Adding tests for "sharing declarations" part 1

Repair accidentally broken support for comparing non-trivial objects (e.g. NumPy arrays) to integer constants.
Closes #2444.

Added support for C++11's <forward_list>.

Added a note on the compilation with numpy to avoid confusion.

Added tests for "language basics" part 2

Removed some text duplication and redicted for pyximport.

Removed an outdated makefile.

Added missing header for a table in the docs.

Removed outdated "Special Methods Table" and put a link to the most recent version.

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 7

Added tests for "Extension types" part 4

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 3

Removed mention of a version so old that nobody should be concerned.

Adding tests for "pure python mode" part 12

Added tests to "Interfacing with external C code" part 2

Added tests to "profiling tutorial" part 6

Adding tests for "sharing declarations" part 2

Added tests for "language basics" part 6

Added tests for "language basics" part 4

Added tests for "language basics" part 3

Added tests for "Using C++ in Cython" part 6

Made the example more robust and also added a note for sharing entension types as this is non-trivial.

Added tests for "language basics" part 7

Added tests for "language basics" part 8

Small mention in the docs about bytes strings conversion.

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 6

Added an example of using python strings with const memoryviews.

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 5

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 4

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 2

Added tests for "typed memoryviews" part 1

fixes #2422

Fixed minor formatting issue in some of the examples.