While running xfstests I ran into the following:

[20892.242791] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[20892.243776] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 13299 at fs/btrfs/super.c:260 __btrfs_abort_transaction+0x52/0x114 [btrfs]()
[20892.245874] BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -2)
[20892.247329] Modules linked in: btrfs dm_snapshot dm_bufio dm_flakey dm_mod crc32c_generic xor raid6_pq nfsd auth_rpcgss oid_registry nfs_acl nfs lockd grace fscache sunrpc loop fuse$
[20892.258488] CPU: 0 PID: 13299 Comm: fsstress Tainted: G        W       4.0.0-rc5-btrfs-next-9+ #2
[20892.262011] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.7.5-0-ge51488c-20140602_164612-nilsson.home.kraxel.org 04/01/2014
[20892.264738]  0000000000000009 ffff880427f8bc18 ffffffff8142fa46 ffffffff8108b6a2
[20892.266244]  ffff880427f8bc68 ffff880427f8bc58 ffffffff81045ea5 ffff880427f8bc48
[20892.267761]  ffffffffa0509a6d 00000000fffffffe ffff8803545d6f40 ffffffffa05a15a0
[20892.269378] Call Trace:
[20892.269915]  [<ffffffff8142fa46>] dump_stack+0x4f/0x7b
[20892.271097]  [<ffffffff8108b6a2>] ? console_unlock+0x361/0x3ad
[20892.272173]  [<ffffffff81045ea5>] warn_slowpath_common+0xa1/0xbb
[20892.273386]  [<ffffffffa0509a6d>] ? __btrfs_abort_transaction+0x52/0x114 [btrfs]
[20892.274857]  [<ffffffff81045f05>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x46/0x48
[20892.275851]  [<ffffffffa0509a6d>] __btrfs_abort_transaction+0x52/0x114 [btrfs]
[20892.277341]  [<ffffffffa0515e10>] write_one_cache_group+0x68/0xaf [btrfs]
[20892.278628]  [<ffffffffa052088a>] btrfs_start_dirty_block_groups+0x18d/0x29b [btrfs]
[20892.280191]  [<ffffffffa052f077>] btrfs_commit_transaction+0x130/0x9c9 [btrfs]
[20892.281781]  [<ffffffff8107d33d>] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0xf
[20892.282873]  [<ffffffffa054163b>] btrfs_sync_file+0x313/0x387 [btrfs]
[20892.284111]  [<ffffffff8117acad>] vfs_fsync_range+0x95/0xa4
[20892.285203]  [<ffffffff810e603f>] ? time_hardirqs_on+0x15/0x28
[20892.286290]  [<ffffffff8123960b>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x3a/0x3f
[20892.287469]  [<ffffffff8117acd8>] vfs_fsync+0x1c/0x1e
[20892.288412]  [<ffffffff8117ae54>] do_fsync+0x34/0x4e
[20892.289348]  [<ffffffff8117b07c>] SyS_fsync+0x10/0x14
[20892.290255]  [<ffffffff81435b32>] system_call_fastpath+0x12/0x17
[20892.291316] ---[ end trace 597f77e664245373 ]---
[20892.293955] BTRFS: error (device sdg) in write_one_cache_group:3184: errno=-2 No such entry
[20892.297390] BTRFS info (device sdg): forced readonly

This happens because in btrfs_start_dirty_block_groups() we splice the
transaction's list of dirty block groups into a local list and then we
keep extracting the first element of the list without holding the
cache_write_mutex mutex. This means that before we acquire that mutex
the first block group on the list might be removed by a conurrent task
running btrfs_remove_block_group(). So make sure we extract the first
element (and test the list emptyness) while holding that mutex.

Fixes: 1bbc621e ("Btrfs: allow block group cache writeout
                      outside critical section in commit")
Signed-off-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>