test: improve test coverage for heap sampling

Update the test in test/heapsampling.go to more thoroughly validate heap sampling.
Lower the sampling rate on the test to ensure allocations both smaller and
larger than the sampling rate are tested.

Tighten up the validation check to a 10% difference between the unsampled and correct value.
Because of the nature of random sampling, it is possible that the unsampled value fluctuates
over that range. To avoid flakes, run the experiment three times and only report an issue if the
same location consistently falls out of range on all experiments.

This tests the sampling fix in cl/158337.

Change-Id: I54a709e5c75827b8b1c2d87cdfb425ab09759677
GitHub-Last-Rev: 7c04f126034f9e323efc220c896d75e7984ffd39
GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#26944
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/129117
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>