If log_slave_updates==OFF, wsrep applier threads used to be configured
with option: thd->variables.option_bits&= ~(OPTION_BIN_LOG);
(i.e. like sql_log_bin=ON). And this was regardless of log-bin configuration.

With this, having configuration of: --log-bin && --log-slave-updates=OFF,
local threads used binlogging, but applier threads did not. And further:
local threads went through binlog group commit, while applier threads did
direct commits. This resulted in situation, where applier threads entered
earlier in wsrep XID checkpointing, and could sync their wsrep XID out of order.
Later local thread commit would see that higher seqno was already checkpointed,
and fire an assert because of this.

As a fix, applier threads are now forced to enable binlogging regardless of
log-slave-updates configuration.

This PR comes with new mtr test: galera.MDEV-24327, which causes a scenario
where applier transaction is applied and committed while earlier local transaction
is parked before commit order monitor enter. A buggy mariadb versoin would fail
for assertion because of wsrep XID checkpoint order violation.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

This bug could cause a crash when executing queries that used mutually
recursive CTEs with system variable big_tables set to 1. It happened due
to several bugs in the code that handled recursive table references
referred mutually recursive CTEs. For each recursive table reference a
temporary table is created that contains all rows generated for the
corresponding recursive CTE table on the previous step of recursion.
This temporary table should be created in the same way as the temporary
table created for a regular materialized derived table using the
method select_union::create_result_table(). In this case when the
temporary table is created it uses the select_union::TMP_TABLE_PARAM
structure as the parameter for the table construction. However the
code created the temporary table using just the function create_tmp_table()
and passed pointers to certain fields of the TMP_TABLE_PARAM structure
used for accumulation of rows of the recursive CTE table as parameters
for update. This was a mistake because now different temporary tables
cannot share some TMP_TABLE_PARAM fields in a general case. Besides,
depending on how mutually recursive CTE tables were defined and which
of them were referred in the executed query the select_union object
allocated for a recursive table reference could be allocated again after
the the temporary table had been created. In this case the TMP_TABLE_PARAM
object associated with the temporary table created for the recursive
table reference contained unassigned fields needed for execution when
Aria engine is employed as the engine for temporary tables.
This patch ensures that
- select_union object is created only once for any recursive table
  reference
- any temporary table created for recursive CTEs uses its own
  TMP_TABLE_PARAM structure
The patch also fixes a problem caused by incomplete cleanup of join tables
associated with recursive table references.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

open_files_limit option was processed only for --backup, but not for
--prepare.

The last_updated column of innodb_table_stats and innodb_index_stats
hasn't been DATA_FIXBINARY for many years.

Innodb represents TIMESTAMP as INT of length 4. Let's test it with this
and stop hiding the result in mysql_upgrade test.

Reviewer: Marko

Basic variant of the fix: do not consider conditions in form

  unique_key NOT IN (c1,c2...)

to be sargable. If there are only a few constants, the condition
is not selective. If there are a lot constants, the overhead of
processing such a huge range list is not worth it.

(Backport to 10.2)

The policy is not set for 10.2
If it is set, CMake would complain about bundled zlib for which the policy
is not set.

Fix:
- Set policy for 10.2 for the top level project.
For 10.3+ it was already set

- Cleanup zlib to remove unneeded stuff. It is an internal static library,
it needs none of PROJECT, library versioning, RC file on Windows.
The name of the library on Unix does not make any difference, since it is
static and compiled in.

failed in Diagnostics_area::set_ok_status on INSERT

Analysis: Error is not returned when strict mode is enabled and value is
truncated because double is outside range.
Fix: Return HA_ERR_AUTOINC_ERANGE if the error was reported when double is
outside range.

Analysis: The error is not returned when the statement can't be used.
And so we still go on to search for keywords.
Fix: Return the error state.

Encountered the linker failure on Debug build in 10.4:

[53/585] Linking CXX executable unittest/sql/mf_iocache-t
FAILED: unittest/sql/mf_iocache-t
: && /usr/bin/c++  -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -fPIC -g -DENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC -ggdb3 -DSAFE_MUTEX -DSAFEMALLOC -DTRASH_FREED_MEMORY -Wall -Wextra -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-init-self -Wno-nonnull-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Woverloaded-virtual -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wvla -Wwrite-strings -Werror  -Wl,-z,relro,-z,now unittest/sql/CMakeFiles/mf_iocache-t.dir/mf_iocache-t.cc.o unittest/sql/CMakeFiles/mf_iocache-t.dir/__/__/sql/mf_iocache_encr.cc.o  -o unittest/sql/mf_iocache-t  -lpthread  mysys/libmysys.a  unittest/mytap/libmytap.a  mysys_ssl/libmysys_ssl.a  mysys/libmysys.a  dbug/libdbug.a  mysys/libmysys.a  dbug/libdbug.a  -lz  -lm  strings/libstrings.a  -lpthread  -lssl  -lcrypto  -ldl && :
/usr/bin/ld: mysys/libmysys.a(my_addr_resolve.c.o):/home/dan/repos/mariadb-server-10.4/mysys/my_addr_resolve.c:173: multiple definition of `info'; unittest/sql/CMakeFiles/mf_iocache-t.dir/mf_iocache-t.cc.o:/home/dan/repos/mariadb-server-10.4/unittest/sql/mf_iocache-t.cc:99: first defined here

We make Dl_info static as in MDEV-21646 moving it out of the function
was the main goal and having it scope limited by static doesn't affect
the function.

detect derived tables differently. TABLE_LIST::is_derived()
only works after mysql_derived_init()

cppcheck warnings

fix parsing of "1 IS NULL = 2"

don't allow group_concat_max_len values >= 4Gb
(they never worked anyway)

MDEV-14836 Assertion `m_status == DA_ERROR' failed in Diagnostics_area::sql_errno upon query from I_S with LIMIT ROWS EXAMINED

Make the test case more robust. We only care that the query returns
no rows and that the server doesn't crash.

MDEV-24033: SIGSEGV in __memcmp_avx2_movbe from queue_insert | SIGSEGV in __memcmp_avx2_movbe from native_compare

don't allow too small max_sort_length values

Revert "MDEV-24033: SIGSEGV in __memcmp_avx2_movbe from queue_insert | SIGSEGV in __memcmp_avx2_movbe from native_compare"

This reverts commit 5a0c34e4.
but keeps the test case

Cause: shared federatedx_io cannot store table-specific data.

Fix: move current row reference `federatedx_io_mysql::current` to
ha_federatedx.

FederatedX connection (represented by federatedx_io) is stored into
federatedx_txn::txn_list of per-server connections (see
federatedx_txn::acquire()). federatedx_txn object is stored into THD
(see ha_federatedx::external_lock()). When multiple handlers acquire
FederatedX connection they get single federatedx_io instance. Multiple
handlers do their operation via federatedx_io_mysql::mark_position()
and federatedx_io_mysql::fetch_row() in arbitrarty manner. They access
the same federatedx_io_mysql instance and same MYSQL_ROWS *current
pointer, so one handler disrupts the work of the other.

Related to "MDEV-14551 Can't find record in table on multi-table update
with ORDER BY".

When the query using a recursive CTE whose definition contained wildcard
symbols in the recursive part was processed at the prepare stage an
assertion was hit if the query was executed without any default database
set. The failure happened when the function insert_fields() tried to check
column privileges for the temporary table created for a recursive
reference to the CTE. No acl checks are needed for any CTE. That's why this
check should be blocked as well. The patch formulates a stricter condition
at which this check is to be blocked that covers the case when a query
using recursive CTEs is executed with no default database set.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

For table references to CTEs the field TABLE_LIST::db must be set to
an empty string as it's done for table references to derived tables in
order CTEs to be processed similar to how derived tables are processed.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

MDEV-24139: CHECK_CLAUSE field in INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS truncate check constraints expressions

- Reviewed by: daniel@mariadb.org

Introduced with 6b7918d5 in `10.2` just check for helper and handle
it if exist.

Reviewed by: cvicentiu@mariadb.org

- MDEV-24177: main.sp2 test fails: Result length mismatch
- MDEV-24178: main.upgrade_MDEV-19650 test fails: Result length mismatch

Reviewed by: serg@mariadb.com

           mergeable derived table

Do not check privileges for derived tables/CTEs and their fields.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

innobase_space_shutdown(): Remove. We want this step to be executed
before the message "InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number "
is output by innodb_shutdown(). It used to be executed after that step.

innodb_shutdown(): Duplicate the code that used to live in
innobase_space_shutdown().

innobase_init_abort(): Merge with innobase_space_shutdown().

events.

The log line should be added behind the filters.

The new option --log-innodb-page-corruption is introduced.

When this option is set, backup is not interrupted if innodb corrupted
page is detected. Instead it logs all found corrupted pages in
innodb_corrupted_pages file in backup directory and finishes with error.

For incremental backup corrupted pages are also copied to .delta file,
because we can't do LSN check for such pages during backup,
innodb_corrupted_pages will also be created in incremental backup
directory.

During --prepare, corrupted pages list is read from the file just after
redo log is applied, and each page from the list is checked if it is allocated
in it's tablespace or not. If it is not allocated, then it is zeroed out,
flushed to the tablespace and removed from the list. If all pages are removed
from the list, then --prepare is finished successfully and
innodb_corrupted_pages file is removed from backup directory. Otherwise
--prepare is finished with error message and innodb_corrupted_pages contains
the list of the pages, which are detected as corrupted during backup, and are
allocated in their tablespaces, what means backup directory contains corrupted
innodb pages, and backup can not be considered as consistent.

For incremental --prepare corrupted pages from .delta files are applied
to the base backup, innodb_corrupted_pages is read from both base in
incremental directories, and the same action is proceded for corrupted
pages list as for full --prepare. innodb_corrupted_pages file is
modified or removed only in base directory.

If DDL happens during backup, it is also processed at the end of backup
to have correct tablespace names in innodb_corrupted_pages.

The reason for the failure is that
thd->mdl_context.release_transactional_locks()
was called after commit & rollback even in cases where the current
transaction is still active.

For 10.2, 10.3 and 10.4 the fix is simple:
- Replace all calls to thd->mdl_context.release_transactional_locks() with
  thd->release_transactional_locks(). The thd function will only call
  the mdl_context function if there are no active transactional locks.
  In 10.6 we will better fix where we will change the return value for
  some trans_xxx() functions to indicate if transaction did close the
  transaction or not. This will avoid the need of the indirect call.

Other things:
- trans_xa_commit() and trans_xa_rollback() will automatically
  call release_transactional_locks() if the transaction is closed.
- We can't do that for the other functions as the caller of many of these
  are doing additional work (like close_thread_tables) before calling
  release_transactional_locks().
- Added missing abort_result_set() and missing DBUG_RETURN in
  select_create::send_eof()
- Fixed wrong indentation in injector::transaction::commit()

Reviewed by:serg@mariadb.com

This is a fixup patch for MDEV-23991 afc9d00c

We really should read result.n_leaf_pages, which was set previously.

Analysis and fix was provided by Jukka Santala. Thanks!

Reviewed by: Marko Mäkelä

The nonnull attribute is not applicable to parameters that are
passed by reference, at least not in the Intel compiler.
Let us remove the reference indirection, which was only there
so that the pointer could be assigned to NULL, and let the
callers perform that task.

row_log_allocate(): Fix a bug in out-of-memory error handling
that would leave a pointer to freed memory.

In galera_3nodes.galera_safe_to_bootstrap node restart can happen too soon, when earlier SST joiner process is still active in the node.
Similar issue may hurt other mtr tests as well.

This is second variant of fix for this issue. Here we only change rsync SST script to wait a little bit if lingering SST rsync is observed to be in execution.
We assume that the previous mysqld and SST processes have been already signaled to abort during earlier stataup attempt.

If other SST methods (than rsync) suffer from similar overlapping SST execution, they should be sorted out separately within each SST method handler scripts.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

Add test case

A bogus error message was issued when a condition was pushed into a
materialized derived table or view specified as union of selects with
aggregation when the corresponding columns of the selects had different
names. This happened because the expression pushed into having clauses of
the selects was adjusted for the names of the first select of the union.
The easiest solution was to rename the columns of the other selects to be
name compatible with the columns of the first select.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>