The newly added functions create a copy of their input with all bytes in
invalid UTF-8 byte sequences mapped to the UTF-8 byte sequence
given as replacement parameter.

Fixes #25805

Change-Id: Iaf65f65b40c0581c6bb000f1590408d6628321d0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/142003
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>