Commit 99db46ea authored by Manfred Spraul's avatar Manfred Spraul Committed by Linus Torvalds

ipc: do cyclic id allocation for the ipc object.

For ipcmni_extend mode, the sequence number space is only 7 bits.  So
the chance of id reuse is relatively high compared with the non-extended
mode.

To alleviate this id reuse problem, this patch enables cyclic allocation
for the index to the radix tree (idx).  The disadvantage is that this
can cause a slight slow-down of the fast path, as the radix tree could
be higher than necessary.

To limit the radix tree height, I have chosen the following limits:
 1) The cycling is done over in_use*1.5.
 2) At least, the cycling is done over
   "normal" ipcnmi mode: RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE elements
   "ipcmni_extended": 4096 elements

Result:
- for normal mode:
	No change for <= 42 active ipc elements. With more than 42
	active ipc elements, a 2nd level would be added to the radix
	tree.
	Without cyclic allocation, a 2nd level would be added only with
	more than 63 active elements.

- for extended mode:
	Cycling creates always at least a 2-level radix tree.
	With more than 2730 active objects, a 3rd level would be
	added, instead of > 4095 active objects until the 3rd level
	is added without cyclic allocation.

For a 2-level radix tree compared to a 1-level radix tree, I have
observed < 1% performance impact.

Notes:
1) Normal "x=semget();y=semget();" is unaffected: Then the idx
  is e.g. a and a+1, regardless if idr_alloc() or idr_alloc_cyclic()
  is used.

2) The -1% happens in a microbenchmark after this situation:
	x=semget();
	for(i=0;i<4000;i++) {t=semget();semctl(t,0,IPC_RMID);}
	y=semget();
	Now perform semget calls on x and y that do not sleep.

3) The worst-case reuse cycle time is unfortunately unaffected:
   If you have 2^24-1 ipc objects allocated, and get/remove the last
   possible element in a loop, then the id is reused after 128
   get/remove pairs.

Performance check:
A microbenchmark that performes no-op semop() randomly on two IDs,
with only these two IDs allocated.
The IDs were set using /proc/sys/kernel/sem_next_id.
The test was run 5 times, averages are shown.

1 & 2: Base (6.22 seconds for 10.000.000 semops)
1 & 40: -0.2%
1 & 3348: - 0.8%
1 & 27348: - 1.6%
1 & 15777204: - 3.2%

Or: ~12.6 cpu cycles per additional radix tree level.
The cpu is an Intel I3-5010U. ~1300 cpu cycles/syscall is slower
than what I remember (spectre impact?).

V2 of the patch:
- use "min" and "max"
- use RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE instead of
	(2<<12).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix max() warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190329204930.21620-3-longman@redhat.comSigned-off-by: default avatarManfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Acked-by: default avatarWaiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: "Luis R. Rodriguez" <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: "Eric W . Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
parent 3278a2c2
......@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ static int one = 1;
static int int_max = INT_MAX;
int ipc_mni = IPCMNI;
int ipc_mni_shift = IPCMNI_SHIFT;
int ipc_min_cycle = RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE;
static struct ctl_table ipc_kern_table[] = {
{
......@@ -252,6 +253,7 @@ static int __init ipc_mni_extend(char *str)
{
ipc_mni = IPCMNI_EXTEND;
ipc_mni_shift = IPCMNI_EXTEND_SHIFT;
ipc_min_cycle = IPCMNI_EXTEND_MIN_CYCLE;
pr_info("IPCMNI extended to %d.\n", ipc_mni);
return 0;
}
......
......@@ -220,9 +220,14 @@ static inline int ipc_idr_alloc(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *new)
*/
if (next_id < 0) { /* !CHECKPOINT_RESTORE or next_id is unset */
int max_idx;
max_idx = max(ids->in_use*3/2, ipc_min_cycle);
max_idx = min(max_idx, ipc_mni);
/* allocate the idx, with a NULL struct kern_ipc_perm */
idx = idr_alloc(&ids->ipcs_idr, NULL, 0, 0, GFP_NOWAIT);
idx = idr_alloc_cyclic(&ids->ipcs_idr, NULL, 0, max_idx,
GFP_NOWAIT);
if (idx >= 0) {
/*
......
......@@ -27,12 +27,14 @@
*/
#define IPCMNI_SHIFT 15
#define IPCMNI_EXTEND_SHIFT 24
#define IPCMNI_EXTEND_MIN_CYCLE (RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE * RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
#define IPCMNI (1 << IPCMNI_SHIFT)
#define IPCMNI_EXTEND (1 << IPCMNI_EXTEND_SHIFT)
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSVIPC_SYSCTL
extern int ipc_mni;
extern int ipc_mni_shift;
extern int ipc_min_cycle;
#define ipcmni_seq_shift() ipc_mni_shift
#define IPCMNI_IDX_MASK ((1 << ipc_mni_shift) - 1)
......@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ extern int ipc_mni_shift;
#else /* CONFIG_SYSVIPC_SYSCTL */
#define ipc_mni IPCMNI
#define ipc_min_cycle ((int)RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE)
#define ipcmni_seq_shift() IPCMNI_SHIFT
#define IPCMNI_IDX_MASK ((1 << IPCMNI_SHIFT) - 1)
#endif /* CONFIG_SYSVIPC_SYSCTL */
......
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