Also: minor performance fix for large precision results.

benchmark                                   old ns/op    new ns/op    delta
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatDecimal         2734         2734   +0.00%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloat                3141         3139   -0.06%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatExp             8970         8989   +0.21%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatBig             3228         3208   -0.62%

Fixes #2535.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5435089

No content yet other than titles and an introductory paragraph.
Once this is in, content can arise as separate manageable CLs.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5435090

This allows printing meaningful expressions in error messages
instead of evaluated constants.
Fixes #2276.

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev, remy
https://golang.org/cl/5432082

R=bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5451112

Fixes #2538.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5449114

R=iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5450125

Benchmarks are from GOARCH=amd64 on a MacPro5,1.

benchmark                                    old MB/s     new MB/s  speedup
bytes_test.BenchmarkEqual32                    452.89       891.07    1.97x
bytes_test.BenchmarkEqual4K                    852.71      1700.44    1.99x
bytes_test.BenchmarkEqual4M                    841.53      1587.93    1.89x
bytes_test.BenchmarkEqual64M                   838.22      1578.14    1.88x

bytes_test.BenchmarkIndex32                     58.02        48.99    0.84x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndex4K                     48.26        41.32    0.86x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndex4M                     48.20        41.24    0.86x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndex64M                    48.08        41.21    0.86x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndexEasy32                410.04       546.82    1.33x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndexEasy4K                849.26     14257.37   16.79x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndexEasy4M                854.54     17222.15   20.15x
bytes_test.BenchmarkIndexEasy64M               843.57     11060.40   13.11x

bytes_test.BenchmarkCount32                     57.24        50.68    0.89x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCount4K                     48.19        41.82    0.87x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCount4M                     48.18        41.74    0.87x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCount64M                    48.17        41.71    0.87x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCountEasy32                433.11       547.44    1.26x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCountEasy4K               1130.59     14194.06   12.55x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCountEasy4M               1131.23     17231.18   15.23x
bytes_test.BenchmarkCountEasy64M              1111.40     11068.88    9.96x

The non-easy Count/Index benchmarks are a worst case input.

regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32                  237.46       221.47    0.93x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy0_1K                  553.53      1019.72    1.84x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32K                 693.99      1672.06    2.41x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy0_1M                  688.72      1611.68    2.34x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32M                 680.70      1565.05    2.30x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32                  165.56       243.08    1.47x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy1_1K                  336.45       496.32    1.48x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32K                 302.80       425.63    1.41x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy1_1M                  300.42       414.20    1.38x
regexp.BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32M                 299.64       413.47    1.38x

R=golang-dev, r, iant
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5451116

Matters most for small inputs, because there is no real work
to amortize the allocation effort against.

benchmark                                old ns/op    new ns/op    delta
BenchmarkLiteral                               613          473  -22.84%
BenchmarkNotLiteral                           4981         4931   -1.00%
BenchmarkMatchClass                           7289         7122   -2.29%
BenchmarkMatchClass_InRange                   6618         6663   +0.68%
BenchmarkReplaceAll                           7843         7233   -7.78%
BenchmarkAnchoredLiteralShortNonMatch          329          228  -30.70%
BenchmarkAnchoredLiteralLongNonMatch           322          228  -29.19%
BenchmarkAnchoredShortMatch                    838          715  -14.68%
BenchmarkAnchoredLongMatch                     824          715  -13.23%

benchmark                                 old MB/s     new MB/s  speedup
BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32                      119.73       196.61    1.64x
BenchmarkMatchEasy0_1K                      540.58       538.33    1.00x
BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32K                     732.57       714.00    0.97x
BenchmarkMatchEasy0_1M                      726.44       708.36    0.98x
BenchmarkMatchEasy0_32M                     707.77       691.45    0.98x
BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32                      102.12       136.11    1.33x
BenchmarkMatchEasy1_1K                      298.31       307.04    1.03x
BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32K                     273.56       274.43    1.00x
BenchmarkMatchEasy1_1M                      268.42       269.23    1.00x
BenchmarkMatchEasy1_32M                     266.15       267.34    1.00x
BenchmarkMatchMedium_32                       2.53         3.38    1.34x
BenchmarkMatchMedium_1K                       9.37         9.57    1.02x
BenchmarkMatchMedium_32K                      9.29         9.67    1.04x
BenchmarkMatchMedium_1M                       9.42         9.66    1.03x
BenchmarkMatchMedium_32M                      9.41         9.62    1.02x
BenchmarkMatchHard_32                         6.66         6.75    1.01x
BenchmarkMatchHard_1K                         6.81         6.85    1.01x
BenchmarkMatchHard_32K                        6.79         6.85    1.01x
BenchmarkMatchHard_1M                         6.82         6.83    1.00x
BenchmarkMatchHard_32M                        6.80         6.80    1.00x

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453076

Fixes #2314.

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5437154

Fixes #2532

R=golang-dev, dr.volker.dobler, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5450115

R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5451121

Max returns +Inf if x or y is +Inf; else it returns NaN if either x or y is NaN. Max(-0, -0) returns -0.
Min returns -Inf if x or y is -Inf; else it returns NaN if either x or y is NaN. Min(+0, -0) returns -0.
Dim(+Inf, +Inf) = NaN, Dim(-Inf, -Inf) = NaN and Dim(NaN, anything) = NaN.
Also, change "conditions" to "cases" for Sin (missed it in previous CL).

R=rsc, dave
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5437137

daysBefore[12+1]: index out of range
time.December and Windows SYSTEMTIME.wMonth
are 12 for December.

R=rsc, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448130

- added AppendFloatX benchmarks
- 2% to 13% better performance
- check for illegal bitSize

benchmark                                   old ns/op    new ns/op    delta
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatDecimal         2993         2733   -8.69%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloat                3384         3141   -7.18%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatExp             9192         9010   -1.98%
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatFloatBig             3279         3207   -2.20%
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendFloatDecimal         2837         2478  -12.65%
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendFloat                3196         2928   -8.39%
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendFloatExp             9028         8773   -2.82%
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendFloatBig             3151         2782  -11.71%

R=rsc, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448122

Output is package_name.BenchmarkXXX.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5440123

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5434068

The -w switch actually prints steps of the syntax tree walks
while -W prints a summary before and after the walk.

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev, remy
https://golang.org/cl/5444049

I added the clientChan's msg channel to the list of channels that are closed in mainloop when the server sends a channelCloseMsg.

I added an ExitError type that wraps a Waitmsg similar to that of os/exec. I fill ExitStatus with the data returned in the 'exit-status' channel message and Msg with the data returned in the 'exit-signal' channel message.

Instead of having Wait() return on the first 'exit-status'/'exit-signal' I have it return an ExitError containing the status and signal when the clientChan's msg channel is closed.

I added two tests cases to session_test.go that test for exit status 0 (in which case Wait() returns nil) and exit status 1 (in which case Wait() returns an ExitError with ExitStatus 1)

R=dave, agl, rsc, golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5452051

Fixes #2437.

R=rsc, hectorchu, mattn.jp, alex.brainman, jdpoirier, snaury, n13m3y3r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5371049

R=bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5450118

R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453072

R=r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5440125

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453070

It was fragile and non-portable, and then became spammy with
the os.EINVAL removal.  Now it just uses the length of the
Peek return value instead.

R=golang-dev, alex.brainman
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453065

The code in hash functions themselves could write directly into the
output buffer for a savings of about 50ns. But it's a little ugly so I
wasted a copy.

R=bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5440111

This CL cleans up the client auth tests, making the
individual test body more manageable.

Also, adds tests for rsa and dsa key negotiation.

Finally, remove the package level use of the variable
strings, which avoids conflicting with the strings pkg.

R=gustav.paul, agl, n13m3y3r, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5447049

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448124

- less code
- slightly better performance (0-4%)

R=r, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448120

This avoids a problem when creating certificates with parents that
were produce by other code: the Go structures don't contain all the
information about the various ASN.1 string types etc and so that
information would otherwise be lost.

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453067

Allow the text template to handle the error case of no template
with the given name.
Simplification suggested by Mike Samuel.

R=mikesamuel
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5437147

mallocs per Sprintf("%x"): 1
mallocs per Sprintf("%g"): 4

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5449106

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448115

(Note that the Int and Uint benchmarks use different test sets
and thus cannot be compared against each other. Int and Uint
conversions are approximately the same speed).

Before (best of 3 runs):
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatInt    100000    15636 ns/op
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendInt    100000    18930 ns/op
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatUint   500000     4392 ns/op
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendUint   500000     5152 ns/op

After (best of 3 runs):

strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatInt    200000    10070 ns/op (-36%)
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendInt    200000     7097 ns/op (-63%)
strconv_test.BenchmarkFormatUint  1000000     2893 ns/op (-34%)
strconv_test.BenchmarkAppendUint   500000     2462 ns/op (-52%)

R=r, rsc, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5449093

Missed when I removed direct map/func equality.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5452052

When I disallowed map + func comparisons, I only did it
in the static case and missed the comparisons via == on
interface values.  Fixing that turned these up.

R=nigeltao, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5440103

This is part one of a small set of CL's that aim to resolve
the outstanding TODOs relating to channel close and blocking
behavior.

Firstly, the hairy handling of assigning the peersId is now
done in one place. The cost of this change is the slightly
paradoxical construction of the partially created clientChan.

Secondly, by creating clientChan.stdin/out/err when the channel
is opened, the creation of consumers like tcpchan and Session
is simplified; they just have to wire themselves up to the
relevant readers/writers.

R=agl, gustav.paul, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5448073

R=golang-dev, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5437142

Fixes #2530.

R=golang-dev, agl
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5449101

This is a slight change to fmt's semantics, but means that if you use
%d to print an integer with a Stringable value, it will print as an integer.
This came up because Time.Month() couldn't cleanly print as an integer
rather than a name. Using %d on Stringables is silly anyway, so there
should be no effect outside the fmt tests.
As a mild bonus, certain recursive failures of String methods
will also be avoided this way.

R=golang-dev, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5453053

Fixes #2466.

R=golang-dev, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/5451094