This commit adds even more correct handling of parameters
with paths when they contain leading or trailing spaces and/or
slashes. Also it fixes problems that occur when the user specified
explicit paths to additional directories, but these paths match
the specified path of the data directory - in this case, additional
subdirectories should be treated (in relation to the data directory)
in the same way as if these paths were not specified or as if they
are implicitly specified as "." or "./". But prior to this fix,
existing code treated any values as if they were completely
separate directories, whether or not they actually point to the
same location to which datadir points to - and this sometimes
resulted in incorrect file transfers.

This fix does not contain separate tests, as tests will be
part of the main commit(s). This fix has been made as a separate
commit to facilitate review for major substantive fixes related
to MDEV-30157 and MDEV-28669.

(Variant 3, initial variant was by Rex Jonston)

A LEFT JOIN with a constant as a column of the inner table produced wrong
query result if the optimizer had to write the inner table column into a
temp table. Query pattern:

  SELECT ...
  FROM (SELECT /*non-mergeable select*/
        FROM t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT 'Y' as Val) t2 ON ...) as tbl

Fixed this by adding Item_direct_view_ref::save_in_field() which follows
the pattern of Item_direct_view_ref's save_org_in_field(),
save_in_result_field() and val_XXX() functions:
* call check_null_ref() and handle NULL value
* if we didn't get a NULL-complemented row, call Item_direct_ref's function.

lock_rec_has_to_wait(): Remove the unused parameter for_locking
that had been originally added
in commit df4dd593

clang15 finally errors on old prototype definations.

Its also a lot fussier about variables that aren't used
as is the case a number of time with loop counters that
aren't examined.

RocksDB was complaining that its get_range function was
declared without the array length in ha_rocksdb.h. While
a constant is used rather than trying to import the
Rdb_key_def::INDEX_NUMBER_SIZE header (was causing a lot of
errors on the defination of other orders). If the constant
does change can be assured that the same compile warnings will
tell us of the error.

The ha_rocksdb::index_read_map_impl DBUG_EXECUTE_IF was similar
to the existing endless functions used in replication tests.
Its rather moot point as the rocksdb.force_shutdown test that
uses myrocks_busy_loop_on_row_read is currently disabled.

regression from MDEV-29540 / 8c389393.

INSERT SELECT errors needed to be unconditionally ignored.

As this touches the CREATE .. SELECT functionality, show
the equalivent test there.

Don't display the source revision in the mysqld --help output.

This bug affected queries with nested left joins having the same last inner
table such that not_exists optimization could be applied to the most inner
outer join when optimizer chose to use join buffers. The bug could lead to
producing wrong a result set.
If the WHERE condition a query contains a conjunctive IS NULL predicate
over a non-nullable column of an inner table of a not nested outer join
then not_exists optimization can be applied to tho the outer join. With
this optimization when looking for matches for a certain record from the
outer table of the join the records of the inner table can be ignored
right after the first match satisfying the ON condition is found.
In the case of nested outer joins having the same last inner table this
optimization still can be applied but only if all ON conditions of the
embedding outer joins are satisfied. Such check was missing in the code
that tried to apply not_exists optimization when join buffers were used
for outer join operations.
This problem has been already fixed in the patch for bug MDEV-7992. Yet
there it was resolved only for the cases when join buffers were not used
for outer joins.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

MariaDB MDEV-12583 added `SOURCE_REVISION` variable that exposes the
SHA1 of source code commit that the current running engine was built
from. This info is useful for troubleshooting and debugging.

This commit does the following:
- addes the `SOURCE_REVISION` value into engine error log.
- when a crash triggers handle_fatal_signal, the `SOURCE_REVISION` will
  be included in crash report.
- resolves MDEV-20344: startup messages belong in stderr/error-log not
  stdout

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several files
that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed under the
BSD-new license.  I am contributing on behalf of my employer Amazon Web
Services, Inc.

Signed-off-by: lilinjie <lilinjie@uniontech.com>

If mariadb-service-convert is run and the user variable is unset then
this sets `User=` in `[Service]`, which then tries to run mariadb as
root, which in-turn fails. This only happens when mysqld_safe is missing
which is all the time now. So don't set `User=` if there is no user variable.

Reviewer: Sergei Golubchik <serg@mariadb.org> (in PR #2382)

Make Item_direct_ref_to_item transparent for Spider

The idea is to put Item_direct_ref_to_item as a transparent and
permanent wrapper before a string which require conversion.
So that Item_direct_ref_to_item would be the only place where
the pointer to the string item is stored, this pointer can be changed
and restored during PS execution as needed. And if any permanent
(subquery) optimization would need a pointer to the item,
it'll use a pointer to the Item_direct_ref_to_item - which is
a permanent item and won't go away.

Reverted changed in server code introduced by
the commit bd9274fa.
Tests from this commit are retained.

move mariadb_capi_rename.h out of private server headers,
because it's included by mysql.h which is not private.

custom code in `case OPT_SKIP_RESOLVE`
was overriding the correct value from handle_options().

covers `git commit -a` and `git citool` (`git add`, `git status`, etc).
they can still be added explicitly

the parser couldn't parse `1=2 not between 3 and 5`
after `2` it expected only NOT2_SYM, but not NOT_SYM
(visible from the sql_yacc.output file), which resulted in
Syntax error ... near 'not between 3 and 4'

The parser was confused by a rather low NOT_SYM precedence and
%prec BETWEEN_SYM didn't resolve this confusion.

As a fix, let's remove any %precedence from NOT_SYM and
specify %prec explicitly in the only place where it matters for NOT_SYM.

In other places, such as for NOT BETWEEN, NOT_SYM won't have a
precedence, so bison won't be confused about it.

Without Galera, mariabackup should ignore the --galera-info option
and not fail with rc != 0 like it does now. This commit fixes this flaw.

  * Avoid some pessimization
  * Slightly smaller upgrade dataset
  * Simplify vers_row_same_trx() and its caller

1. In case of system-versioned table add row_end into FTS_DOC_ID index
   in fts_create_common_tables() and innobase_create_key_defs().
   fts_n_uniq() returns 1 or 2 depending on whether the table is
   system-versioned.

   After this patch recreate of FTS_DOC_ID index is required for
   existing system-versioned tables. If you see this message in error
   log or server warnings: "InnoDB: Table db/t1 contains 2 indexes
   inside InnoDB, which is different from the number of indexes 1
   defined in the MariaDB" use this command to fix the table:

      ALTER TABLE db.t1 FORCE;

2. Fix duplicate history for secondary unique index like it was done
   in MDEV-23644 for clustered index (932ec586). In case of
   existing history row which conflicts with currently inseted row we
   check in row_ins_scan_sec_index_for_duplicate() whether that row
   was inserted as part of current transaction. In that case we
   indicate with DB_FOREIGN_DUPLICATE_KEY that new history row is not
   needed and should be silently skipped.

3. Some parts of MDEV-21138 (7410ff43) reverted. Skipping of
   FTS_DOC_ID index for history rows made problems with purge
   system. Now this is fixed differently by p.2.

4. wait_all_purged.inc checks that we didn't affect non-history rows
   so they are deleted and purged correctly.

Additional FTS fixes

  fts_init_get_doc_id(): exclude history rows from max_doc_id
  calculation. fts_init_get_doc_id() callback is used only for crash
  recovery.

  fts_add_doc_by_id(): set max value for row_end field.

  fts_read_stopword(): stopwords table can be system-versioned too. We
  now read stopwords only for current data.

  row_insert_for_mysql(): exclude history rows from doc_id validation.

  row_merge_read_clustered_index(): exclude history_rows from doc_id
  processing.

  fts_load_user_stopword(): for versioned table retrieve row_end field
  and skip history rows. For non-versioned table we retrieve 'value'
  field twice (just for uniformity).

FTS tests for System Versioning now include maybe_versioning.inc which
adds 3 combinations:

'vers'     for debug build sets sysvers_force and
	   sysvers_hide. sysvers_force makes every created table
	   system-versioned, sysvers_hide hides WITH SYSTEM VERSIONING
	   for SHOW CREATE.

	   Note: basic.test, stopword.test and versioning.test do not
	   require debug for 'vers' combination. This is controlled by
	   $modify_create_table in maybe_versioning.inc and these
	   tests run WITH SYSTEM VERSIONING explicitly which allows to
	   test 'vers' combination on non-debug builds.

'vers_trx' like 'vers' sets sysvers_force_trx and sysvers_hide. That
	   tests FTS with trx_id-based System Versioning.

'orig' 	   works like before: no System Versioning is added, no debug is
	   required.

Upgrade/downgrade test for System Versioning is done by
innodb_fts.versioning. It has 2 combinations:

'prepare' makes binaries in std_data (requires old server and OLD_BINDIR).
	  It tests upgrade/downgrade against old server as well.

'upgrade' tests upgrade against binaries in std_data.

Cleanups:

Removed innodb-fts-stopword.test as it duplicates stopword.test

Adds new parameter $restart_bindir for restart_mysqld.inc.

Example:

let $restart_bindir= /home/midenok/src/mariadb/10.3b/build;
--source include/restart_mysqld.inc

It is good to return back original server before check_mysqld will be
run at the test end:

let $restart_bindir=;
--source include/restart_mysqld.inc

Works like vers_force but forces trx_id-based system-versioned tables
if the storage supports it (currently InnoDB-only). Otherwise creates
timestamp-based system-versioned table.

Before the fix next-key lock was requested only if a record was
delete-marked for locking unique search in RR isolation level.
There can be several delete-marked records for the same unique key,
that's why InnoDB scans the records until eighter non-delete-marked record
is reached or all delete-marked records with the same unique key are
scanned.

For range scan next-key locks are used for RR to protect scanned range from
inserting new records by other transactions. And this is the reason of why
next-key locks are used for delete-marked records for unique searches.

If a record is not delete-marked, the requested lock type was "not-gap".
When a record is not delete-marked during lock request by trx 1, and
some other transaction holds conflicting lock, trx 1 creates waiting
not-gap lock on the record and suspends. During trx 1 suspending the
record can be delete-marked. And when the lock is granted on conflicting
transaction commit or rollback, its type is still "not-gap". So we have
"not-gap" lock on delete-marked record for RR. And this let some other
transaction to insert some record with the same unique key when trx 1 is
not committed, what can cause isolation level violation.

The fix is to set next-key locks for both delete-marked and
non-delete-marked records for unique search in RR.

When trying to create a spider table with banned charsets including
utf32, utf16, ucs2 and utf16le[1], spider should emit an error
immediately, rather than wait until a separate statement that
establishes a connection (e.g. SELECT). This also applies to ALTER
TABLE statement that changes charsets.

[1] https://mariadb.com/kb/en/server-system-variables/#character_set_clientSigned-off-by: Yuchen Pei <yuchen.pei@mariadb.com>
Reviewed-by: Nayuta Yanagisawa <nayuta.yanagisawa@mariadb.com>

Excluded one case from view-protocol in gis.test

An unfortunate change to the default behavior of the handling of
core dumps was implemented in
commit e9be5428
by making MTR_PRINT_CORE=small the default value, that is, to
only display the stack trace of one thread in crash reports.
Many if not most failures that occur in regression tests are
sporadic and involve race conditions or deadlocks. To be able to
analyze such failures, having the stack traces of all active threads
is a must, because CI environments typically do not save any core dumps.

While the environment variable MTR_PRINT_CORE could be set in CI
environments to compensate for the unfortunate change, it is better
to revert to the old default (dumping all threads) so that
no explicit action will be required from maintainers of independent
CI systems. In that case, if something fails once in a blue moon,
we can have some hope of diagnosing it based on the output.

We fix this regression by defaulting the unset environment variable
MTR_PRINT_CORE to "medium".

Some tests drop the default mtr database "test". This may fail due
to the directory not being empty. InnoDB may not delete all tables
immediately, due to the "background drop table queue" or its
replacement in commit 1bd681c8
(the purge of history would clean up after a DDL operation during
which the server was killed).

Let us try to avoid "drop database test" whenever it is easily possible.
Where it is not, SET GLOBAL innodb_max_purge_lag_wait=0 will ensure
that the replacement of the "background drop table queue" will have
completed its job.

Consistent with MDEV-4206 and empty log_slow_filter still means
no explict filtering. Since 21518ab2 however the
log_queries_not_using_indexes became stored in the same variable.

As we need to test for the absense of log_queries_not_using_indexes
the SERVER_QUERY_NO_INDEX USED part of log_slow_statement, the empty
criteria resulted in an always true to log queries not using indexes if
log_slow_filter was set to empty.

Adjusted the log_slow.test for MDEV-4206 as slow_log_query has been
global and session for a while and it was relying on the MDEV-21187
buggy behavior to detect a slow query.

Reviewer: Monty

Previously we parsed it out in mysql_install_db for use in the error
message, but failed to pass it to mysqld in the bootstrap.

Also match log_error as it might appear in the .cnf files.

Thanks Michal Schorm for the test case.

Reviewed by: Faustin Lammler

This commit fixes the test system hanging due to
the galera_var_notify_ssl_ipv6 test and also brings
the wsrep_notify[_ssl].sh files in line with each other
between the user template and the mtr suite.

Quotes are also added here to avoid problems if the
user specifies the value of one of the variables at the
beginning of the file containing shell-specific characters,
for example, if the password or username specified in the
PSWD and USER variables will contain the "$" character.

Also fixed an issue with automatic --ssl-verify-server-cert
option substitution when the corresponding value is set
by the user to "1" or "on".

Also fixed some tests here to avoid joining one of the nodes
to another cluster when the nodes are restarted from the mtr
side, which can lead to random failures when testing with
buildbot.

mysql_discard_or_import_tablespace(): On successful
ALTER TABLE...DISCARD TABLESPACE, evict the table handle from the
table definition cache, so that ha_innobase::close() will be invoked,
like InnoDB expects to be the case. This will avoid an assertion failure
ut_a(table->get_ref_count() == 0) during IMPORT TABLESPACE.

ha_innobase::open(): Do not issue any ER_TABLESPACE_DISCARDED warning.
Member functions for DML will do that.

ha_innobase::truncate(), ha_innobase::check_if_supported_inplace_alter():
Issue ER_TABLESPACE_DISCARDED warnings, to compensate for the removal of
the warning in ha_innobase::open().

row_quiesce_write_indexes(): Only write information about committed
indexes. The ALTER TABLE t NOWAIT ADD INDEX(c) in the nondeterministic
test case will most of the time fail due to a metadata lock (MDL) timeout
and leave behind an uncommitted index.

Reviewed by: Sergei Golubchik

The geometry type requires Type:"Feature" but the feature need
not be first in the JSON structure.

Adjust code to return an error if geometry isn't a JSON object,
but continue parsing searching for Type: "Feature" to trigger
the geometry parsing.

Thanks Derick Magnusen for the bug report.

Add retry logic for CreateFile, DeleteFile, or MoveFile
when GetLastError() is ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION.

MDEV-29636 Assertion `part_share->auto_inc_initialized || !can_use_for_auto_inc_init()' failed in ha_partition::set_auto_increment_if_higher upon REPLACE with partition pruning

The bug is caused by a similar mechanism as MDEV-21027.

The function, check_insert_or_replace_autoincrement, failed to open
all the partitions on REPLACE SELECT statements and it results in the
assertion error.