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  1. 27 Dec, 2017 3 commits
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      selftests/bpf: additional stack depth tests · 6b86c421
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      to test inner logic of stack depth tracking
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      6b86c421
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      bpf: fix maximum stack depth tracking logic · 70a87ffe
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Instead of computing max stack depth for current call chain
during the main verifier pass track stack depth of each
function independently and after do_check() is done do
another pass over all instructions analyzing depth
of all possible call stacks.

Fixes: f4d7e40a ("bpf: introduce function calls (verification)")
Reported-by: default avatarJann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      70a87ffe
    • Jann Horn's avatar
      bpf: selftest for late caller stack size increase · 6b80ad29
      Jann Horn authored 
      This checks that it is not possible to bypass the total stack size check in
update_stack_depth() by calling a function that uses a large amount of
stack memory *before* using a large amount of stack memory in the caller.

Currently, the first added testcase causes a rejection as expected, but
the second testcase is (AFAICS incorrectly) accepted:

[...]
#483/p calls: stack overflow using two frames (post-call access) FAIL
Unexpected success to load!
0: (85) call pc+2
caller:
 R10=fp0,call_-1
callee:
 frame1: R1=ctx(id=0,off=0,imm=0) R10=fp0,call_0
3: (72) *(u8 *)(r10 -300) = 0
4: (b7) r0 = 0
5: (95) exit
returning from callee:
 frame1: R0_w=inv0 R1=ctx(id=0,off=0,imm=0) R10=fp0,call_0
to caller at 1:
 R0_w=inv0 R10=fp0,call_-1

from 5 to 1: R0=inv0 R10=fp0,call_-1
1: (72) *(u8 *)(r10 -300) = 0
2: (95) exit
processed 6 insns, stack depth 300+300
[...]
Summary: 704 PASSED, 1 FAILED

AFAICS the JIT-generated code for the second testcase shows that this
really causes the stack pointer to be decremented by 300+300:

first function:
00000000  55                push rbp
00000001  4889E5            mov rbp,rsp
00000004  4881EC58010000    sub rsp,0x158
0000000B  4883ED28          sub rbp,byte +0x28
[...]
00000025  E89AB3AFE5        call 0xffffffffe5afb3c4
0000002A  C685D4FEFFFF00    mov byte [rbp-0x12c],0x0
[...]
00000041  4883C528          add rbp,byte +0x28
00000045  C9                leave
00000046  C3                ret

second function:
00000000  55                push rbp
00000001  4889E5            mov rbp,rsp
00000004  4881EC58010000    sub rsp,0x158
0000000B  4883ED28          sub rbp,byte +0x28
[...]
00000025  C685D4FEFFFF00    mov byte [rbp-0x12c],0x0
[...]
0000003E  4883C528          add rbp,byte +0x28
00000042  C9                leave
00000043  C3                ret
Signed-off-by: default avatarJann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      6b80ad29
  3. 23 Dec, 2017 2 commits
    • Gianluca Borello's avatar
      bpf: fix stacksafe exploration when comparing states · fd05e57b
      Gianluca Borello authored 
      Commit cc2b14d5 ("bpf: teach verifier to recognize zero initialized
stack") introduced a very relaxed check when comparing stacks of different
states, effectively returning a positive result in many cases where it
shouldn't.

This can create problems in cases such as this following C pseudocode:

long var;
long *x = bpf_map_lookup(...);
if (!x)
        return;

if (*x != 0xbeef)
        var = 0;
else
        var = 1;

/* This is the key part, calling a helper causes an explored state
 * to be saved with the information that "var" is on the stack as
 * STACK_ZERO, since the helper is first met by the verifier after
 * the "var = 0" assignment. This state will however be wrongly used
 * also for the "var = 1" case, so the verifier assumes "var" is always
 * 0 and will replace the NULL assignment with nops, because the
 * search pruning prevents it from exploring the faulty branch.
 */
bpf_ktime_get_ns();

if (var)
        *(long *)0 = 0xbeef;

Fix the issue by making sure that the stack is fully explored before
returning a positive comparison result.

Also attach a couple tests that highlight the bad behavior. In the first
test, without this fix instructions 16 and 17 are replaced with nops
instead of being rejected by the verifier.

The second test, instead, allows a program to make a potentially illegal
read from the stack.

Fixes: cc2b14d5 ("bpf: teach verifier to recognize zero initialized stack")
Signed-off-by: default avatarGianluca Borello <g.borello@gmail.com>
Acked-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      fd05e57b
    • David Miller's avatar
      bpf: sparc64: Add JIT support for multi-function programs. · 5f5a6411
      David Miller authored 
      Modelled strongly upon the arm64 implementation.
Signed-off-by: default avatarDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
      5f5a6411
  5. 21 Dec, 2017 4 commits
    • Yonghong Song's avatar
      tools/bpf: adjust rlimit RLIMIT_MEMLOCK for test_dev_cgroup · c475ffad
      Yonghong Song authored 
      The default rlimit RLIMIT_MEMLOCK is 64KB. In certain cases,
e.g. in a test machine mimicking our production system, this test may
fail due to unable to charge the required memory for prog load:

  $ ./test_dev_cgroup
  libbpf: load bpf program failed: Operation not permitted
  libbpf: failed to load program 'cgroup/dev'
  libbpf: failed to load object './dev_cgroup.o'
  Failed to load DEV_CGROUP program
  ...

Changing the default rlimit RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to unlimited
makes the test pass.

This patch also fixed a problem where when bpf_prog_load fails,
cleanup_cgroup_environment() should not be called since
setup_cgroup_environment() has not been invoked. Otherwise,
the following confusing message will appear:
  ...
  (/home/yhs/local/linux/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/cgroup_helpers.c:95:
   errno: No such file or directory) Opening Cgroup Procs: /mnt/cgroup.procs
  ...
Signed-off-by: default avatarYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      c475ffad
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'bpftool-improvements-kallsymfix' · 74661776
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Daniel Borkmann says:

====================
This work adds correlation of maps and calls into the bpftool
xlated dump in order to help debugging and introspection of
loaded BPF progs. First patch makes kallsyms work on subprogs
with bpf calls, and second implements the actual correlation.
Details and example output can be found in the 2nd patch.
====================
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      74661776
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      bpf: allow for correlation of maps and helpers in dump · 7105e828
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Currently a dump of an xlated prog (post verifier stage) doesn't
correlate used helpers as well as maps. The prog info lists
involved map ids, however there's no correlation of where in the
program they are used as of today. Likewise, bpftool does not
correlate helper calls with the target functions.

The latter can be done w/o any kernel changes through kallsyms,
and also has the advantage that this works with inlined helpers
and BPF calls.

Example, via interpreter:

  # tc filter show dev foo ingress
  filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf chain 0
  filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf chain 0 handle 0x1 foo.o:[ingress] \
                      direct-action not_in_hw id 1 tag c74773051b364165   <-- prog id:1

  * Output before patch (calls/maps remain unclear):

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 1             <-- dump prog id:1
   0: (b7) r1 = 2
   1: (63) *(u32 *)(r10 -4) = r1
   2: (bf) r2 = r10
   3: (07) r2 += -4
   4: (18) r1 = 0xffff95c47a8d4800
   6: (85) call unknown#73040
   7: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+18
   8: (bf) r2 = r10
   9: (07) r2 += -4
  10: (bf) r1 = r0
  11: (85) call unknown#73040
  12: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+23
  [...]

  * Output after patch:

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 1
   0: (b7) r1 = 2
   1: (63) *(u32 *)(r10 -4) = r1
   2: (bf) r2 = r10
   3: (07) r2 += -4
   4: (18) r1 = map[id:2]                     <-- map id:2
   6: (85) call bpf_map_lookup_elem#73424     <-- helper call
   7: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+18
   8: (bf) r2 = r10
   9: (07) r2 += -4
  10: (bf) r1 = r0
  11: (85) call bpf_map_lookup_elem#73424
  12: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+23
  [...]

  # bpftool map show id 2                     <-- show/dump/etc map id:2
  2: hash_of_maps  flags 0x0
        key 4B  value 4B  max_entries 3  memlock 4096B

Example, JITed, same prog:

  # tc filter show dev foo ingress
  filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf chain 0
  filter protocol all pref 49152 bpf chain 0 handle 0x1 foo.o:[ingress] \
                  direct-action not_in_hw id 3 tag c74773051b364165 jited

  # bpftool prog show id 3
  3: sched_cls  tag c74773051b364165
        loaded_at Dec 19/13:48  uid 0
        xlated 384B  jited 257B  memlock 4096B  map_ids 2

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 3
   0: (b7) r1 = 2
   1: (63) *(u32 *)(r10 -4) = r1
   2: (bf) r2 = r10
   3: (07) r2 += -4
   4: (18) r1 = map[id:2]                      <-- map id:2
   6: (85) call __htab_map_lookup_elem#77408   <-+ inlined rewrite
   7: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+2                |
   8: (07) r0 += 56                              |
   9: (79) r0 = *(u64 *)(r0 +0)                <-+
  10: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+24
  11: (bf) r2 = r10
  12: (07) r2 += -4
  [...]

Example, same prog, but kallsyms disabled (in that case we are
also not allowed to pass any relative offsets, etc, so prog
becomes pointer sanitized on dump):

  # sysctl kernel.kptr_restrict=2
  kernel.kptr_restrict = 2

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 3
   0: (b7) r1 = 2
   1: (63) *(u32 *)(r10 -4) = r1
   2: (bf) r2 = r10
   3: (07) r2 += -4
   4: (18) r1 = map[id:2]
   6: (85) call bpf_unspec#0
   7: (15) if r0 == 0x0 goto pc+2
  [...]

Example, BPF calls via interpreter:

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 1
   0: (85) call pc+2#__bpf_prog_run_args32
   1: (b7) r0 = 1
   2: (95) exit
   3: (b7) r0 = 2
   4: (95) exit

Example, BPF calls via JIT:

  # sysctl net.core.bpf_jit_enable=1
  net.core.bpf_jit_enable = 1
  # sysctl net.core.bpf_jit_kallsyms=1
  net.core.bpf_jit_kallsyms = 1

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 1
   0: (85) call pc+2#bpf_prog_3b185187f1855c4c_F
   1: (b7) r0 = 1
   2: (95) exit
   3: (b7) r0 = 2
   4: (95) exit

And finally, an example for tail calls that is now working
as well wrt correlation:

  # bpftool prog dump xlated id 2
  [...]
  10: (b7) r2 = 8
  11: (85) call bpf_trace_printk#-41312
  12: (bf) r1 = r6
  13: (18) r2 = map[id:1]
  15: (b7) r3 = 0
  16: (85) call bpf_tail_call#12
  17: (b7) r1 = 42
  18: (6b) *(u16 *)(r6 +46) = r1
  19: (b7) r0 = 0
  20: (95) exit

  # bpftool map show id 1
  1: prog_array  flags 0x0
        key 4B  value 4B  max_entries 1  memlock 4096B
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      7105e828
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      bpf: fix kallsyms handling for subprogs · 4f74d809
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Right now kallsyms handling is not working with JITed subprogs.
The reason is that when in 1c2a088a ("bpf: x64: add JIT support
for multi-function programs") in jit_subprogs() they are passed
to bpf_prog_kallsyms_add(), then their prog type is 0, which BPF
core will think it's a cBPF program as only cBPF programs have a
0 type. Thus, they need to inherit the type from the main prog.

Once that is fixed, they are indeed added to the BPF kallsyms
infra, but their tag is 0. Therefore, since intention is to add
them as bpf_prog_F_<tag>, we need to pass them to bpf_prog_calc_tag()
first. And once this is resolved, there is a use-after-free on
prog cleanup: we remove the kallsyms entry from the main prog,
later walk all subprogs and call bpf_jit_free() on them. However,
the kallsyms linkage was never released on them. Thus, do that
for all subprogs right in __bpf_prog_put() when refcount hits 0.

Fixes: 1c2a088a ("bpf: x64: add JIT support for multi-function programs")
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      4f74d809
  7. 20 Dec, 2017 1 commit
  9. 19 Dec, 2017 6 commits
  11. 18 Dec, 2017 24 commits
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