Telling whether a string is a valid Go identifier can seem like an easy
task, but it's easy to forget about the edge cases. For example, some
implementations out there forget that an empty string or keywords like
"func" aren't valid identifiers.

Add a simple implementation with proper Unicode support, and start using
it in cmd/cover and cmd/doc. Other pieces of the standard library
reimplement part of this logic, but don't use a "func(string) bool"
signature, so we're leaving them untouched for now.

Add some tests too, to ensure that we actually got these edge cases
correctly.

Since telling whether a string is a valid identifier requires knowing
that it's not a valid keyword, add IsKeyword too. The internal map was
already accessible via Lookup, but "Lookup(str) != IDENT" isn't as easy
to understand as IsKeyword(str). And, as per Josh's suggestion, we could
have IsKeyword (and probably Lookup too) use a perfect hash function
instead of a global map.

Finally, for consistency with these new functions, add IsExported. That
makes go/ast.IsExported a bit redundant, so perhaps it can be deprecated
in favor of go/token.IsExported in the future. Clarify that
token.IsExported doesn't imply token.IsIdentifier, to avoid ambiguity.

Fixes #30064.

Change-Id: I0e0e49215fd7e47b603ebc2b5a44086c51ba57f7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/169018
Run-TryBot: Daniel Martí <mvdan@mvdan.cc>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>