Merge branch 'load-acquire/store-release barriers for'

Björn Töpel says:

====================

This two-patch series introduces load-acquire/store-release barriers
for the AF_XDP rings.

For most contemporary architectures, this is more effective than a
SPSC ring based on smp_{r,w,}mb() barriers. More importantly,
load-acquire/store-release semantics make the ring code easier to
follow.

This is effectively the change done in commit 6c43c091
("documentation: Update circular buffer for
load-acquire/store-release"), but for the AF_XDP rings.

Both libbpf and the kernel-side are updated.

Full details are outlined in the commits!

Thanks to the LKMM-folks (Paul/Alan/Will) for helping me out in this
complicated matter!

Changelog

v1[1]->v2:
* Expanded the commit message for patch 1, and included the LKMM
  litmus tests. Hopefully this clear things up. (Daniel)

* Clarified why the smp_mb()/smp_load_acquire() is not needed in (A);
  control dependency with load to store. (Toke)

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210301104318.263262-1-bjorn.topel@gmail.com/

Thanks,
Björn
====================
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>

net/xdp/xsk_queue.h

@@ -47,19 +47,18 @@ struct xsk_queue {
 	u64 queue_empty_descs;
 };
 
-/* The structure of the shared state of the rings are the same as the
- * ring buffer in kernel/events/ring_buffer.c. For the Rx and completion
- * ring, the kernel is the producer and user space is the consumer. For
- * the Tx and fill rings, the kernel is the consumer and user space is
- * the producer.
+/* The structure of the shared state of the rings are a simple
+ * circular buffer, as outlined in
+ * Documentation/core-api/circular-buffers.rst. For the Rx and
+ * completion ring, the kernel is the producer and user space is the
+ * consumer. For the Tx and fill rings, the kernel is the consumer and
+ * user space is the producer.
  *
  * producer                         consumer
  *
- * if (LOAD ->consumer) {           LOAD ->producer
- *                    (A)           smp_rmb()       (C)
+ * if (LOAD ->consumer) {  (A)      LOAD.acq ->producer  (C)
  *    STORE $data                   LOAD $data
- *    smp_wmb()       (B)           smp_mb()        (D)
- *    STORE ->producer              STORE ->consumer
+ *    STORE.rel ->producer (B)      STORE.rel ->consumer (D)
  * }
  *
  * (A) pairs with (D), and (B) pairs with (C).
@@ -78,7 +77,8 @@ struct xsk_queue {
  *
  * (A) is a control dependency that separates the load of ->consumer
  * from the stores of $data. In case ->consumer indicates there is no
- * room in the buffer to store $data we do not. So no barrier is needed.
+ * room in the buffer to store $data we do not. The dependency will
+ * order both of the stores after the loads. So no barrier is needed.
  *
  * (D) protects the load of the data to be observed to happen after the
  * store of the consumer pointer. If we did not have this memory
@@ -227,15 +227,13 @@ static inline u32 xskq_cons_read_desc_batch(struct xsk_queue *q,
 
 static inline void __xskq_cons_release(struct xsk_queue *q)
 {
-	smp_mb(); /* D, matches A */
-	WRITE_ONCE(q->ring->consumer, q->cached_cons);
+	smp_store_release(&q->ring->consumer, q->cached_cons); /* D, matchees A */
 }
 
 static inline void __xskq_cons_peek(struct xsk_queue *q)
 {
 	/* Refresh the local pointer */
-	q->cached_prod = READ_ONCE(q->ring->producer);
-	smp_rmb(); /* C, matches B */
+	q->cached_prod = smp_load_acquire(&q->ring->producer);  /* C, matches B */
 }
 
 static inline void xskq_cons_get_entries(struct xsk_queue *q)
@@ -397,9 +395,7 @@ static inline int xskq_prod_reserve_desc(struct xsk_queue *q,
 
 static inline void __xskq_prod_submit(struct xsk_queue *q, u32 idx)
 {
-	smp_wmb(); /* B, matches C */
-
-	WRITE_ONCE(q->ring->producer, idx);
+	smp_store_release(&q->ring->producer, idx); /* B, matches C */
 }
 
 static inline void xskq_prod_submit(struct xsk_queue *q)

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_util.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #define __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_UTIL_H
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
+#include <linux/compiler.h>
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
@@ -15,29 +16,56 @@ extern "C" {
  * application that uses libbpf.
  */
 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
-# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_mb() \
-	asm volatile("lock; addl $0,-4(%%rsp)" : : : "memory", "cc")
-/* Hinders stores to be observed before older loads. */
-# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_store_release(p, v)					\
+	do {								\
+		asm volatile("" : : : "memory");			\
+		WRITE_ONCE(*p, v);					\
+	} while (0)
+# define libbpf_smp_load_acquire(p)					\
+	({								\
+		typeof(*p) ___p1 = READ_ONCE(*p);			\
+		asm volatile("" : : : "memory");			\
+		___p1;							\
+	})
 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
-# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("dmb ishld" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("dmb ishst" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_mb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() libbpf_smp_mb()
-#elif defined(__arm__)
-/* These are only valid for armv7 and above */
-# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("dmb ishst" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_mb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
-# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() libbpf_smp_mb()
-#else
-/* Architecture missing native barrier functions. */
-# define libbpf_smp_rmb() __sync_synchronize()
-# define libbpf_smp_wmb() __sync_synchronize()
-# define libbpf_smp_mb() __sync_synchronize()
-# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() __sync_synchronize()
+# define libbpf_smp_store_release(p, v)					\
+		asm volatile ("stlr %w1, %0" : "=Q" (*p) : "r" (v) : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_load_acquire(p)					\
+	({								\
+		typeof(*p) ___p1;					\
+		asm volatile ("ldar %w0, %1"				\
+			      : "=r" (___p1) : "Q" (*p) : "memory");	\
+		__p1;							\
+	})
+#elif defined(__riscv)
+# define libbpf_smp_store_release(p, v)					\
+	do {								\
+		asm volatile ("fence rw,w" : : : "memory");		\
+		WRITE_ONCE(*p, v);					\
+	} while (0)
+# define libbpf_smp_load_acquire(p)					\
+	({								\
+		typeof(*p) ___p1 = READ_ONCE(*p);			\
+		asm volatile ("fence r,rw" : : : "memory");		\
+		___p1;							\
+	})
+#endif
+
+#ifndef libbpf_smp_store_release
+#define libbpf_smp_store_release(p, v)					\
+	do {								\
+		__sync_synchronize();					\
+		WRITE_ONCE(*p, v);					\
+	} while (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef libbpf_smp_load_acquire
+#define libbpf_smp_load_acquire(p)					\
+	({								\
+		typeof(*p) ___p1 = READ_ONCE(*p);			\
+		__sync_synchronize();					\
+		___p1;							\
+	})
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus

tools/lib/bpf/xsk.h

@@ -96,7 +96,8 @@ static inline __u32 xsk_prod_nb_free(struct xsk_ring_prod *r, __u32 nb)
 	 * this function. Without this optimization it whould have been
 	 * free_entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons + r->size.
 	 */
-	r->cached_cons = *r->consumer + r->size;
+	r->cached_cons = libbpf_smp_load_acquire(r->consumer);
+	r->cached_cons += r->size;
 
 	return r->cached_cons - r->cached_prod;
 }
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ static inline __u32 xsk_cons_nb_avail(struct xsk_ring_cons *r, __u32 nb)
 	__u32 entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons;
 
 	if (entries == 0) {
-		r->cached_prod = *r->producer;
+		r->cached_prod = libbpf_smp_load_acquire(r->producer);
 		entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons;
 	}
 
@@ -129,9 +130,7 @@ static inline void xsk_ring_prod__submit(struct xsk_ring_prod *prod, __u32 nb)
 	/* Make sure everything has been written to the ring before indicating
 	 * this to the kernel by writing the producer pointer.
 	 */
-	libbpf_smp_wmb();
-
-	*prod->producer += nb;
+	libbpf_smp_store_release(prod->producer, *prod->producer + nb);
 }
 
 static inline __u32 xsk_ring_cons__peek(struct xsk_ring_cons *cons, __u32 nb, __u32 *idx)
@@ -139,11 +138,6 @@ static inline __u32 xsk_ring_cons__peek(struct xsk_ring_cons *cons, __u32 nb, __
 	__u32 entries = xsk_cons_nb_avail(cons, nb);
 
 	if (entries > 0) {
-		/* Make sure we do not speculatively read the data before
-		 * we have received the packet buffers from the ring.
-		 */
-		libbpf_smp_rmb();
-
 		*idx = cons->cached_cons;
 		cons->cached_cons += entries;
 	}
@@ -161,9 +155,8 @@ static inline void xsk_ring_cons__release(struct xsk_ring_cons *cons, __u32 nb)
 	/* Make sure data has been read before indicating we are done
 	 * with the entries by updating the consumer pointer.
 	 */
-	libbpf_smp_rwmb();
+	libbpf_smp_store_release(cons->consumer, *cons->consumer + nb);
 
-	*cons->consumer += nb;
 }
 
 static inline void *xsk_umem__get_data(void *umem_area, __u64 addr)