cmd/gc: pad structs which end in zero-sized fields

For a non-zero-sized struct with a final zero-sized field,
add a byte to the size (before rounding to alignment).  This
change ensures that taking the address of the zero-sized field
will not incorrectly leak the following object in memory.

reflect.funcLayout also needs this treatment.

Fixes #9401

Change-Id: I1dc503dc5af4ca22c8f8c048fb7b4541cc957e0f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/2452Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

src/cmd/gc/align.c

@@ -48,10 +48,13 @@ widstruct(Type *errtype, Type *t, vlong o, int flag)
 	Type *f;
 	int64 w;
 	int32 maxalign;
+	vlong starto, lastzero;
 	
+	starto = o;
 	maxalign = flag;
 	if(maxalign < 1)
 		maxalign = 1;
+	lastzero = 0;
 	for(f=t->type; f!=T; f=f->down) {
 		if(f->etype != TFIELD)
 			fatal("widstruct: not TFIELD: %lT", f);
@@ -80,22 +83,28 @@ widstruct(Type *errtype, Type *t, vlong o, int flag)
 			} else
 				f->nname->xoffset = o;
 		}
+		if(w == 0)
+			lastzero = o;
 		o += w;
 		if(o >= MAXWIDTH) {
 			yyerror("type %lT too large", errtype);
 			o = 8;  // small but nonzero
 		}
 	}
+	// For nonzero-sized structs which end in a zero-sized thing, we add
+	// an extra byte of padding to the type.  This padding ensures that
+	// taking the address of the zero-sized thing can't manufacture a
+	// pointer to the next object in the heap.  See issue 9401.
+	if(flag == 1 && o > starto && o == lastzero)
+		o++;
+
 	// final width is rounded
 	if(flag)
 		o = rnd(o, maxalign);
 	t->align = maxalign;
 
 	// type width only includes back to first field's offset
-	if(t->type == T)
-		t->width = 0;
-	else
-		t->width = o - t->type->width;
+	t->width = o - starto;
 	return o;
 }
 

src/reflect/type.go

@@ -1527,9 +1527,10 @@ func isReflexive(t *rtype) bool {
 
 // gcProg is a helper type for generatation of GC pointer info.
 type gcProg struct {
-	gc     []byte
-	size   uintptr // size of type in bytes
-	hasPtr bool
+	gc       []byte
+	size     uintptr // size of type in bytes
+	hasPtr   bool
+	lastZero uintptr // largest offset of a zero-byte field
 }
 
 func (gc *gcProg) append(v byte) {
@@ -1542,6 +1543,9 @@ func (gc *gcProg) appendProg(t *rtype) {
 	gc.align(uintptr(t.align))
 	if !t.pointers() {
 		gc.size += t.size
+		if t.size == 0 {
+			gc.lastZero = gc.size
+		}
 		return
 	}
 	switch t.Kind() {
@@ -1566,11 +1570,15 @@ func (gc *gcProg) appendProg(t *rtype) {
 		gc.appendWord(bitsPointer)
 		gc.appendWord(bitsPointer)
 	case Struct:
+		oldsize := gc.size
 		c := t.NumField()
 		for i := 0; i < c; i++ {
 			gc.appendProg(t.Field(i).Type.common())
 		}
-		gc.align(uintptr(t.align))
+		if gc.size > oldsize + t.size {
+			panic("reflect: struct components are larger than the struct itself")
+		}
+		gc.size = oldsize + t.size
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1595,6 +1603,9 @@ func (gc *gcProg) finalize() (unsafe.Pointer, bool) {
 	if gc.size == 0 {
 		return nil, false
 	}
+	if gc.lastZero == gc.size {
+		gc.size++
+	}
 	ptrsize := unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0))
 	gc.align(ptrsize)
 	nptr := gc.size / ptrsize

src/runtime/runtime_test.go

@@ -247,3 +247,44 @@ func TestEqString(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestTrailingZero(t *testing.T) {
+	// make sure we add padding for structs with trailing zero-sized fields
+	type T1 struct {
+		n int32
+		z [0]byte
+	}
+	if unsafe.Sizeof(T1{}) != 8 {
+		t.Errorf("sizeof(%#v)==%d, want 8", T1{}, unsafe.Sizeof(T1{}))
+	}
+	type T2 struct {
+		n int64
+		z struct{}
+	}
+	if unsafe.Sizeof(T2{}) != 16 {
+		t.Errorf("sizeof(%#v)==%d, want 16", T2{}, unsafe.Sizeof(T2{}))
+	}
+	type T3 struct {
+		n byte
+		z [4]struct{}
+	}
+	if unsafe.Sizeof(T3{}) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("sizeof(%#v)==%d, want 2", T3{}, unsafe.Sizeof(T3{}))
+	}
+	// make sure padding can double for both zerosize and alignment
+	type T4 struct {
+		a int32
+		b int16
+		c int8
+		z struct{}
+	}
+	if unsafe.Sizeof(T4{}) != 8 {
+		t.Errorf("sizeof(%#v)==%d, want 8", T4{}, unsafe.Sizeof(T4{}))
+	}
+	// make sure we don't pad a zero-sized thing
+	type T5 struct {
+	}
+	if unsafe.Sizeof(T5{}) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("sizeof(%#v)==%d, want 0", T5{}, unsafe.Sizeof(T5{}))
+	}
+}