(Backport Varun Gupta's patch + edit the commit comment)

Name resolution code produced errors for valid queries with window
functions (but not for queries which used aggregate functions as
window functions).

Name resolution code worked incorrectly, because window function
objects had is_window_func_sum_expr()=false. This was so, because
mark_as_window_func_sum_expr() was only called for aggregate functions
used as window functions.

The fix is to call it for any window function.

Fixed the test to execute only on linux as it depends on unportable sed.

- Revert wrongly record embedded result files. These were either
  recorded with normal server (not embedded) or an embedded server
  with not default compile option. This can be seen that the committed
  result file had replication variables which should never happen.

- Reverted back change of include/is_embedded.inc. One cannot check for
  $MYSQL_EMBEDDED as this only tells if there exists an embedded
  server, not if the current server we are testing is the embedded
  server. This could easily be verified by doing
  'mtr sys_vars.sysvars_server_embedded'. This would fail with a wrong
  result instead of being marked as skipped as --embedded was not
  used.

This happens when compiled with HAVE_EMBEDDED_PRIVILEGE_CONTROL.
There is a lot of other problems with the above option that should
be fixed at some point

This avoids printing the error
"mysqld: file-key-management-filename  is not set"
which can happen if the file-key-management pluging is statically compiled

Removed the option as it safe to always create the file when we have
created the MariaDB data directories. This fixes this issue not only
for debian but for all MariaDB users.

This patch let's you specify not only user to use but also group that
MariaDB should use.

Original patch:
https://github.com/openSUSE/mysql-packaging/blob/master/patches/mysql-patches/mariadb-10.2.3-group.patch

Author:   Kristyna Streitova
Reviewer: monty@mariadb.org

The assert was caused by an error of XA transaction that had
BINLOG 'base64_string' statement.
The statement failed because of lack of checking whether the encoded
replication event was handled by the slave applier thread.
If it's not the slave applier no error should be generated, but it was
in this case, see a test added.

Fixed along with the idea borrowed the upstream to introduce a check
of which applier executes the replication event and do not
report any error if the applier is a regular server client.

Prevent the error:

setroubleshoot[23678]: SELinux is preventing /usr/libexec/mysqld from read access on the file core_pattern.

Reading of the core pattern occurs on crash as added in MDEV-15051

RHEL-7.7

$  ls -laZ /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
-rw-r--r--. root root system_u:object_r:usermodehelper_t:s0 /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern

mtr is checking the wrong path for the embedded executable
on out of tree builds.

The is_embedded.inc tests are also checking the version rather
than the MTR MYSQL_EMBEDDED environment variable.

As a result, a few tests are out of date in the result recordings.

For compatibility this is under an extra option --upgrade-info

The goal here is to install a data directory with the required
info to let mysql_upgrade know that an upgrade isn't required.

MDEV-8652: Partitioned table creation problem when creating from procedure context twice in same session

The problem was solved in in MDEV-7990, this commit contains only test

This patch addresses two problems with
rpl.rpl_seconds_behind_master_spike

First, --sync_slave_with_master / select master_pos_wait
seems to have a bug where it will hang after all master
events have been executed.

This patch removes the sync_slave_with_master command from
the test, where it not required anyway as it is used to
declare explicit cleanup

Second, the test uses timestamps to ensure that the
Seconds_Behind_Master value does not point to a time too
far in the past. The checks of these timestamps were
too strict, because they could be slightly inconsistent
with the master and the SBM would be counted as invalid
when it was actually correct.

To fix this, a slight buffer was added to the check
to ensure the value is valid but still does not point
too far in the past

Reviewed By:
===========
Andrei Elkin <andrei.elkin@mariadb.com>

MDEV-25917 create table like fails if source table is partitioned and engine is myisam or aria with data directory.

Create table like removes data_file_path/index_file_path from the
thd->work_partition_info.

MDEV-24088 Assertion in InnoDB's FTS code may be triggered by a repeated words fed to simple_parser plugin

increment `position` for every word, because the plugin doesn't
(FTS API doesn't use positions that InnoDB FTS relies on)

Remove output if wsrep is not enabled.

MDEV-20516: Assertion `!lex->proc_list.first && !lex->result && !lex->param_list.elements' failed in mysql_create_view

Execution of the CREATE VIEW statement sent via binary protocol
where the flags of the COM_STMT_EXECUTE request a cursor to be opened
before running the statement results in an assert failure.

This assert fails since the data member thd->lex->result has not null
value pointing to an instance of the class Select_materialize.
The data member thd->lex->result is assigned a pointer to the class
Select_materialize in the function mysql_open_cursor() that invoked
in case the packet COM_STMT_EXECUTE requests a cursor to be opened.

After thd->lex->result is assigned a pointer to an instance of the
class Select_materialize the function mysql_create_view() is called
(indirectly via the function mysql_execute_statement()) and the assert
fails.

The assert
  DBUG_ASSERT(!lex->proc_list.first && !lex->result &&
              !lex->param_list.elements);

was added by the commit 591c06d4.
Unfortunately , the condition
  !lex->result
was specified incorrect. It was supposed that the thd->lex->result
is set only by parser on handling the clauses SELECT ... INTO
but indeed it is also set inside mysql_open_cursor() and
that fact was missed by the assert's condition.

So, the fix for this issue is to just remove the condition
  !lex->result
from the failing assert.

It's misleading to compare and write to user number of columns and fields.
Thus, it would be better to remove that check and let use see a subsequent
error message about missing or mispaced column.

row_import::match_schema(): remove misleading check

Changed the grouping and decimal separator for spanish locales as per
ICU.

Change-Id: I5d80fa59d3e66372d904e17c22c532d4dd2c565b

also fix a comment, and update a macro just in case

The InnoDB DATA DIRECTORY attribute is not implemented via
symbolic links but something similar, *.isl files that contain
the names of data files.

InnoDB failed to ignore the DATA DIRECTORY attribute even though
the server was started with --skip-symbolic-links.

Native ALTER TABLE in InnoDB will retain the DATA DIRECTORY attribute
of the table, no matter if the table will be rebuilt or not.

Generic ALTER TABLE (with ALGORITHM=COPY) as well as TRUNCATE TABLE
will discard the DATA DIRECTORY attribute.

All tests have been run with and without the ./mtr option
--mysqld=--skip-symbolic-links
and some tests that use the InnoDB DATA DIRECTORY attribute
have been adjusted for this.

Add a --rocksdb_ignore_datadic_errors plugin option for MyRocks.

The default is 0, and this means MyRocks will call abort() if it detects
a DDL mismatch.

Setting rocksdb_ignore_datadic_errors=1 makes MyRocks to try to ignore the
errors and allow to start the server for repairs.

In ha_rocksdb::open(), check if the number of indexes seen from the
SQL layer matches the number of indexes in the internal MyRocks data
dictionary.

Produce an error if there is a mismatch. (If we don't produce this error,
we are likely to crash as soon as we attempt to use an index)

Code copied from 10.6

MDEV-27107 prevent two mariadb-upgrade running in parallel
MDEV-27279 mariadb_upgrade add --check-if-upgrade-is-needed /
           restrict tests to major version

Code is based of pull request from Daniel Black, but with a several
extensions.

- mysql_upgrade now locks the mysql_upgrade file with my_lock()
  (Advisory record locking). This ensures that two mysql_upgrades
   cannot be run in parallel.
- Added --check-if-upgrade-is-needed to mysql_upgrade. This will return
  0 if one has to run mysql_upgrade.

Other changes:
- mysql_upgrade will now immediately exit if the major version and minor
  version  (two first numbers in the version string) is same as last run.
  Before this change mysql_upgrade was run if the version string was different
  from last run.
- Better messages when there is no need to run mysql_upgrade.
- mysql_upgrade --verbose now prints out a lot more information about
  the version checking.
- mysql_upgrade --debug now uses default debug arguments if there is no
  option to --debug
- "MySQL" is renamed to MariaDB in the messages
- mysql_upgrade version increased to 2.0

Notes
Verifying "prevent two mariadb-upgrade running in parallel" was
done in a debugger as it would be a bit complex to do that in mtr.

Reviewer: Danial Black <daniel@mariadb.org>

 - InnoDB change buffer doesn't support spatial index. Spatial
index should avoid change the buffer bitmap page when the page
split happens.

Mixed declarations and code is not allowed for C90 so
fix it to avoid compilation break on some platforms.

Database names are 64 utf8 characters per the system tables
that refer to them.

The current database() function is returning 34 characters.

The result of limiting this function results to max length of 34
became apparent when used in a UNION ALL where the results are
truncated to 34 characters.

For (uninvestigated) reasons, SELECT DATABASE() on its own
would always return the right number of characters.

Thanks Alexander Barkov for the review.

Thanks dave for noticing the bug in the stackexchange post
https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/306183/why-is-my-database-name-truncated

Running a query using cursor could lead to a server crash on
building a temporary table used for handling the query.

For example, the following cursor

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR
  SELECT t2.c1 AS c1 FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.c1 = t2.c1
  WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM t1 WHERE c2 = -1) ORDER BY c1;

declared and executed inside a stored routine could result in server
crash on creating a temporary table used for handling the ORDER BY clause.

Crash occurred on attempt to create the temporary table's fields based
on fields whose data located in a memory root that already freed.

It happens inside the function return_zero_rows() where the method
Select_materialize::send_result_set_metadata() is invoked for cursor case.
This method calls the st_select_lex_unit::get_column_types() in order to
get a list of items with types of columns for the temporary table being created.
The method st_select_lex_unit::get_column_types() returns
  first_select()->join->fields
in case it is invoked for a cursor. Unfortunately, this memory has been already
deallocated bit earlier by calling
  join->join_free();
inside the function return_zero_rows().

In case the query listed in the example is run in conventional way (without
using cursor) the method st_select_lex_unit::get_column_types()
returns first_select()->item_list that is not touched by invocation
of the method join->join_free() so everything is fine for that.

So, to fix the issue the resources allocated for the JOIN class should be
released after any activities with the JOIN class has been completed,
that is as the last statement before returning from the function
return_zero_rows().

This patch includes tests both for the case when a cursor is run explicitly
from within a stored routine and for the case when a cursor is opened
implicitly as prescribed by the STMT_ATTR_CURSOR_TYPE attribute of
binary protocol (the case of prepared statement).

- Cherry-pick 2fcff310 (MDEV-21902)
- Closed PR #1145
Reviewed by: holyfoot@mariadb.com