If one wants to check URLs on UNIX-sockets, there is no full URL schema
in curl for this, but the following has to be used instead:

    curl --unix-socket /path/to/socket http:/<url-path>

For this to work, one can do e.g. the following trick:

    [promise-unicorn]
    recipe  = slapos.cookbook:check_url_available
    url     = --unix-socket ${unicorn:socket}  http:/

but then generated promise scripts fails this way:

    ./etc/promise/unicorn: line 7: [: too many arguments

via quoting $URL in emptiness check we can support both usual URLs and
urls with --unix-socket prepended trick.

/reviewed-by @cedric.leninivin  (on nexedi/slapos!31)

In gitlab SR a service I need to check - gitlab-workhorse, returns 200
only when request comes to some repository and authentication backend
allows it.

Requiring access to repositories is not very good just to check if the
service is alive, and also auth backend can be not alive, and initially
there are no repositories at all. So gitlab-workhorse is checked to be
alive by pinging it with non-existing URL and expecting 403.

For this to work we need to allow clients to specify expected HTTP code
instead of previously hardcoded 200 (which still remains the default).

/reviewed-by @cedric.leninivin  (on nexedi/slapos!31)

  The final file were not a valid json sometimes as some entries '0.0.0.0' or '::' were been ignored
  and an additionalcomman was added on the wrong place.

Both SPDY an gzip_static are needed for upcoming GitLab SR:

  - GitLab uses SPDY in its https nginx configuration, and
  - prepares compiled assets in pre-gzipped form on filesystem

both modules are off by default and need to be explicitly enabled with
corresponding directives, so this should not affect already used nginx
configurations.

/cc @kazuhiko, @jerome, @gabriel
/reviewed-by @rafael  (on !30)

Those customization do not work anymore and it is preventing tests to run,
 so it should be reintroduced later in a way it works.

For upcoming GitLab SR we need Go[1] language support, because one
GitLab service is written in this language:

    https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-workhorse

Here we provide golang component, and helloweb-go service integrated
into helloworld SR.

The patches are based on recent helloworld & helloweb restructuring (see !23).

/reviewed-by @jerome  (on !24)
/cc @kazuhiko, @rafael, @alain.takoudjou, @gabriel, @Camata

[1] http://golang.org

For upcoming GitLab SR we need Ruby support.

We have minimal Ruby support in the form of Ruby component and
`rubygemsrecipe` recipe to install gems. However a lot of top-level
software/services in Ruby world is not released as gem and have to be
installed / worked with via Bundler[1], and for this way we do not have
an example.

Let's add such example in the form of extending helloworld SR to also
say hello to the web in both Python and Ruby via simple Ruby program
which is deployed via Bundler.

For this to happen, we need to make some preparatory changes first:

- move helloweb program(s) to own repository[2].
- modernize instance code and convert it to jinja2 to allow control structures.
- prepare instance infrastructure to support several helloweb program kinds.

and only then show how to do Ruby stuff via Bundler.

To me the effect of `software/helloworld` refactoring is good even without
Ruby part, just to improve reference material about showing how to do.

/generally-reviewed-by @jerome, @vpelletier  (on !23)
/cc @kazuhiko, @rafael, @alain.takoudjou, @cedric.leninivin

[1] http://bundler.io
[2] http://lab.nexedi.com/nexedi/helloweb

 Dump on filesytem the ipv4 used to the node create connections

It is well known that UNIX sockets are faster than TCP over loopback.

E.g. on my machine according to lmbench[1] they have ~ 2 times
lower latency and ~ 2-3 times more throughput compared to TCP over
loopback:

    *Local* Communication latencies in microseconds - smaller is better
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    Host                 OS 2p/0K  Pipe AF     UDP  RPC/   TCP  RPC/ TCP
                            ctxsw       UNIX         UDP         TCP conn
    --------- ------------- ----- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
    teco      Linux 4.2.0-1  13.8  29.2 26.8  45.0  47.9  48.5  55.5  45.

    *Local* Communication bandwidths in MB/s - bigger is better
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Host                OS  Pipe AF    TCP  File   Mmap  Bcopy  Bcopy  Mem   Mem
                                 UNIX      reread reread (libc) (hand) read write
    --------- ------------- ---- ---- ---- ------ ------ ------ ------ ---- -----
    teco      Linux 4.2.0-1 1084 4353 1493 2329.1 3720.7 1613.8 1109.2 3402 1404.

The same ratio holds for our std shuttle servers.

API to work with unix sockets is essentially the same as with TCP/UDP.
Because of that it is easy to support both TCP and UNIX socket in one
software, and this way a lot of software support unix sockets out of the
box, including Redis.

Because of lower latencies and higher throughput, for performance
reasons, it makes sense to interconnect services on one machine via unix
sockets and talk via TCP only to outside world.

Here we add support for unix sockets to Redis recipe.

[1] http://www.bitmover.com/lmbench/

/reviewed-by @kazuhiko  (on !27)
/cc @alain.takoudjou, @jerome, @vpelletier

Because redis.Redis(...) ctor creates connection pool on initialization
and we can rely on it.

Another reason: Redis ctor (in form of StrictRedis.__init__()) has logic
how to process arguments and does selecting - either it is TCP (`host` and
`port` args), or UNIX socket (`unix_socket_path` arg):

    https://lab.nexedi.com/nexedi/slapos/blob/95dbb5b2/slapos/recipe/redis/MyRedis2410.py#L560

Since we are going to introduce unix socket support to redis recipe in
the next patch, and don't want to duplicate StrictRedis.__init__() logic
in promise code, let's refactor promise to delegate argument processing
logic to Redis.

/reviewed-by @kazuhiko  (on !27)
/cc @alain.takoudjou

- update Redis software to latest upstream in 2.8.* series (which now
  supports IPv6 out of the box);

- update Redis instance template to the one from 2.8.23 and re-merge our
  templating changes to it (file/dir locations, port and binding, master
  password).

  The whole diff to pristine 2.8.23 redis conf is now this:

  diff --git a/.../redis-2.8.23/redis.conf b/slapos/recipe/redis/template/redis.conf.in
  index 870959f..2895539 100644
  --- a/.../redis-2.8.23/redis.conf
  +++ b/slapos/recipe/redis/template/redis.conf.in
  @@ -46 +46 @@ daemonize no
  -pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
  +pidfile %(pid_file)s
  @@ -50 +50 @@ pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
  -port 6379
  +port %(port)s
  @@ -69,0 +70 @@ tcp-backlog 511
  +bind %(ipv6)s
  @@ -108 +109 @@ loglevel notice
  -logfile ""
  +logfile %(log_file)s
  @@ -174 +175 @@ rdbcompression yes
  -# hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
  +# hit to pay (around 10%%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
  @@ -192 +193 @@ dbfilename dump.rdb
  -dir ./
  +dir %(server_dir)s
  @@ -217 +218 @@ dir ./
  -# masterauth <master-password>
  +%(master_passwd)s

NOTE There are test failures for almost all Redis versions when machine
have not small amount of CPUs:

    https://github.com/antirez/redis/issues/2715#issuecomment-151608948

Because the failure is in replication test, and so far we do not use
replication, and there is no feedback from upstream author to handle
this (for 7 days for my detailed report, and for ~ 3 months for this
issue in general), we can just disable replication test as a temporary
solution.  ( to handle remote patches with md5 hash easily the building
recipe is changed to slapos.recipe.cmmi )

NOTE Redis updated to 2.8 version because GitLab uses this series.
If/when we need more recent one we can add [redis30] in addition to
[redis28].

/reviewed-by @kazuhiko  (on !27 and on !26)
/cc @alain.takoudjou, @jerome

Ruby 2.1.7 contain security and other bugfixes:

    https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2015/08/18/ruby-2-1-7-released/

/reviewed-by @kazuhiko  (on nexedi/slapos!28)

We added support for Go in the previous patch. Let's now illustrate how
to use the toolchain and build simple service based on it.

/cc @gabriel, @Camata

Add support for Go language in the form of providing component for Go
toolchain and stdlib.

Current Go stable series is 1.5.* but to bootstrap it one need to have
Go 1.4.* available, which itself needs C compiler to bootstrap.

We need Go support for upcoming GitLab SR, where one server is written
in this language:

    https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-workhorse

/cc @gabriel, @Camata

To illustrate how to build Ruby software, let's add helloweb-ruby
component and integrate it into helloworld SR as a service.

helloweb-ruby installation is a bit tricky, because we do not have it
initially as a released gem, and have to build it with Bundler by hand.

Changes for integration into helloworld services infrastructure are
small, thanks for the "kind" rework we did in previous patch.

/cc @kazuhiko

Prepare to have several helloweb programs each written in its own
language, and installed into bin/ as helloworld-<language> and exposed
as separate service to the web on its own port.

For component/helloweb we just rename installed script and section.

For software/helloworld we split helloweb & helloweb-promise section
into base and generate requested helloweb-<kinds> & friends via jinja2
programming; the same for exposing url for each kind.

So far it is only preparatory changes for new kinds - i.e. instance code
now supports it, but the only kind so far is still python.

/cc @jerome

Jinja2 is currently the preferred way to do instance templating, because
it has control structures.

We'll need control structures in the following patches, but even without
it, it is better to show "how to" do instances the preferred way.

/cc @jerome

This

- better illustrates what components do (provide building recipes for
  programs) and what software do (gather components and provide recipes
  for instances).

- illustrates how to build the software properly - usually we build
  eggs or scripts with zc.recipe.egg:* , not generate python programs via
  jinja2 templating. Because when installing via egg, it is possible to
  import other installed eggs relatively straghtforward, and for jinja2
  way it is hard to do.

The helloweb program itself is moved into newly introduced helloweb.git
repository and, as almost all other software, becomes separate from
slapos.git .

/cc @jerome