 REALLY.
 
 Paths in Sysfs
 --------------
-There are three kinds of entry in /sys/class/gpio:
+There are three kinds of entries in /sys/class/gpio:
 
    -	Control interfaces used to get userspace control over GPIOs;
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ read-only attributes:
 
     	"label" ... provided for diagnostics (not always unique)
 
-    	"ngpio" ... how many GPIOs this manges (N to N + ngpio - 1)
+        "ngpio" ... how many GPIOs this manages (N to N + ngpio - 1)
 
 Board documentation should in most cases cover what GPIOs are used for
 what purposes. However, those numbers are not always stable; GPIOs on

Documentation/kernel-docs.txt

@@ -696,18 +696,18 @@
        Memory related patches, HOWTOs, links, mm developers... Don't miss
        it if you are interested in memory management development!
 
-     * Name: "Kernel Newbies IRC Channel"
+     * Name: "Kernel Newbies IRC Channel and Website"
        URL: http://www.kernelnewbies.org
        Keywords: IRC, newbies, channel, asking doubts.
-       Description: #kernelnewbies on irc.openprojects.net. From the web
-       page: "#kernelnewbies is an IRC network dedicated to the 'newbie'
+       Description: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net.
+       #kernelnewbies is an IRC network dedicated to the 'newbie'
        kernel hacker. The audience mostly consists of people who are
        learning about the kernel, working on kernel projects or
        professional kernel hackers that want to help less seasoned kernel
-       people. [...] #kernelnewbies is on the Open Projects IRC Network,
-       try irc.openprojects.net or irc.<country>.openprojects.net as your
-       server and then /join #kernelnewbies". It also hosts articles,
-       documents, FAQs...
+       people.
+       #kernelnewbies is on the OFTC IRC Network.
+       Try irc.oftc.net as your server and then /join #kernelnewbies.
+       The kernelnewbies website also hosts articles, documents, FAQs...
        
      * Name: "linux-kernel mailing list archives and search engines"
        URL: http://vger.kernel.org/vger-lists.html

Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -790,8 +790,10 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
 			is passed, kernel could allocate physical memory region
 			above 4G, that cause second kernel crash on system
 			that require some amount of low memory, e.g. swiotlb
-			requires at least 64M+32K low memory.  Kernel would
-			try to allocate 72M below 4G automatically.
+			requires at least 64M+32K low memory, also enough extra
+			low memory is needed to make sure DMA buffers for 32-bit
+			devices won't run out. Kernel would try to allocate at
+			at least 256M below 4G automatically.
 			This one let user to specify own low range under 4G
 			for second kernel instead.
 			0: to disable low allocation.
@@ -972,6 +974,10 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
 
 	earlycon=	[KNL] Output early console device and options.
 
+			When used with no options, the early console is
+			determined by the stdout-path property in device
+			tree's chosen node.
+
 		cdns,<addr>
 			Start an early, polled-mode console on a cadence serial
 			port at the specified address. The cadence serial port
@@ -2340,11 +2346,12 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
 	nmi_watchdog=	[KNL,BUGS=X86] Debugging features for SMP kernels
 			Format: [panic,][nopanic,][num]
 			Valid num: 0 or 1
-			0 - turn nmi_watchdog off
-			1 - turn nmi_watchdog on
+			0 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog off
+			1 - turn hardlockup detector in nmi_watchdog on
 			When panic is specified, panic when an NMI watchdog
 			timeout occurs (or 'nopanic' to override the opposite
-			default).
+			default). To disable both hard and soft lockup detectors,
+			please see 'nowatchdog'.
 			This is useful when you use a panic=... timeout and
 			need the box quickly up again.
 

Documentation/kselftest.txt

@@ -54,6 +54,22 @@ To run the hotplug tests:
 - note that some tests will require root privileges.
 
 
+Install selftests
+=================
+
+You can use kselftest_install.sh tool installs selftests in default
+location which is tools/testing/selftests/kselftest or an user specified
+location.
+
+To install selftests in default location:
+   $ cd tools/testing/selftests
+   $ ./kselftest_install.sh
+
+To install selftests in an user specified location:
+   $ cd tools/testing/selftests
+   $ ./kselftest_install.sh install_dir
+
+
 Contributing new tests
 ======================
 

Documentation/misc-devices/apds990x.txt

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ lead to false interrupt, but that doesn't harm.
 
 ALS contains 4 different gain steps. Driver automatically
 selects suitable gain step. After each measurement, reliability of the results
-is estimated and new measurement is trigged if necessary.
+is estimated and new measurement is triggered if necessary.
 
 Platform data can provide tuned values to the conversion formulas if
 values are known. Otherwise plain sensor default values are used.

Documentation/misc-devices/isl29003

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Detection
 
 The ISL29003 does not have an ID register which could be used to identify
 it, so the detection routine will just try to read from the configured I2C
-addess and consider the device to be present as soon as it ACKs the
+address and consider the device to be present as soon as it ACKs the
 transfer.
 
 

Documentation/misc-devices/max6875

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ At reset, the MAX6875 reads the configuration EEPROM into its configuration
 registers.  The chip then begins to operate according to the values in the
 registers.
 
-The Maxim MAX6874 is a similar, mostly compatible device, with more intputs
+The Maxim MAX6874 is a similar, mostly compatible device, with more inputs
 and outputs:
              vin     gpi    vout
 MAX6874        6       4       8

Documentation/networking/can.txt

@@ -1022,9 +1022,18 @@ solution for a couple of reasons:
         [ tq TQ prop-seg PROP_SEG phase-seg1 PHASE-SEG1
           phase-seg2 PHASE-SEG2 [ sjw SJW ] ]
 
+        [ dbitrate BITRATE [ dsample-point SAMPLE-POINT] ] |
+        [ dtq TQ dprop-seg PROP_SEG dphase-seg1 PHASE-SEG1
+          dphase-seg2 PHASE-SEG2 [ dsjw SJW ] ]
+
         [ loopback { on | off } ]
         [ listen-only { on | off } ]
         [ triple-sampling { on | off } ]
+        [ one-shot { on | off } ]
+        [ berr-reporting { on | off } ]
+        [ fd { on | off } ]
+        [ fd-non-iso { on | off } ]
+        [ presume-ack { on | off } ]
 
         [ restart-ms TIME-MS ]
         [ restart ]
@@ -1178,7 +1187,55 @@ solution for a couple of reasons:
   The CAN device MTU can be retrieved e.g. with a SIOCGIFMTU ioctl() syscall.
   N.B. CAN FD capable devices can also handle and send legacy CAN frames.
 
-  FIXME: Add details about the CAN FD controller configuration when available.
+  When configuring CAN FD capable CAN controllers an additional 'data' bitrate
+  has to be set. This bitrate for the data phase of the CAN FD frame has to be
+  at least the bitrate which was configured for the arbitration phase. This
+  second bitrate is specified analogue to the first bitrate but the bitrate
+  setting keywords for the 'data' bitrate start with 'd' e.g. dbitrate,
+  dsample-point, dsjw or dtq and similar settings. When a data bitrate is set
+  within the configuration process the controller option "fd on" can be
+  specified to enable the CAN FD mode in the CAN controller. This controller
+  option also switches the device MTU to 72 (CANFD_MTU).
+
+  The first CAN FD specification presented as whitepaper at the International
+  CAN Conference 2012 needed to be improved for data integrity reasons.
+  Therefore two CAN FD implementations have to be distinguished today:
+
+  - ISO compliant:     The ISO 11898-1:2015 CAN FD implementation (default)
+  - non-ISO compliant: The CAN FD implementation following the 2012 whitepaper
+
+  Finally there are three types of CAN FD controllers:
+
+  1. ISO compliant (fixed)
+  2. non-ISO compliant (fixed, like the M_CAN IP core v3.0.1 in m_can.c)
+  3. ISO/non-ISO CAN FD controllers (switchable, like the PEAK PCAN-USB FD)
+
+  The current ISO/non-ISO mode is announced by the CAN controller driver via
+  netlink and displayed by the 'ip' tool (controller option FD-NON-ISO).
+  The ISO/non-ISO-mode can be altered by setting 'fd-non-iso {on|off}' for
+  switchable CAN FD controllers only.
+
+  Example configuring 500 kbit/s arbitration bitrate and 4 Mbit/s data bitrate:
+
+    $ ip link set can0 up type can bitrate 500000 sample-point 0.75 \
+                                   dbitrate 4000000 dsample-point 0.8 fd on
+    $ ip -details link show can0
+    5: can0: <NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP,ECHO> mtu 72 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN \
+             mode DEFAULT group default qlen 10
+    link/can  promiscuity 0
+    can <FD> state ERROR-ACTIVE (berr-counter tx 0 rx 0) restart-ms 0
+          bitrate 500000 sample-point 0.750
+          tq 50 prop-seg 14 phase-seg1 15 phase-seg2 10 sjw 1
+          pcan_usb_pro_fd: tseg1 1..64 tseg2 1..16 sjw 1..16 brp 1..1024 \
+          brp-inc 1
+          dbitrate 4000000 dsample-point 0.800
+          dtq 12 dprop-seg 7 dphase-seg1 8 dphase-seg2 4 dsjw 1
+          pcan_usb_pro_fd: dtseg1 1..16 dtseg2 1..8 dsjw 1..4 dbrp 1..1024 \
+          dbrp-inc 1
+          clock 80000000
+
+  Example when 'fd-non-iso on' is added on this switchable CAN FD adapter:
+   can <FD,FD-NON-ISO> state ERROR-ACTIVE (berr-counter tx 0 rx 0) restart-ms 0
 
   6.7 Supported CAN hardware
 

Documentation/rbtree.txt

@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ functions with the user provided augmentation callback when inserting
 and erasing nodes.
 
 C files implementing augmented rbtree manipulation must include
-<linux/rbtree_augmented.h> instead of <linus/rbtree.h>. Note that
+<linux/rbtree_augmented.h> instead of <linux/rbtree.h>. Note that
 linux/rbtree_augmented.h exposes some rbtree implementations details
 you are not expected to rely on; please stick to the documented APIs
 there and do not include <linux/rbtree_augmented.h> from header files

Documentation/virtual/kvm/api.txt

@@ -1774,7 +1774,7 @@ has been called, this interface is completely emulated within the kernel.
 To use this to emulate the LINT1 input with KVM_CREATE_IRQCHIP, use the
 following algorithm:
 
-  - pause the vpcu
+  - pause the vcpu
   - read the local APIC's state (KVM_GET_LAPIC)
   - check whether changing LINT1 will queue an NMI (see the LVT entry for LINT1)
   - if so, issue KVM_NMI
@@ -2798,7 +2798,7 @@ Returns: = 0 on success,
          < 0 on generic error (e.g. -EFAULT or -ENOMEM),
          > 0 if an exception occurred while walking the page tables
 
-Read or write data from/to the logical (virtual) memory of a VPCU.
+Read or write data from/to the logical (virtual) memory of a VCPU.
 
 Parameters are specified via the following structure:
 

Documentation/virtual/kvm/devices/vm.txt

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ struct kvm_s390_vm_cpu_processor {
 
 KVM does not enforce or limit the cpu model data in any form. Take the information
 retrieved by means of KVM_S390_VM_CPU_MACHINE as hint for reasonable configuration
-setups. Instruction interceptions triggered by additionally set facilitiy bits that
+setups. Instruction interceptions triggered by additionally set facility bits that
 are not handled by KVM need to by imlemented in the VM driver code.
 
 Parameters: address of buffer to store/set the processor related cpu

Documentation/virtual/kvm/ppc-pv.txt

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Flags are passed to the host in the low 12 bits of the Effective Address.
 
 The following flags are currently available for a guest to expose:
 
-  MAGIC_PAGE_FLAG_NOT_MAPPED_NX Guest handles NX bits correclty wrt magic page
+  MAGIC_PAGE_FLAG_NOT_MAPPED_NX Guest handles NX bits correctly wrt magic page
 
 MSR bits
 ========

Documentation/vm/slub.txt

@@ -280,4 +280,63 @@ of other objects.
 
 	slub_debug=FZ,dentry
 
+Extended slabinfo mode and plotting
+-----------------------------------
+
+The slabinfo tool has a special 'extended' ('-X') mode that includes:
+ - Slabcache Totals
+ - Slabs sorted by size (up to -N <num> slabs, default 1)
+ - Slabs sorted by loss (up to -N <num> slabs, default 1)
+
+Additionally, in this mode slabinfo does not dynamically scale sizes (G/M/K)
+and reports everything in bytes (this functionality is also available to
+other slabinfo modes via '-B' option) which makes reporting more precise and
+accurate. Moreover, in some sense the `-X' mode also simplifies the analysis
+of slabs' behaviour, because its output can be plotted using the
+slabinfo-gnuplot.sh script. So it pushes the analysis from looking through
+the numbers (tons of numbers) to something easier -- visual analysis.
+
+To generate plots:
+a) collect slabinfo extended records, for example:
+
+  while [ 1 ]; do slabinfo -X >> FOO_STATS; sleep 1; done
+
+b) pass stats file(-s) to slabinfo-gnuplot.sh script:
+  slabinfo-gnuplot.sh FOO_STATS [FOO_STATS2 .. FOO_STATSN]
+
+The slabinfo-gnuplot.sh script will pre-processes the collected records
+and generates 3 png files (and 3 pre-processing cache files) per STATS
+file:
+ - Slabcache Totals: FOO_STATS-totals.png
+ - Slabs sorted by size: FOO_STATS-slabs-by-size.png
+ - Slabs sorted by loss: FOO_STATS-slabs-by-loss.png
+
+Another use case, when slabinfo-gnuplot can be useful, is when you need
+to compare slabs' behaviour "prior to" and "after" some code modification.
+To help you out there, slabinfo-gnuplot.sh script can 'merge' the
+`Slabcache Totals` sections from different measurements. To visually
+compare N plots:
+
+a) Collect as many STATS1, STATS2, .. STATSN files as you need
+  while [ 1 ]; do slabinfo -X >> STATS<X>; sleep 1; done
+
+b) Pre-process those STATS files
+  slabinfo-gnuplot.sh STATS1 STATS2 .. STATSN
+
+c) Execute slabinfo-gnuplot.sh in '-t' mode, passing all of the
+generated pre-processed *-totals
+  slabinfo-gnuplot.sh -t STATS1-totals STATS2-totals .. STATSN-totals
+
+This will produce a single plot (png file).
+
+Plots, expectedly, can be large so some fluctuations or small spikes
+can go unnoticed. To deal with that, `slabinfo-gnuplot.sh' has two
+options to 'zoom-in'/'zoom-out':
+ a) -s %d,%d  overwrites the default image width and heigh
+ b) -r %d,%d  specifies a range of samples to use (for example,
+              in `slabinfo -X >> FOO_STATS; sleep 1;' case, using
+              a "-r 40,60" range will plot only samples collected
+              between 40th and 60th seconds).
+
 Christoph Lameter, May 30, 2007
+Sergey Senozhatsky, October 23, 2015

Documentation/zh_CN/filesystems/sysfs.txt

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Documentation/kobject.txt 文档以获得更多关于 kobject 接口的
 内核的对象层次到用户空间。sysfs 中的顶层目录代表着内核对象层次的
 共同祖先；例如：某些对象属于某个子系统。
 
-Sysfs 在与其目录关联的 sysfs_dirent 对象中内部保存一个指向实现
+Sysfs 在与其目录关联的 kernfs_node 对象中内部保存一个指向实现
 目录的 kobject 的指针。以前，这个 kobject 指针被 sysfs 直接用于
 kobject 文件打开和关闭的引用计数。而现在的 sysfs 实现中，kobject
 引用计数只能通过 sysfs_schedule_callback() 函数直接修改。

MAINTAINERS

@@ -3528,13 +3528,15 @@ M:	Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
 L:	linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
 S:	Maintained
 F:	Documentation/
+F:	scripts/docproc.c
+F:	scripts/kernel-doc*
 X:	Documentation/ABI/
 X:	Documentation/devicetree/
 X:	Documentation/acpi
 X:	Documentation/power
 X:	Documentation/spi
 X:	Documentation/DocBook/media
-T:	git git://git.lwn.net/linux-2.6.git docs-next
+T:	git git://git.lwn.net/linux.git docs-next
 
 DOUBLETALK DRIVER
 M:	"James R. Van Zandt" <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>

Makefile

@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@ $(help-board-dirs): help-%:
 # Documentation targets
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 %docs: scripts_basic FORCE
-	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts build_docproc
+	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts build_docproc build_check-lc_ctype
 	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=Documentation/DocBook $@
 
 else # KBUILD_EXTMOD

README

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ ON WHAT HARDWARE DOES IT RUN?
   today Linux also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and
   UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, Cell,
   IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS,
-  Xtensa, Tilera TILE, AVR32 and Renesas M32R architectures.
+  Xtensa, Tilera TILE, AVR32, ARC and Renesas M32R architectures.
 
   Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures
   as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the

scripts/.gitignore

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ unifdef
 ihex2fw
 recordmcount
 docproc
+check-lc_ctype
 sortextable
 asn1_compiler
 extract-cert

scripts/Makefile

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 # conmakehash:   Create chartable
 # conmakehash:	 Create arrays for initializing the kernel console tables
 # docproc:       Used in Documentation/DocBook
+# check-lc_ctype: Used in Documentation/DocBook
 
 HOST_EXTRACFLAGS += -I$(srctree)/tools/include
 
@@ -27,14 +28,16 @@ HOSTLOADLIBES_extract-cert = -lcrypto
 always		:= $(hostprogs-y) $(hostprogs-m)
 
 # The following hostprogs-y programs are only build on demand
-hostprogs-y += unifdef docproc
+hostprogs-y += unifdef docproc check-lc_ctype
 
 # These targets are used internally to avoid "is up to date" messages
-PHONY += build_unifdef build_docproc
+PHONY += build_unifdef build_docproc build_check-lc_ctype
 build_unifdef: $(obj)/unifdef
 	@:
 build_docproc: $(obj)/docproc
 	@:
+build_check-lc_ctype: $(obj)/check-lc_ctype
+	@:
 
 subdir-$(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS) += genksyms
 subdir-y                     += mod

scripts/check-lc_ctype.c

+/*
+ * Check that a specified locale works as LC_CTYPE.  Used by the
+ * DocBook build system to probe for C.UTF-8 support.
+ */
+
+#include <locale.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	return !setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
+}

scripts/kernel-doc

@@ -206,59 +206,73 @@ my $type_env = '(\$\w+)';
 #  One for each output format
 
 # these work fairly well
-my %highlights_html = ( $type_constant, "<i>\$1</i>",
-			$type_func, "<b>\$1</b>",
-			$type_struct_xml, "<i>\$1</i>",
-			$type_env, "<b><i>\$1</i></b>",
-			$type_param, "<tt><b>\$1</b></tt>" );
+my @highlights_html = (
+                       [$type_constant, "<i>\$1</i>"],
+                       [$type_func, "<b>\$1</b>"],
+                       [$type_struct_xml, "<i>\$1</i>"],
+                       [$type_env, "<b><i>\$1</i></b>"],
+                       [$type_param, "<tt><b>\$1</b></tt>"]
+                      );
 my $local_lt = "\\\\\\\\lt:";
 my $local_gt = "\\\\\\\\gt:";
 my $blankline_html = $local_lt . "p" . $local_gt;	# was "<p>"
 
 # html version 5
-my %highlights_html5 = ( $type_constant, "<span class=\"const\">\$1</span>",
-			$type_func, "<span class=\"func\">\$1</span>",
-			$type_struct_xml, "<span class=\"struct\">\$1</span>",
-			$type_env, "<span class=\"env\">\$1</span>",
-			$type_param, "<span class=\"param\">\$1</span>" );
+my @highlights_html5 = (
+                        [$type_constant, "<span class=\"const\">\$1</span>"],
+                        [$type_func, "<span class=\"func\">\$1</span>"],
+                        [$type_struct_xml, "<span class=\"struct\">\$1</span>"],
+                        [$type_env, "<span class=\"env\">\$1</span>"],
+                        [$type_param, "<span class=\"param\">\$1</span>]"]
+		       );
 my $blankline_html5 = $local_lt . "br /" . $local_gt;
 
 # XML, docbook format
-my %highlights_xml = ( "([^=])\\\"([^\\\"<]+)\\\"", "\$1<quote>\$2</quote>",
-			$type_constant, "<constant>\$1</constant>",
-			$type_func, "<function>\$1</function>",
-			$type_struct_xml, "<structname>\$1</structname>",
-			$type_env, "<envar>\$1</envar>",
-			$type_param, "<parameter>\$1</parameter>" );
+my @highlights_xml = (
+                      ["([^=])\\\"([^\\\"<]+)\\\"", "\$1<quote>\$2</quote>"],
+                      [$type_constant, "<constant>\$1</constant>"],
+                      [$type_struct_xml, "<structname>\$1</structname>"],
+                      [$type_param, "<parameter>\$1</parameter>"],
+                      [$type_func, "<function>\$1</function>"],
+                      [$type_env, "<envar>\$1</envar>"]
+		     );
 my $blankline_xml = $local_lt . "/para" . $local_gt . $local_lt . "para" . $local_gt . "\n";
 
 # gnome, docbook format
-my %highlights_gnome = ( $type_constant, "<replaceable class=\"option\">\$1</replaceable>",
-			 $type_func, "<function>\$1</function>",
-			 $type_struct, "<structname>\$1</structname>",
-			 $type_env, "<envar>\$1</envar>",
-			 $type_param, "<parameter>\$1</parameter>" );
+my @highlights_gnome = (
+                        [$type_constant, "<replaceable class=\"option\">\$1</replaceable>"],
+                        [$type_func, "<function>\$1</function>"],
+                        [$type_struct, "<structname>\$1</structname>"],
+                        [$type_env, "<envar>\$1</envar>"],
+                        [$type_param, "<parameter>\$1</parameter>" ]
+		       );
 my $blankline_gnome = "</para><para>\n";
 
 # these are pretty rough
-my %highlights_man = ( $type_constant, "\$1",
-		       $type_func, "\\\\fB\$1\\\\fP",
-		       $type_struct, "\\\\fI\$1\\\\fP",
-		       $type_param, "\\\\fI\$1\\\\fP" );
+my @highlights_man = (
+                      [$type_constant, "\$1"],
+                      [$type_func, "\\\\fB\$1\\\\fP"],
+                      [$type_struct, "\\\\fI\$1\\\\fP"],
+                      [$type_param, "\\\\fI\$1\\\\fP"]
+		     );
 my $blankline_man = "";
 
 # text-mode
-my %highlights_text = ( $type_constant, "\$1",
-			$type_func, "\$1",
-			$type_struct, "\$1",
-			$type_param, "\$1" );
+my @highlights_text = (
+                       [$type_constant, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_func, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_struct, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_param, "\$1"]
+		      );
 my $blankline_text = "";
 
 # list mode
-my %highlights_list = ( $type_constant, "\$1",
-			$type_func, "\$1",
-			$type_struct, "\$1",
-			$type_param, "\$1" );
+my @highlights_list = (
+                       [$type_constant, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_func, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_struct, "\$1"],
+                       [$type_param, "\$1"]
+		      );
 my $blankline_list = "";
 
 # read arguments
@@ -273,7 +287,7 @@ my $verbose = 0;
 my $output_mode = "man";
 my $output_preformatted = 0;
 my $no_doc_sections = 0;
-my %highlights = %highlights_man;
+my @highlights = @highlights_man;
 my $blankline = $blankline_man;
 my $modulename = "Kernel API";
 my $function_only = 0;
@@ -374,31 +388,31 @@ while ($ARGV[0] =~ m/^-(.*)/) {
     my $cmd = shift @ARGV;
     if ($cmd eq "-html") {
 	$output_mode = "html";
-	%highlights = %highlights_html;
+	@highlights = @highlights_html;
 	$blankline = $blankline_html;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-html5") {
 	$output_mode = "html5";
-	%highlights = %highlights_html5;
+	@highlights = @highlights_html5;
 	$blankline = $blankline_html5;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-man") {
 	$output_mode = "man";
-	%highlights = %highlights_man;
+	@highlights = @highlights_man;
 	$blankline = $blankline_man;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-text") {
 	$output_mode = "text";
-	%highlights = %highlights_text;
+	@highlights = @highlights_text;
 	$blankline = $blankline_text;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-docbook") {
 	$output_mode = "xml";
-	%highlights = %highlights_xml;
+	@highlights = @highlights_xml;
 	$blankline = $blankline_xml;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-list") {
 	$output_mode = "list";
-	%highlights = %highlights_list;
+	@highlights = @highlights_list;
 	$blankline = $blankline_list;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-gnome") {
 	$output_mode = "gnome";
-	%highlights = %highlights_gnome;
+	@highlights = @highlights_gnome;
 	$blankline = $blankline_gnome;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "-module") { # not needed for XML, inherits from calling document
 	$modulename = shift @ARGV;
@@ -1746,7 +1760,7 @@ sub output_declaration {
     my $func = "output_${functype}_$output_mode";
     if (($function_only==0) ||
 	( $function_only == 1 && defined($function_table{$name})) ||
-	( $function_only == 2 && !defined($function_table{$name})))
+	( $function_only == 2 && !($functype eq "function" && defined($function_table{$name}))))
     {
 	&$func(@_);
 	$section_counter++;
@@ -1791,8 +1805,8 @@ sub dump_struct($$) {
 	$nested = $1;
 
 	# ignore members marked private:
-	$members =~ s/\/\*\s*private:.*?\/\*\s*public:.*?\*\///gos;
-	$members =~ s/\/\*\s*private:.*//gos;
+	$members =~ s/\/\*\s*private:.*?\/\*\s*public:.*?\*\///gosi;
+	$members =~ s/\/\*\s*private:.*//gosi;
 	# strip comments:
 	$members =~ s/\/\*.*?\*\///gos;
 	$nested =~ s/\/\*.*?\*\///gos;
@@ -2416,12 +2430,13 @@ sub process_file($) {
     my $descr;
     my $in_purpose = 0;
     my $initial_section_counter = $section_counter;
+    my ($orig_file) = @_;
 
     if (defined($ENV{'SRCTREE'})) {
-	$file = "$ENV{'SRCTREE'}" . "/" . "@_";
+	$file = "$ENV{'SRCTREE'}" . "/" . $orig_file;
     }
     else {
-	$file = "@_";
+	$file = $orig_file;
     }
     if (defined($source_map{$file})) {
 	$file = $source_map{$file};
@@ -2665,7 +2680,7 @@ sub process_file($) {
 	    print "<refentry>\n";
 	    print " <refnamediv>\n";
 	    print "  <refname>\n";
-	    print "   ${file}\n";
+	    print "   ${orig_file}\n";
 	    print "  </refname>\n";
 	    print "  <refpurpose>\n";
 	    print "   Document generation inconsistency\n";
@@ -2679,7 +2694,7 @@ sub process_file($) {
 	    print "   <para>\n";
 	    print "    The template for this document tried to insert\n";
 	    print "    the structured comment from the file\n";
-	    print "    <filename>${file}</filename> at this point,\n";
+	    print "    <filename>${orig_file}</filename> at this point,\n";
 	    print "    but none was found.\n";
 	    print "    This dummy section is inserted to allow\n";
 	    print "    generation to continue.\n";
@@ -2696,9 +2711,11 @@ $kernelversion = get_kernel_version();
 
 # generate a sequence of code that will splice in highlighting information
 # using the s// operator.
-foreach my $pattern (sort keys %highlights) {
-#   print STDERR "scanning pattern:$pattern, highlight:($highlights{$pattern})\n";
-    $dohighlight .=  "\$contents =~ s:$pattern:$highlights{$pattern}:gs;\n";
+foreach my $k (keys @highlights) {
+    my $pattern = $highlights[$k][0];
+    my $result = $highlights[$k][1];
+#   print STDERR "scanning pattern:$pattern, highlight:($result)\n";
+    $dohighlight .=  "\$contents =~ s:$pattern:$result:gs;\n";
 }
 
 # Read the file that maps relative names to absolute names for