net/url: don't escape sub-delims in fragment

According to RFC-3986, the sub-delims chars should not be escaped in
fragment.
So this change fixes current behavior a bit.

Fixes #19917

Change-Id: I1a8deb93255d979532f75bae183c3fb53a05d395
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/61650Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>

src/net/url/url.go

@@ -158,6 +158,19 @@ func shouldEscape(c byte, mode encoding) bool {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if mode == encodeFragment {
+		// RFC 3986 §2.2 allows not escaping sub-delims. A subset of sub-delims are
+		// included in reserved from RFC 2396 §2.2. The remaining sub-delims do not
+		// need to be escaped. To minimize potential breakage, we apply two restrictions:
+		// (1) we always escape sub-delims outside of the fragment, and (2) we always
+		// escape single quote to avoid breaking callers that had previously assumed that
+		// single quotes would be escaped. See issue #19917.
+		switch c {
+		case '!', '(', ')', '*':
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Everything else must be escaped.
 	return true
 }

src/net/url/url_test.go

@@ -1075,6 +1075,7 @@ var resolveReferenceTests = []struct {
 
 	// Fragment
 	{"http://foo.com/bar", ".#frag", "http://foo.com/#frag"},
+	{"http://example.org/", "#!$&%27()*+,;=", "http://example.org/#!$&%27()*+,;="},
 
 	// Paths with escaping (issue 16947).
 	{"http://foo.com/foo%2fbar/", "../baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},