Fix code to count mallocs - needed to call UpdateMemStats.

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4823055

The RowsPerStrip tag is mandatory according to the spec. However,
Mac OS sometimes (?) omits it. I managed to create such an image
by applying "tiffutil -none" on a compressed image.

If RowsPerStrip is 0, there was a division by zero in the decoder.
Assume that the image is a single strip in this case.

R=nigeltao, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4815061

Fixes #2055.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4816059

Fixes #2086.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4803055

Hurray!
Also fix the mystical U+0345 COMBINING GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI,
so everyone is satisfied.
Also add a -local flag to use local files for faster turnaround
when debugging.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4825054

R=gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4823054

R=golang-dev, gri
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4827045

Also: Fixed an error message in zip.go.

R=r, dsymonds
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4816053

Fixes #991.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4819049

Fixes #1756.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4810057

Fixes #2020.

R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4814056

Fixes #1774.
Fixes #2095.
Fixes #2097.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4826046

Fixes #1662.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4828045

Fixes #1192.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4794062

Fixes #591.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4803054

R=nigeltao
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4825050

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4802061

R=golang-dev, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4809052

R=golang-dev, adg
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4819048

R=bradfitz, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4815062

Fixes #1856.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4810054

Fixes #1393.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4811054

Fixes #1600.

R=ken2
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4819045

Fixes #2078.

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4800052

Undo CL 4254056 now that enough time has elapsed
that people with old trees have all built and removed
those files (which are no longer generated in that location).

Fixes #1581.

R=golang-dev, bradfitz
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4802059

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4809044

We must keep memory used by syscall.WSARecvFrom away from
garbage collector until after overlapped call is completed.

Fixes #2094.

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4817050

R=golang-dev, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4801053

ld/data.c:
. Format specifier with corresponding cast to cater for all
  architectures (llux and vlong).

ld/ldelf.c:
ld/ldmacho.c:
. Missing "pn" argument in diag() calls.

ld/ldpe.c:
. Dropped "sym->sectnum" in diag() call.
. Typo in a comment.

ld/lib.h:
. Added varargck pragma for "O".

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4749042

. By defining getcallerpc(x) as __builtin_return_address(0)
  here, it becomes possible to use the Plan 9 compatible form
  when compiling using GCC.  The alternative is to add conditional
  compilation based on the compiler identity in "cmd/8g/gsubr.c"
  to distinguish between the two cases.

R=golang-dev
CC=golang-dev, rsc
https://golang.org/cl/4800048

. Replaced Posix #includes with u.h and libc.h.
. Replaced fprintf(stderr,...); exit(1); with sysfatal() calls.

R=golang-dev
CC=golang-dev, rsc
https://golang.org/cl/4823047

R=rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4742042

some object files don't has file name symbol.

R=golang-dev, lucio.dere, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4814051

R=golang-dev
CC=alex.brainman, golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4816049

Fixes #2102.

R=fullung, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4825043

R=golang-dev, vcc.163, rsc
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4826042

When rnd is called with a second argument of 1, it simply
returns the first argument anyway.

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4820045

Still need to write tests for new syntax
and fix bugs that the tests find, but this
is a good check point.

All tests pass.

Compared against existing regexp:

benchmark                                old ns/op    new ns/op    delta
regexp.BenchmarkLiteral                       1869          620  -66.83%
regexp.BenchmarkNotLiteral                    9489         7823  -17.56%
regexp.BenchmarkMatchClass                   10372         8386  -19.15%
regexp.BenchmarkMatchClass_InRange           10800         7750  -28.24%
regexp.BenchmarkReplaceAll                   13492         8519  -36.86%
regexp.BenchmarkAnchoredLiteralShortNonMatch   747          339  -54.62%
regexp.BenchmarkAnchoredLiteralLongNonMatch    599          335  -44.07%
regexp.BenchmarkAnchoredShortMatch            2137          917  -57.09%
regexp.BenchmarkAnchoredLongMatch             2029          917  -54.81%

R=r, r
CC=golang-dev, sam.thorogood
https://golang.org/cl/4820046

goinstall: report every newly installed package to the dashboard

This makes "goinstall -a" work on systems with GOROOTs that are
not user-writable, as is the case with Debian's Go packages.

This also makes goinstall.log the canonical list of installed
packages, in that only packages new to goinstall.log are reported to
the dashboard.

A side-effect is that writing to goinstall.log is now mandatory.
(A bug in the original implementation meant this was the case, anyway.)

The principal benefit of this change is that multiple packages from the
same repository can now be reported to the dashboard.  It is also less
likely for a user to report multiple installations of the same package
to the dashboard (they would need to remove the package from
goinstall.log first).

R=rsc, n13m3y3r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4786041

R=golang-dev, r
CC=golang-dev
https://golang.org/cl/4811050