MDEV-17978 Server crash in SHOW CREATE SEQUENCE on a broken view

Incorrect assertion of EXTRA_CACHE for
HA_EXTRA_PREPARE_FOR_UPDATE. The latter is related to read cache, but
must operate without it as a noop.

Related to Bug#55458 and MDEV-20441.

In MariaDB 10.2 master could have been configured so that there
is extra annotate events. When we peak next event type for CTAS we
need to skip annotate events.

Related to 87731177 and Bug#47649.

Don't set Query_arena::STMT_EXECUTED for any error
code. skip_setup_conds() depends on STMT_INITIALIZED_FOR_SP, but
sp_lex_keeper::reset_lex_and_exec_core() sets it to STMT_EXECUTED on
ER_TABLE_NOT_LOCKED_FOR_WRITE. There are other error codes that can
break skip_setup_conds() (ER_IT_IS_A_VIEW, ER_NON_UPDATABLE_TABLE,
etc).

Unit prepare prematurely fixed field which must be fixed via
setup_conds() to correctly update table->covering_keys.

Call vers_setup_conds() directly instead, because actually everything
else is not needed.

Unit prepare prematurely fixed field which must be fixed via
setup_conds() to correctly update table->covering_keys.

Call vers_setup_conds() directly instead, because actually everything
else is not needed.

Wrong assertion condition. SYSTEM_TIME_ALL indicates that
vers_setup_conds() is done. In case FOR SYSTEM_TIME ALL is specified
in command the assertion passes but not checks anything.

mlog_write_initial_log_record_low(): Do not allow the MLOG_TRUNCATE
record to be written.

Ensure that pointer to a buffer which is used for both reads and writes
is properly aligned.

I've intentially put permanent check right before io_submit() call instead
of the time of setting iocb date. I think that'll make check better.

LinuxAIOHandler::resever_slot(): check arguments alignment in debug builds

Add proper wsrep sync wait.

The function get_wkb_of_default_point() should never have been
added, and the cleanup in commit 56ff6f1b
should have removed it.

The unnecessary code was added in
mysql/mysql-server@0a27b72171c4449f506ad4e93df8c29fead1ed72
and mostly disabled in
mysql/mysql-server@8f11af7734509821b654f2c330dff5374c89073c.

In MariaDB, the types DATA_POINT and DATA_VAR_POINT are never used.
Instead, DATA_GEOMETRY continues to be used since 10.2.2, introduced by
mysql/mysql-server@673bad7c7e17701b69e29d0fbc4e2d68c1a7b613
in MySQL 5.7.1.

The lintian Debian tool is complaining about:
  'W: mariadb-test: manpage-has-errors-from-man
  usr/share/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz 246: warning [p 2, 6.0i, div
  '3tbd1,1', 0.3i]: can't break line'

See: https://salsa.debian.org/faust-guest/mariadb-10.3/-/jobs/431900

The following command permits to catch the problematic lines:
  $ groff -man -Tascii ./mysql-test-run.pl.1 | less

Closes #1419

Conflicts:
	mysql-test/suite/galera/t/galera_binlog_event_max_size_max-master.opt
	mysql-test/suite/innodb/r/innodb-mdev-7513.result
	mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb-mdev-7513.test
	mysql-test/suite/wsrep/disabled.def
	storage/innobase/ibuf/ibuf0ibuf.cc

The script is intented to be sourced by other SST script so it should
not be executable (or should have a script header).
This is causing a warning on Debian Lintian tool, see:
https://salsa.debian.org/faust-guest/mariadb-10.3/-/jobs/431900

The lintian check complains on spelling error:
https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-10.3/-/jobs/95739

Don't do skip_setup_conds() unless all errors are checked.

Fixes following errors:
      ER_PERIOD_NOT_FOUND
      ER_VERS_QUERY_IN_PARTITION
      ER_VERS_ENGINE_UNSUPPORTED
      ER_VERS_NOT_VERSIONED

MDEV-21011 Table corruption reported for versioned partitioned table after DELETE: "Found a misplaced row"

LIMIT history partitions cannot be checked by existing algorithm of
check_misplaced_rows() because working history partition is
incremented each time another one is filled. The existing algorithm
gets record and tries to decide partition id for it by
get_partition_id(). For LIMIT history it will just get first
non-filled partition.

To fix such partitions it is required to do REBUILD instead of REPAIR.

When view is merged by DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT it is then skipped from
processing and doesn't update WHERE clause with
vers_setup_conds(). Note that view itself cannot work in
vers_setup_conds() because it doesn't have row_start, row_end
fields. Thus it is required to descend down to material TABLE_LIST
through calls of mysql_derived_prepare() and run vers_setup_conds()
from there. Luckily, all views (views of views, views of views of
views, etc.) are linked in one list through next_global pointer, so we
can skip all views of views and get straight to non-view TABLE_LIST by
checking its merge_underlying_list property for zero value (it is
assigned by DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT for merged derived tables).

We have to do that only for UPDATE and DELETE. Other DML commands
don't use WHERE clause.

MDEV-21146 Assertion `m_lock_type == 2' in handler::ha_drop_table upon LOAD DATA

LOAD DATA does not use WHERE and the above call of vers_setup_conds()
is not needed. unit->prepare() led to wrongly locked temporary table.

"write set" for replication finally got its correct place
(mark_columns_per_binlog_row_image()). When done generally in
mark_columns_needed_for_update() it affects optimization
algorithm. used_key_is_modified, query_plan.using_io_buffer are
wrongly set and that leads to wrong prepare_for_keyread() which limits
read_set.

Turn read cache off for update and multi-update for versioned
table. no_cache is reinited on each TABLE open because it is
applicable for specific algorithms.

As a side fix vers_insert_history_row() honors vers_write setting.

Aria with row_format=fixed uses IO_CACHE of type READ_CACHE for
sequential read in update loop. When history row is inserted inside
this loop the cache misses it and fails with error.

TODO:

Currently maria_extra() does not support SEQ_READ_APPEND. Probably it
might be possible to use this type of cache.

galera_2nodes.cnf did not contain wsrep_on=1 on correct places. Fixed
restart options to use correct configuration.

orig_test_id should be set properly.
Also fixed sporadic test failure.

$glob_mysql_test_dir was the wrong directory for strace output as
it was for in-tree builds only so failed for:
* out of tree builds
* --parallel; and
* --mem

strace output wasn't saved.

strace-option never replaced existing arguments (so ammended
documentation).

strace-client didn't accept an argument as described.

Replaced specification of client with this with 'stracer' to be
consistent with --debugger option.

For consistency with debugger options, --client-strace was added to
execute the strace on the mysqltest.

Example: Running one test

$ ./mtr --strace --client-strace funcs_1.is_table_constraints
Logging: ./mtr  --strace --client-strace funcs_1.is_table_constraints
vardir: /home/anel/mariadb/5.5/mysql-test/var
Checking leftover processes...
Removing old var directory...
 - WARNING: Using the 'mysql-test/var' symlink
Creating var directory '/home/anel/mariadb/5.5/mysql-test/var'...
Checking supported features...
MariaDB Version 5.5.67-MariaDB-debug
Installing system database...
 - SSL connections supported
 - binaries are debug compiled
Collecting tests...

==============================================================================

TEST                                      RESULT   TIME (ms) or COMMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

worker[1] Using MTR_BUILD_THREAD 300, with reserved ports 16000..16019
funcs_1.is_table_constraints             [ pass ]   1270
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The servers were restarted 0 times
Spent 1.270 of 3 seconds executing testcases

Completed: All 1 tests were successful

$ find -L . -name \*strace -ls
      653     56 -rw-r--r--   1 anel     anel        57147 Nov 29 15:08 ./var/log/mysqltest.strace
      646   1768 -rw-r--r--   1 anel     anel      1809855 Nov 29 15:08 ./var/log/mysqld.1.strace

Example: Running test in parallel

$ mysql-test/mtr --strace --client-strace  --mem --parallel=3  main.select
Logging: /home/dan/software_projects/mariadb-server/mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl  --strace --client-strace --mem --parallel=3 main.select
vardir: /home/dan/software_projects/build-mariadb-10.3/mysql-test/var
Checking leftover processes...
Removing old var directory...
Creating var directory '/home/dan/software_projects/build-mariadb-10.3/mysql-test/var'...
 - symlinking 'var' to '/dev/shm/var_auto_0v2E'
Checking supported features...
MariaDB Version 5.5.67-MariaDB
 - SSL connections supported
Collecting tests...
Installing system database...

==============================================================================

TEST                                  WORKER RESULT   TIME (ms) or COMMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

worker[1] Using MTR_BUILD_THREAD 300, with reserved ports 16000..16019
worker[3]  - 'localhost:16040' was not free
worker[2] Using MTR_BUILD_THREAD 301, with reserved ports 16020..16039
worker[3] Using MTR_BUILD_THREAD 303, with reserved ports 16060..16079
main.select                              w1 [ pass ]   7310
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The servers were restarted 0 times
Spent 7.310 of 11 seconds executing testcases

Completed: All 1 tests were successful.

$ find mysql-test/var/ -name \*strace -ls
  5213766   1212 -rw-r--r--   1  dan      dan       1237817 May 20 16:47 mysql-test/var/1/log/mysqltest.strace
  5214733  13016 -rw-r--r--   1  dan      dan      13328335 May 20 16:47 mysql-test/var/1/log/mysqld.1.strace

$ mysql-test/mtr --strace --client-strace --strace-option='-e' --strace-option='trace=openat'  --mem --parallel=3  main.select
...
$ find mysql-test/var/ -name \*strace -ls
  5220790      8 -rw-r--r--   1  dan      dan          6291 May 20 17:02 mysql-test/var/3/log/mysqltest.strace
  5224140    308 -rw-r--r--   1  dan      dan        314356 May 20 17:02 mysql-test/var/3/log/mysqld.1.strace
$ more mysql-test/var/3/mysqltest.strace
1692  openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/dan/software_projects/mariadb-server/libmysql/.libs/tls/x86_64/x86_64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) =
-1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
1692  openat(AT_FDCWD, "/home/dan/software_projects/mariadb-server/libmysql/.libs/tls/x86_64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOE
NT (No such file or directory)

Closes #600