runtime: fix unrecovered panic on external thread

Fixes #8588.

LGTM=austin
R=austin
CC=golang-codereviews, khr
https://golang.org/cl/159700044

src/runtime/asm_386.s

@@ -732,6 +732,20 @@ needm:
 	MOVL	g(CX), BP
 	MOVL	g_m(BP), BP
 
+	// Set m->sched.sp = SP, so that if a panic happens
+	// during the function we are about to execute, it will
+	// have a valid SP to run on the g0 stack.
+	// The next few lines (after the havem label)
+	// will save this SP onto the stack and then write
+	// the same SP back to m->sched.sp. That seems redundant,
+	// but if an unrecovered panic happens, unwindm will
+	// restore the g->sched.sp from the stack location
+	// and then onM will try to use it. If we don't set it here,
+	// that restored SP will be uninitialized (typically 0) and
+	// will not be usable.
+	MOVL	m_g0(BP), SI
+	MOVL	SP, (g_sched+gobuf_sp)(SI)
+
 havem:
 	// Now there's a valid m, and we're running on its m->g0.
 	// Save current m->g0->sched.sp on stack and then set it to SP.

src/runtime/asm_amd64.s

@@ -717,6 +717,20 @@ needm:
 	get_tls(CX)
 	MOVQ	g(CX), BP
 	MOVQ	g_m(BP), BP
+	
+	// Set m->sched.sp = SP, so that if a panic happens
+	// during the function we are about to execute, it will
+	// have a valid SP to run on the g0 stack.
+	// The next few lines (after the havem label)
+	// will save this SP onto the stack and then write
+	// the same SP back to m->sched.sp. That seems redundant,
+	// but if an unrecovered panic happens, unwindm will
+	// restore the g->sched.sp from the stack location
+	// and then onM will try to use it. If we don't set it here,
+	// that restored SP will be uninitialized (typically 0) and
+	// will not be usable.
+	MOVQ	m_g0(BP), SI
+	MOVQ	SP, (g_sched+gobuf_sp)(SI)
 
 havem:
 	// Now there's a valid m, and we're running on its m->g0.

src/runtime/asm_arm.s

@@ -556,6 +556,21 @@ TEXT	·cgocallback_gofunc(SB),NOSPLIT,$8-12
 	MOVW	$runtime·needm(SB), R0
 	BL	(R0)
 
+	// Set m->sched.sp = SP, so that if a panic happens
+	// during the function we are about to execute, it will
+	// have a valid SP to run on the g0 stack.
+	// The next few lines (after the havem label)
+	// will save this SP onto the stack and then write
+	// the same SP back to m->sched.sp. That seems redundant,
+	// but if an unrecovered panic happens, unwindm will
+	// restore the g->sched.sp from the stack location
+	// and then onM will try to use it. If we don't set it here,
+	// that restored SP will be uninitialized (typically 0) and
+	// will not be usable.
+	MOVW	g_m(g), R8
+	MOVW	m_g0(R8), R3
+	MOVW	R13, (g_sched+gobuf_sp)(R3)
+
 havem:
 	MOVW	g_m(g), R8
 	MOVW	R8, savedm-4(SP)

src/runtime/crash_cgo_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package runtime_test
 
 import (
 	"runtime"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -34,6 +35,14 @@ func TestCgoTraceback(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCgoExternalThreadPanic(t *testing.T) {
+	got := executeTest(t, cgoExternalThreadPanicSource, nil, "main.c", cgoExternalThreadPanicC)
+	want := "panic: BOOM"
+	if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("want failure containing %q. output:\n%s\n", want, got)
+	}
+}
+
 const cgoSignalDeadlockSource = `
 package main
 
@@ -117,3 +126,43 @@ func main() {
 	fmt.Printf("OK\n")
 }
 `
+
+const cgoExternalThreadPanicSource = `
+package main
+
+// void start(void);
+import "C"
+
+func main() {
+	C.start()
+	select {}
+}
+
+//export gopanic
+func gopanic() {
+	panic("BOOM")
+}
+`
+
+const cgoExternalThreadPanicC = `
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+void gopanic(void);
+
+static void*
+die(void* x)
+{
+	gopanic();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+start(void)
+{
+	pthread_t t;
+	if(pthread_create(&t, 0, die, 0) != 0)
+		printf("pthread_create failed\n");
+}
+`

src/runtime/crash_test.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func testEnv(cmd *exec.Cmd) *exec.Cmd {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func executeTest(t *testing.T, templ string, data interface{}) string {
+func executeTest(t *testing.T, templ string, data interface{}, extra ...string) string {
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "android", "nacl":
 		t.Skipf("skipping on %s", runtime.GOOS)
@@ -61,7 +61,20 @@ func executeTest(t *testing.T, templ string, data interface{}) string {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close file: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	got, _ := testEnv(exec.Command("go", "run", src)).CombinedOutput()
+	for i := 0; i < len(extra); i += 2 {
+		if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, extra[i]), []byte(extra[i+1]), 0666); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	cmd := exec.Command("go", "build", "-o", "a.exe")
+	cmd.Dir = dir
+	out, err := testEnv(cmd).CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("building source: %v\n%s", err, out)
+	}
+
+	got, _ := testEnv(exec.Command(filepath.Join(dir, "a.exe"))).CombinedOutput()
 	return string(got)
 }