Problem 1:
When the 'Using index' optimization is used, the optimizer may still - after
cost-based optimization - decide to use another index in order to avoid using
a temporary table. But when this happens, the flag to the storage engine to 
read index only (not table) was still set. Fixed by resetting the flag in the 
storage engine and TABLE structure in the above scenario, unless the new index
allows for the same optimization.
Problem 2:
When a 'ref' access method was employed by cost-based optimizer, (when the column
is non-NULLable), it was assumed that it needed no initialization if 'quick' access
methods (since they are based on range scan). When ORDER BY optimization overrides 
the decision, however, it expects to have this initialized and hence crashes. 
Fixed in 5.1 (was fixed in 6.0 already) by initializing 'quick' even when there's 
'ref' access. 

mysql-test/r/order_by.result:
  Bug#46454: Test result.
mysql-test/t/order_by.test:
  Bug#46454: Test case.
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Bug#46454: 
  Problem 1 fixed in make_join_select()
  Problem 2 fixed in test_if_skip_sort_order()
sql/table.h:
  Bug#46454: Added comment to field.

http://lists.mysql.com/commits/53569

sql/ha_ndbcluster_binlog.cc:
  Remove extraneous mutex lock which could cause the server to deadlock.

engine to the partition_csv test. Also remove test case that was
duplicated. Fix connection procedure with the embedded server.

mysql-test/r/partition.result:
  Update test case result.
mysql-test/r/partition_csv.result:
  Update test case result.
mysql-test/t/partition.test:
  Move test cases to the partition_csv test.
mysql-test/t/partition_csv.test:
  Move tests from partition.test and remove duplicate.
  Tweaky connection procedure to work with embedded.

- Define and pass compile time path variables as pre-processor definitions to 
  mimic the makefile build.
- Set new CMake version and policy requirements explicitly.
- Changed DATADIR to MYSQL_DATADIR to avoid conflicting definition in 
  Platform SDK header ObjIdl.h which also defines DATADIR.

            when used with --tab

1) New syntax: added CHARACTER SET clause to the
  SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE (to complement the same clause in
  LOAD DATA INFILE).
  mysqldump is updated to use this in --tab mode.

2) ESCAPED BY/ENCLOSED BY field parameters are documented as
   accepting CHAR argument, however SELECT .. INTO OUTFILE
   silently ignored rests of multisymbol arguments.
   For the symmetrical behavior with LOAD DATA INFILE the
   server has been modified to fail with the same error:

     ERROR 42000: Field separator argument is not what is
                  expected; check the manual

3) Current LOAD DATA INFILE recognizes field/line separators
   "as is" without converting from client charset to data
   file charset. So, it is supposed, that input file of
   LOAD DATA INFILE consists of data in one charset and
   separators in other charset. For the compatibility with
   that [buggy] behaviour SELECT INTO OUTFILE implementation
   has been saved "as is" too, but the new warning message
   has been added:

     Non-ASCII separator arguments are not fully supported

   This message warns on field/line separators that contain
   non-ASCII symbols.


client/mysqldump.c:
  mysqldump has been updated to call SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE
  statement with a charset from the --default-charset command
  line parameter.
mysql-test/r/mysqldump.result:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/r/outfile_loaddata.result:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/t/mysqldump.test:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
mysql-test/t/outfile_loaddata.test:
  Added test case for bug #30946.
sql/field.cc:
  String conversion code has been moved from check_string_copy_error()
  to convert_to_printable() for reuse.
sql/share/errmsg.txt:
  New WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED message has been added.
sql/sql_class.cc:
  The select_export::prepare() method has been modified to:
  
    1) raise the ER_WRONG_FIELD_TERMINATORS error on multisymbol
       ENCLOSED BY/ESCAPED BY field arguments like LOAD DATA INFILE;
  
    2) warn with a new WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
       message on non-ASCII field or line separators.
  
  The select_export::send_data() merhod has been modified to
  convert item data to output charset (see new SELECT INTO OUTFILE
  syntax). By default the BINARY charset is used for backward
  compatibility.
sql/sql_class.h:
  The select_export::write_cs field added to keep output
  charset.
sql/sql_load.cc:
  mysql_load has been modified to warn on non-ASCII field or
  line separators with a new WARN_NON_ASCII_SEPARATOR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
  message.
sql/sql_string.cc:
  New global function has been added: convert_to_printable()
  (common code has been moved from check_string_copy_error()).
sql/sql_string.h:
  New String::is_ascii() method and new global convert_to_printable()
  function have been added.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  New syntax: added CHARACTER SET clause to the
  SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE (to complement the same clause in
  LOAD DATA INFILE). By default the BINARY charset is used for
  backward compatibility.

If using statement based replication (SBR), repeatedly calling
statements which are unsafe for SBR will cause a warning message
to be written to the error for each statement. This might lead
to filling up the error log and there is no way to disable this
behavior.

The solution is to only log these message (about statements unsafe
for statement based replication) if the log_warnings option is set.

For example:

SET GLOBAL LOG_WARNINGS = 0;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID());
SET GLOBAL LOG_WARNINGS = 1;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID());

In this case the message will be printed only once:

[Warning] Statement may not be safe to log in statement format.
          Statement: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(UUID())

mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning.result:
  Add test case result for Bug#46265
mysql-test/suite/binlog/t/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning-master.opt:
  Make log_error value available.
mysql-test/suite/binlog/t/binlog_stm_unsafe_warning.test:
  Add test case for Bug#46265
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Print warning only if the log_warnings is enabled.

We disallow the partitioning of a log table. You could however
partition a table first, and then point logging to it. This is
not only against the docs, it also crashes the server.

We catch this case now.

mysql-test/r/partition.result:
  results for 40281
mysql-test/t/partition.test:
  test for 40281: show that trying to log to partitioned table fails rather
  to crash the server
sql/ha_partition.cc:
  Signal that we no longer support logging to partitioned tables,
  as per the docs.
sql/sql_partition.cc:
  Some commands like "USE ..." have no select, yet we may try
  to parse partition info after their execution if user set a
  partitioned table as log target. This shouldn't lead to a
  NULL-deref/crash.

Initialize LOCK_open as a adapative mutex on platforms where the
PTHREAD_ADAPTIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP macro is available. The flag
indicates that a thread should spin (busy wait) for some time on a
locked adaptive mutex before blocking (sleeping). It's intended to
to alleviate performance problems due to LOCK_open being a highly
contended mutex.

sql/mysqld.cc:
  Initialize LOCK_open as a adapative mutex.

      
A REPLACE in the MERGE engine is actually a REPLACE
into one (FIRST or LAST) of the underlying MyISAM
tables. So in effect the server works on the meta
data of the MERGE table, while the real insert happens
in the MyISAM table.

The MERGE table has no index, while MyISAM has a
unique index. When a REPLACE into a MERGE table (
and the REPLACE conflicts with a duplicate in a
child table) is done, we try to access the duplicate
key information for the MERGE table. This information
actually does not exist, hence this results in a crash.

The problem can be resolved by modifying the MERGE
engine to provide us the duplicate key information
directly, instead of just returning the MyISAM index
number as the error key. Then the SQL layer (or "the
server") does not try to access the key_info of the
MERGE table, which does not exist.

The current patch modifies the MERGE engine to provide
the position for a record where a unique key violation
occurs.

include/myisammrg.h:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Add a member to the st_mymerge_info structure that will
  store the duplicate key offset in the MERGE table. This
  offset will be the sum of the record offset of the MyISAM
  table within the MERGE table and the offset of the record
  within the MyISAM table.
mysql-test/r/merge.result:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Result file for the test case.
mysql-test/t/merge.test:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Added test case for both REPLACE and INSERT...ON DUPLICATE UPDATE.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  The info method now will process the HA_STATUS_ERRKEY flag
  and will return the index and the offset of the duplicate
  key.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.h:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  Set the HA_DUPLICATE_POS flag to indicate that the duplicate
  key information is now available in the MERGE storage engine.
storage/myisammrg/myrg_info.c:
  Bug#45800 crash when replacing into a merge table and there is a duplicate
  
  We modify the myrg_status function to return the position of the
  duplicate key. The duplicate key position in the MERGE table will
  be the MyISAM file_offset and the offset within the MyISAM table
  of the start position of the records.

Fixed wrong prototype declaration which cased build failure on solaris.

          an assertion in a debug build.

The reason is that the C API doesn't support multiple result sets for prepared
statements and attempting to execute a stored routine which returns multiple result
sets sometimes lead to a network error. The network error sets the diagnostic area
prematurely which later leads to the assert when an attempt is made to set a second
server state.

This patch fixes the issue by changing the scope of the error code returned by
sp_instr_stmt::execute() to include any error which happened during the execution.
To assure that Diagnostic_area::is_sent really mean that the message was sent all
network related functions are checked for return status.

libmysqld/lib_sql.cc:
  * Changed prototype to return success/failure status on net_send_error_packet(),
    net_send_ok(), net_send_eof(), write_eof_packet().
mysql-test/r/sp_notembedded.result:
  * Added test case for bug 44521
mysql-test/t/sp_notembedded.test:
  * Added test case for bug 44521
sql/protocol.cc:
  * Changed prototype to return success/failure status on net_send_error_packet(),
    net_send_ok(), net_send_eof(), write_eof_packet().
sql/protocol.h:
  * Changed prototype to return success/failure status on net_send_error_packet(),
    net_send_ok(), net_send_eof(), write_eof_packet().
sql/sp_head.cc:
  * Changed prototype to return success/failure status on net_send_error_packet(),
    net_send_ok(), net_send_eof(), write_eof_packet().

Bug#46354, when defining partitions without subpartition definition after defining it with the first partition and using list partition caused crash, fixed by more error checks in parser

those keywords do nothing in 5.1 (they are meant for future versions, for example featuring the Maria engine)
so they are here removed from the syntax. Adding those keywords to future versions when needed is:
- WL#5034 "Add TRANSACTIONA=0|1 and PAGE_CHECKSUM=0|1 clauses to CREATE TABLE"
- WL#5037 "New ROW_FORMAT value for CREATE TABLE: PAGE"

mysql-test/r/create.result:
  test that syntax is not accepted
mysql-test/t/create.test:
  test that syntax is not accepted
sql/handler.cc:
  remove ROW_FORMAT=PAGE
sql/handler.h:
  Mark unused objects, but I don't remove them by fear of breaking any plugin which includes this file
  (see also table.h)
sql/lex.h:
  removing syntax
sql/sql_show.cc:
  removing output of noise keywords in SHOW CREATE TABLE and INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
sql/sql_table.cc:
  removing TRANSACTIONAL
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  removing syntax
sql/table.cc:
  removing TRANSACTIONAL, PAGE_CHECKSUM. Their place in the frm file is not reclaimed,
  for compatibility with older 5.1.
sql/table.h:
  Mark unused objects, but I don't remove them by fear of breaking any plugin which includes this file
  (and there are several engines which use the content TABLE_SHARE and thus rely on a certain binary
  layout of this structure).

consumption (CPU) for upgrading a large log table can be intense.
Therefore, truncate the general_log table beforehand if running
mysql_upgrade test with Valgrind.

mysql-test/t/mysql_upgrade.test:
  Truncate log table if running with Valgrind.

            compression 
 
Since uint3korr() may read 4 bytes depending on build flags and 
platform, allocate 1 extra "safety" byte in the network buffer 
for cases when uint3korr() in my_real_read() is called to read
last 3 bytes in the buffer. 
 
It is practically hard to construct a reliable and reasonably 
small test case for this bug as that would require constructing 
input stream such that a certain sequence of bytes in a 
compressed packet happens to be the last 3 bytes of the network 
buffer. 


sql/net_serv.cc:
  Allocate 1 extra "safety" byte in the network buffer for cases 
  when uint3korr() is used to read last 3 bytes in the buffer.

If the log_bin_trust_function_creators option is not defined, creating a stored
function requires either one of the modifiers DETERMINISTIC, NO SQL, or READS
SQL DATA. Executing a stored function should also follows the same rules if in
STATEMENT mode. However, this was not happening and a wrong error was being
printed out: ER_BINLOG_ROW_RBR_TO_SBR.

The patch makes the creation and execution compatible and prints out the correct
error ER_BINLOG_UNSAFE_ROUTINE when a stored function without one of the modifiers
above is executed in STATEMENT mode.

The maximum value of the max_join_size variable is set by converting
a signed type (long int) with negative value (-1) to a wider unsigned
type (unsigned long long), which yields the largest possible value of
the wider unsigned type -- as per the language conversion rules. But,
depending on build options, the type of the max_join_size might be a
shorter type (ha_rows - unsigned long) which causes the warning to be
thrown once the large value is truncated to fit.

The solution is to ensure that the maximum value of the variable is
always set to the maximum value of integer type of max_join_size.

Furthermore, it would be interesting to always have a fixed type for
this variable, but this would incur in a change of behavior which is
not acceptable for a GA version. See Bug#35346.

sql/mysqld.cc:
  Set max value for type.

during bootstrap on a embedded server.

libmysqld/lib_sql.cc:
  Handle a failure during bootstrap.