net/http: re-simplify HTTP/1.x status line writing

It used to be simple, and then it got complicated for speed (to reduce
allocations, mostly), but that involved a mutex and hurt multi-core
performance, contending on the mutex.

A change was sent to try to improve that mutex contention in
https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/42110/2/src/net/http/server.go
but that introduced its own allocations (the string->interface{}
boxing for the sync.Map key), which runs counter to the whole point of
that statusLine function: to remove allocations.

Instead, make the code simple again and not have a mutex. It's a bit
slower for the single-core case, but nobody with a single-user HTTP
server cares about 50 nanoseconds:

name                  old time/op    new time/op    delta
ResponseStatusLine      37.5ns ± 2%    87.1ns ± 2%  +132.42%          (p=0.029 n=4+4)
ResponseStatusLine-2    63.1ns ± 1%    43.1ns ±12%   -31.67%          (p=0.029 n=4+4)
ResponseStatusLine-4    53.8ns ± 8%    40.2ns ± 2%   -25.29%          (p=0.029 n=4+4)

name                  old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
ResponseStatusLine      0.00B ±NaN%    0.00B ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)
ResponseStatusLine-2    0.00B ±NaN%    0.00B ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)
ResponseStatusLine-4    0.00B ±NaN%    0.00B ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)

name                  old allocs/op  new allocs/op  delta
ResponseStatusLine       0.00 ±NaN%     0.00 ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)
ResponseStatusLine-2     0.00 ±NaN%     0.00 ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)
ResponseStatusLine-4     0.00 ±NaN%     0.00 ±NaN%      ~     (all samples are equal)

(Note the code could be even simpler with fmt.Fprintf, but that is
 relatively slow and involves a bunch of allocations getting arguments
 into interface{} for the call)

Change-Id: I1fa119132dbbf97a8e7204ce3e0707d433060da2
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/42133
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com>

src/net/http/export_test.go

@@ -17,17 +17,19 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	DefaultUserAgent             = defaultUserAgent
-	NewLoggingConn               = newLoggingConn
-	ExportAppendTime             = appendTime
-	ExportRefererForURL          = refererForURL
-	ExportServerNewConn          = (*Server).newConn
-	ExportCloseWriteAndWait      = (*conn).closeWriteAndWait
-	ExportErrRequestCanceled     = errRequestCanceled
-	ExportErrRequestCanceledConn = errRequestCanceledConn
-	ExportServeFile              = serveFile
-	ExportScanETag               = scanETag
-	ExportHttp2ConfigureServer   = http2ConfigureServer
+	DefaultUserAgent                  = defaultUserAgent
+	NewLoggingConn                    = newLoggingConn
+	ExportAppendTime                  = appendTime
+	ExportRefererForURL               = refererForURL
+	ExportServerNewConn               = (*Server).newConn
+	ExportCloseWriteAndWait           = (*conn).closeWriteAndWait
+	ExportErrRequestCanceled          = errRequestCanceled
+	ExportErrRequestCanceledConn      = errRequestCanceledConn
+	ExportServeFile                   = serveFile
+	ExportScanETag                    = scanETag
+	ExportHttp2ConfigureServer        = http2ConfigureServer
+	Export_shouldCopyHeaderOnRedirect = shouldCopyHeaderOnRedirect
+	Export_writeStatusLine            = writeStatusLine
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -188,8 +190,6 @@ func ExportHttp2ConfigureTransport(t *Transport) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var Export_shouldCopyHeaderOnRedirect = shouldCopyHeaderOnRedirect
-
 func (s *Server) ExportAllConnsIdle() bool {
 	s.mu.Lock()
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()

src/net/http/serve_test.go

@@ -5539,3 +5539,14 @@ func TestServerValidatesMethod(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func BenchmarkResponseStatusLine(b *testing.B) {
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		bw := bufio.NewWriter(ioutil.Discard)
+		var buf3 [3]byte
+		for pb.Next() {
+			Export_writeStatusLine(bw, true, 200, buf3[:])
+		}
+	})
+}

src/net/http/server.go

@@ -439,9 +439,10 @@ type response struct {
 
 	handlerDone atomicBool // set true when the handler exits
 
-	// Buffers for Date and Content-Length
-	dateBuf [len(TimeFormat)]byte
-	clenBuf [10]byte
+	// Buffers for Date, Content-Length, and status code
+	dateBuf   [len(TimeFormat)]byte
+	clenBuf   [10]byte
+	statusBuf [3]byte
 
 	// closeNotifyCh is the channel returned by CloseNotify.
 	// TODO(bradfitz): this is currently (for Go 1.8) always
@@ -1379,7 +1380,7 @@ func (cw *chunkWriter) writeHeader(p []byte) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	w.conn.bufw.WriteString(statusLine(w.req, code))
+	writeStatusLine(w.conn.bufw, w.req.ProtoAtLeast(1, 1), code, w.statusBuf[:])
 	cw.header.WriteSubset(w.conn.bufw, excludeHeader)
 	setHeader.Write(w.conn.bufw)
 	w.conn.bufw.Write(crlf)
@@ -1403,49 +1404,25 @@ func foreachHeaderElement(v string, fn func(string)) {
 	}
 }
 
-// statusLines is a cache of Status-Line strings, keyed by code (for
-// HTTP/1.1) or negative code (for HTTP/1.0). This is faster than a
-// map keyed by struct of two fields. This map's max size is bounded
-// by 2*len(statusText), two protocol types for each known official
-// status code in the statusText map.
-var (
-	statusMu    sync.RWMutex
-	statusLines = make(map[int]string)
-)
-
-// statusLine returns a response Status-Line (RFC 2616 Section 6.1)
-// for the given request and response status code.
-func statusLine(req *Request, code int) string {
-	// Fast path:
-	key := code
-	proto11 := req.ProtoAtLeast(1, 1)
-	if !proto11 {
-		key = -key
-	}
-	statusMu.RLock()
-	line, ok := statusLines[key]
-	statusMu.RUnlock()
-	if ok {
-		return line
-	}
-
-	// Slow path:
-	proto := "HTTP/1.0"
-	if proto11 {
-		proto = "HTTP/1.1"
-	}
-	codestring := fmt.Sprintf("%03d", code)
-	text, ok := statusText[code]
-	if !ok {
-		text = "status code " + codestring
+// writeStatusLine writes an HTTP/1.x Status-Line (RFC 2616 Section 6.1)
+// to bw. is11 is whether the HTTP request is HTTP/1.1. false means HTTP/1.0.
+// code is the response status code.
+// scratch is an optional scratch buffer. If it has at least capacity 3, it's used.
+func writeStatusLine(bw *bufio.Writer, is11 bool, code int, scratch []byte) {
+	if is11 {
+		bw.WriteString("HTTP/1.1 ")
+	} else {
+		bw.WriteString("HTTP/1.0 ")
 	}
-	line = proto + " " + codestring + " " + text + "\r\n"
-	if ok {
-		statusMu.Lock()
-		defer statusMu.Unlock()
-		statusLines[key] = line
+	if text, ok := statusText[code]; ok {
+		bw.Write(strconv.AppendInt(scratch[:0], int64(code), 10))
+		bw.WriteByte(' ')
+		bw.WriteString(text)
+		bw.WriteString("\r\n")
+	} else {
+		// don't worry about performance
+		fmt.Fprintf(bw, "%03d status code %d\r\n", code, code)
 	}
-	return line
 }
 
 // bodyAllowed reports whether a Write is allowed for this response type.