Lack of logging hinders debugging. Like many other go commands,
let's allow users to inspect what is going on underneath.

Example:

$ GO111MODULE=on GOPROXY=direct GOPATH=`mktemp -d` go mod download -x golang.org/x/tools/gopls@latest
mkdir -p /var/folders/bw/6r6k9d113sv1_vvzk_1kfxbm001py5/T/tmp.ykhTiXaS/pkg/mod/cache/vcs # git3 https://go.googlesource.com/tools
...

Update #35849

Change-Id: I5577e683ae3c0145b11822df255b210ad9f60c87
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/208558
Run-TryBot: Hyang-Ah Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>