Third change of several to update the loader API to reflect the final
consensus version of the loader API as described in Cherry's doc.
This piece:

   - move objfile.Loader into its own separate package, and update
     clients accordingly.

This includes a few minor cleanups, including converting a couple
of loader-related functions to methods, and privatizing some of the
loader methods such as ToGlobal/ToLocal.

Change-Id: Iae20585751a45491d8b19dcffc096aadae6bbfc6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/200998
Run-TryBot: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeremy Faller <jeremy@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>