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  1. 20 Jul, 2023 22 commits
  3. 19 Jul, 2023 18 commits
    • Jakub Kicinski's avatar
      Merge tag 'for-netdev' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next · e93165d5
      Jakub Kicinski authored 
      Alexei Starovoitov says:

====================
pull-request: bpf-next 2023-07-19

We've added 45 non-merge commits during the last 3 day(s) which contain
a total of 71 files changed, 7808 insertions(+), 592 deletions(-).

The main changes are:

1) multi-buffer support in AF_XDP, from Maciej Fijalkowski,
   Magnus Karlsson, Tirthendu Sarkar.

2) BPF link support for tc BPF programs, from Daniel Borkmann.

3) Enable bpf_map_sum_elem_count kfunc for all program types,
   from Anton Protopopov.

4) Add 'owner' field to bpf_rb_node to fix races in shared ownership,
   Dave Marchevsky.

5) Prevent potential skb_header_pointer() misuse, from Alexei Starovoitov.

* tag 'for-netdev' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next: (45 commits)
  bpf, net: Introduce skb_pointer_if_linear().
  bpf: sync tools/ uapi header with
  selftests/bpf: Add mprog API tests for BPF tcx links
  selftests/bpf: Add mprog API tests for BPF tcx opts
  bpftool: Extend net dump with tcx progs
  libbpf: Add helper macro to clear opts structs
  libbpf: Add link-based API for tcx
  libbpf: Add opts-based attach/detach/query API for tcx
  bpf: Add fd-based tcx multi-prog infra with link support
  bpf: Add generic attach/detach/query API for multi-progs
  selftests/xsk: reset NIC settings to default after running test suite
  selftests/xsk: add test for too many frags
  selftests/xsk: add metadata copy test for multi-buff
  selftests/xsk: add invalid descriptor test for multi-buffer
  selftests/xsk: add unaligned mode test for multi-buffer
  selftests/xsk: add basic multi-buffer test
  selftests/xsk: transmit and receive multi-buffer packets
  xsk: add multi-buffer documentation
  i40e: xsk: add TX multi-buffer support
  ice: xsk: Tx multi-buffer support
  ...
====================

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719175424.75717-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: default avatarJakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
      e93165d5
    • Jakub Kicinski's avatar
      Merge tag 'linux-can-next-for-6.6-20230719' of... · 97083c21
      Jakub Kicinski authored 
      Merge tag 'linux-can-next-for-6.6-20230719' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mkl/linux-can-next

Marc Kleine-Budde says:

====================
pull-request: can-next 2023-07-19

The first 2 patches are by Judith Mendez, target the m_can driver and
add hrtimer based polling support for TI AM62x SoCs, where the
interrupt of the MCU domain's m_can cores is not routed to the Cortex
A53 core.

A patch by Rob Herring converts the grcan driver to use the correct DT
include files.

Michal Simek and Srinivas Neeli add support for optional reset control
to the xilinx_can driver.

The next 2 patches are by Jimmy Assarsson and add support for new
Kvaser pciefd to the kvaser_pciefd driver.

Mao Zhu's patch for the ucan driver removes a repeated word from a
comment.

* tag 'linux-can-next-for-6.6-20230719' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mkl/linux-can-next:
  can: ucan: Remove repeated word
  can: kvaser_pciefd: Add support for new Kvaser pciefd devices
  can: kvaser_pciefd: Move hardware specific constants and functions into a driver_data struct
  can: Explicitly include correct DT includes
  can: xilinx_can: Add support for controller reset
  dt-bindings: can: xilinx_can: Add reset description
  can: m_can: Add hrtimer to generate software interrupt
  dt-bindings: net: can: Remove interrupt properties for MCAN
====================

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719072348.525039-1-mkl@pengutronix.deSigned-off-by: default avatarJakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
      97083c21
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      bpf, net: Introduce skb_pointer_if_linear(). · 6f5a630d
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Network drivers always call skb_header_pointer() with non-null buffer.
Remove !buffer check to prevent accidental misuse of skb_header_pointer().
Introduce skb_pointer_if_linear() instead.
Reported-by: default avatarJakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarJakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230718234021.43640-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      6f5a630d
    • Alan Maguire's avatar
      bpf: sync tools/ uapi header with · 41ee0145
      Alan Maguire authored 
      Seeing the following:

Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h' differs from latest version at 'include/uapi/linux/bpf.h'

...so sync tools version missing some list_node/rb_tree fields.

Fixes: c3c510ce ("bpf: Add 'owner' field to bpf_{list,rb}_node")
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719162257.20818-1-alan.maguire@oracle.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      41ee0145
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'bpf-link-support-for-tc-bpf-programs' · 24cc7564
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Daniel Borkmann says:

====================
BPF link support for tc BPF programs

This series adds BPF link support for tc BPF programs. We initially
presented the motivation, related work and design at last year's LPC
conference in the networking & BPF track [0], and a recent update on
our progress of the rework during this year's LSF/MM/BPF summit [1].
The main changes are in first two patches and the last two have an
extensive batch of test cases we developed along with it, please see
individual patches for details. We tested this series with tc-testing
selftest suite as well as BPF CI/selftests. Thanks!

v5 -> v6:
  - Remove export symbol on tcx_inc/dec (Jakub)
  - Treat fd==0 as invalid (Stan, Alexei)
v4 -> v5:
  - Updated bpftool docs and usage of bpftool net (Quentin)
  - Consistent dump "prog id"/"link id" -> "prog_id"/"link_id" (Quentin)
  - Reworked bpftool flag output handling (Quentin)
  - LIBBPF_OPTS_RESET() macro with varargs for reinit (Andrii)
  - libbpf opts/link bail out on relative_fd && relative_id (Andrii)
  - libbpf improvements for assigning attr.relative_{id,fd} (Andrii)
  - libbpf sorting in libbpf.map (Andrii)
  - libbpf move ifindex to bpf_program__attach_tcx param (Andrii)
  - libbpf move BPF_F_ID flag handling to bpf_link_create (Andrii)
  - bpf_program_attach_fd with tcx instead of tc (Andrii)
  - Reworking kernel-internal bpf_mprog API (Alexei, Andrii)
  - Change "object" notation to "id_or_fd" (Andrii)
  - Remove on stack cpp[BPF_MPROG_MAX] and switch to memmove (Andrii)
  - Simplify bpf_mprog_{insert,delete} and add comment on internals
  - Get rid of BPF_MPROG_* return codes (Alexei, Andrii)
v3 -> v4:
  - Fix bpftool output to display tcx/{ingress,egress} (Stan)
  - Documentation around API, BPF_MPROG_* return codes and locking
    expectations (Stan, Alexei)
  - Change _after and _before to have the same semantics for return
    value (Alexei)
  - Rework mprog initialization and move allocation/free one layer
    up into tcx to simplify the code (Stan)
  - Add comment on synchronize_rcu and parent->ref (Stan)
  - Add comment on bpf_mprog_pos_() helpers wrt target position (Stan)
v2 -> v3:
  - Removal of BPF_F_FIRST/BPF_F_LAST from control UAPI (Toke, Stan)
  - Along with that full rework of bpf_mprog internals to simplify
    dependency management, looks much nicer now imho
  - Just single bpf_mprog_cp instead of two (Andrii)
  - atomic64_t for revision counter (Andrii)
  - Evaluate target position and reject on conflicts (Andrii)
  - Keep track of actual count in bpf_mprob_bundle (Andrii)
  - Make combo of REPLACE and BEFORE/AFTER work (Andrii)
  - Moved miniq as first struct member (Jamal)
  - Rework tcx_link_attach with regards to rtnl (Jakub, Andrii)
  - Moved wrappers after bpf_prog_detach_ops (Andrii)
  - Removed union for relative_fd and friends for opts and link in
    libbpf (Andrii)
  - Add doc comments to attach/detach/query libbpf APIs (Andrii)
  - Dropped SEC_ATTACHABLE_OPT (Andrii)
  - Add an OPTS_ZEROED check to bpf_link_create (Andrii)
  - Keep opts as the last argument in bpf_program_attach_fd (Andrii)
  - Rework bpf_program_attach_fd (Andrii)
  - Remove OPTS_GET before we checked OPTS_VALID in
    bpf_program__attach_tcx (Andrii)
  - Add `size_t :0;` to prevent compiler from leaving garbage (Andrii)
  - Add helper macro to clear opts structs which I found useful
    when writing tests
  - Rework of both opts and link test cases to accommodate for changes
v1 -> v2:
  - Rework of almost entire series to remove prio from UAPI and switch
    to better control directives BPF_F_FIRST/BPF_F_LAST/BPF_F_BEFORE/
    BPF_F_AFTER (Alexei, Toke, Stan, Andrii)
  - Addition of big test suite to cover all corner cases

  [0] https://lpc.events/event/16/contributions/1353/
  [1] http://vger.kernel.org/bpfconf2023_material/tcx_meta_netdev_borkmann.pdf
====================

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-1-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      24cc7564
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      selftests/bpf: Add mprog API tests for BPF tcx links · c6d479b3
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Add a big batch of test coverage to assert all aspects of the tcx link API:

  # ./vmtest.sh -- ./test_progs -t tc_links
  [...]
  #225     tc_links_after:OK
  #226     tc_links_append:OK
  #227     tc_links_basic:OK
  #228     tc_links_before:OK
  #229     tc_links_chain_classic:OK
  #230     tc_links_dev_cleanup:OK
  #231     tc_links_invalid:OK
  #232     tc_links_prepend:OK
  #233     tc_links_replace:OK
  #234     tc_links_revision:OK
  Summary: 10/0 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-9-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      c6d479b3
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      selftests/bpf: Add mprog API tests for BPF tcx opts · cd13c91d
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Add a big batch of test coverage to assert all aspects of the tcx opts
attach, detach and query API:

  # ./vmtest.sh -- ./test_progs -t tc_opts
  [...]
  #238     tc_opts_after:OK
  #239     tc_opts_append:OK
  #240     tc_opts_basic:OK
  #241     tc_opts_before:OK
  #242     tc_opts_chain_classic:OK
  #243     tc_opts_demixed:OK
  #244     tc_opts_detach:OK
  #245     tc_opts_detach_after:OK
  #246     tc_opts_detach_before:OK
  #247     tc_opts_dev_cleanup:OK
  #248     tc_opts_invalid:OK
  #249     tc_opts_mixed:OK
  #250     tc_opts_prepend:OK
  #251     tc_opts_replace:OK
  #252     tc_opts_revision:OK
  Summary: 15/0 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-8-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      cd13c91d
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      bpftool: Extend net dump with tcx progs · 57c61da8
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Add support to dump fd-based attach types via bpftool. This includes both
the tc BPF link and attach ops programs. Dumped information contain the
attach location, function entry name, program ID and link ID when applicable.

Example with tc BPF link:

  # ./bpftool net
  xdp:

  tc:
  bond0(4) tcx/ingress cil_from_netdev prog_id 784 link_id 10
  bond0(4) tcx/egress cil_to_netdev prog_id 804 link_id 11

  flow_dissector:

  netfilter:

Example with tc BPF attach ops:

  # ./bpftool net
  xdp:

  tc:
  bond0(4) tcx/ingress cil_from_netdev prog_id 654
  bond0(4) tcx/egress cil_to_netdev prog_id 672

  flow_dissector:

  netfilter:

Currently, permanent flags are not yet supported, so 'unknown' ones are dumped
via NET_DUMP_UINT_ONLY() and once we do have permanent ones, we dump them as
human readable string.
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Reviewed-by: default avatarQuentin Monnet <quentin@isovalent.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-7-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      57c61da8
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      libbpf: Add helper macro to clear opts structs · 4e9c2d9a
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Add a small and generic LIBBPF_OPTS_RESET() helper macros which clears an
opts structure and reinitializes its .sz member to place the structure
size. Additionally, the user can pass option-specific data to reinitialize
via varargs.

I found this very useful when developing selftests, but it is also generic
enough as a macro next to the existing LIBBPF_OPTS() which hides the .sz
initialization, too.
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-6-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      4e9c2d9a
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      libbpf: Add link-based API for tcx · 55cc3768
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Implement tcx BPF link support for libbpf.

The bpf_program__attach_fd() API has been refactored slightly in order to pass
bpf_link_create_opts pointer as input.

A new bpf_program__attach_tcx() has been added on top of this which allows for
passing all relevant data via extensible struct bpf_tcx_opts.

The program sections tcx/ingress and tcx/egress correspond to the hook locations
for tc ingress and egress, respectively.

For concrete usage examples, see the extensive selftests that have been
developed as part of this series.
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarAndrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-5-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      55cc3768
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      libbpf: Add opts-based attach/detach/query API for tcx · fe20ce3a
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      Extend libbpf attach opts and add a new detach opts API so this can be used
to add/remove fd-based tcx BPF programs. The old-style bpf_prog_detach() and
bpf_prog_detach2() APIs are refactored to reuse the new bpf_prog_detach_opts()
internally.

The bpf_prog_query_opts() API got extended to be able to handle the new
link_ids, link_attach_flags and revision fields.

For concrete usage examples, see the extensive selftests that have been
developed as part of this series.
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarAndrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-4-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      fe20ce3a
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      bpf: Add fd-based tcx multi-prog infra with link support · e420bed0
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      This work refactors and adds a lightweight extension ("tcx") to the tc BPF
ingress and egress data path side for allowing BPF program management based
on fds via bpf() syscall through the newly added generic multi-prog API.
The main goal behind this work which we also presented at LPC [0] last year
and a recent update at LSF/MM/BPF this year [3] is to support long-awaited
BPF link functionality for tc BPF programs, which allows for a model of safe
ownership and program detachment.

Given the rise in tc BPF users in cloud native environments, this becomes
necessary to avoid hard to debug incidents either through stale leftover
programs or 3rd party applications accidentally stepping on each others toes.
As a recap, a BPF link represents the attachment of a BPF program to a BPF
hook point. The BPF link holds a single reference to keep BPF program alive.
Moreover, hook points do not reference a BPF link, only the application's
fd or pinning does. A BPF link holds meta-data specific to attachment and
implements operations for link creation, (atomic) BPF program update,
detachment and introspection. The motivation for BPF links for tc BPF programs
is multi-fold, for example:

  - From Meta: "It's especially important for applications that are deployed
    fleet-wide and that don't "control" hosts they are deployed to. If such
    application crashes and no one notices and does anything about that, BPF
    program will keep running draining resources or even just, say, dropping
    packets. We at FB had outages due to such permanent BPF attachment
    semantics. With fd-based BPF link we are getting a framework, which allows
    safe, auto-detachable behavior by default, unless application explicitly
    opts in by pinning the BPF link." [1]

  - From Cilium-side the tc BPF programs we attach to host-facing veth devices
    and phys devices build the core datapath for Kubernetes Pods, and they
    implement forwarding, load-balancing, policy, EDT-management, etc, within
    BPF. Currently there is no concept of 'safe' ownership, e.g. we've recently
    experienced hard-to-debug issues in a user's staging environment where
    another Kubernetes application using tc BPF attached to the same prio/handle
    of cls_bpf, accidentally wiping all Cilium-based BPF programs from underneath
    it. The goal is to establish a clear/safe ownership model via links which
    cannot accidentally be overridden. [0,2]

BPF links for tc can co-exist with non-link attachments, and the semantics are
in line also with XDP links: BPF links cannot replace other BPF links, BPF
links cannot replace non-BPF links, non-BPF links cannot replace BPF links and
lastly only non-BPF links can replace non-BPF links. In case of Cilium, this
would solve mentioned issue of safe ownership model as 3rd party applications
would not be able to accidentally wipe Cilium programs, even if they are not
BPF link aware.

Earlier attempts [4] have tried to integrate BPF links into core tc machinery
to solve cls_bpf, which has been intrusive to the generic tc kernel API with
extensions only specific to cls_bpf and suboptimal/complex since cls_bpf could
be wiped from the qdisc also. Locking a tc BPF program in place this way, is
getting into layering hacks given the two object models are vastly different.

We instead implemented the tcx (tc 'express') layer which is an fd-based tc BPF
attach API, so that the BPF link implementation blends in naturally similar to
other link types which are fd-based and without the need for changing core tc
internal APIs. BPF programs for tc can then be successively migrated from classic
cls_bpf to the new tc BPF link without needing to change the program's source
code, just the BPF loader mechanics for attaching is sufficient.

For the current tc framework, there is no change in behavior with this change
and neither does this change touch on tc core kernel APIs. The gist of this
patch is that the ingress and egress hook have a lightweight, qdisc-less
extension for BPF to attach its tc BPF programs, in other words, a minimal
entry point for tc BPF. The name tcx has been suggested from discussion of
earlier revisions of this work as a good fit, and to more easily differ between
the classic cls_bpf attachment and the fd-based one.

For the ingress and egress tcx points, the device holds a cache-friendly array
with program pointers which is separated from control plane (slow-path) data.
Earlier versions of this work used priority to determine ordering and expression
of dependencies similar as with classic tc, but it was challenged that for
something more future-proof a better user experience is required. Hence this
resulted in the design and development of the generic attach/detach/query API
for multi-progs. See prior patch with its discussion on the API design. tcx is
the first user and later we plan to integrate also others, for example, one
candidate is multi-prog support for XDP which would benefit and have the same
'look and feel' from API perspective.

The goal with tcx is to have maximum compatibility to existing tc BPF programs,
so they don't need to be rewritten specifically. Compatibility to call into
classic tcf_classify() is also provided in order to allow successive migration
or both to cleanly co-exist where needed given its all one logical tc layer and
the tcx plus classic tc cls/act build one logical overall processing pipeline.

tcx supports the simplified return codes TCX_NEXT which is non-terminating (go
to next program) and terminating ones with TCX_PASS, TCX_DROP, TCX_REDIRECT.
The fd-based API is behind a static key, so that when unused the code is also
not entered. The struct tcx_entry's program array is currently static, but
could be made dynamic if necessary at a point in future. The a/b pair swap
design has been chosen so that for detachment there are no allocations which
otherwise could fail.

The work has been tested with tc-testing selftest suite which all passes, as
well as the tc BPF tests from the BPF CI, and also with Cilium's L4LB.

Thanks also to Nikolay Aleksandrov and Martin Lau for in-depth early reviews
of this work.

  [0] https://lpc.events/event/16/contributions/1353/
  [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzbokCJN33Nw_kg82sO=xppXnKWEncGTWCTB9vGCmLB6pw@mail.gmail.com
  [2] https://colocatedeventseu2023.sched.com/event/1Jo6O/tales-from-an-ebpf-programs-murder-mystery-hemanth-malla-guillaume-fournier-datadog
  [3] http://vger.kernel.org/bpfconf2023_material/tcx_meta_netdev_borkmann.pdf
  [4] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210604063116.234316-1-memxor@gmail.comSigned-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarJakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-3-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      e420bed0
    • Daniel Borkmann's avatar
      bpf: Add generic attach/detach/query API for multi-progs · 053c8e1f
      Daniel Borkmann authored 
      This adds a generic layer called bpf_mprog which can be reused by different
attachment layers to enable multi-program attachment and dependency resolution.
In-kernel users of the bpf_mprog don't need to care about the dependency
resolution internals, they can just consume it with few API calls.

The initial idea of having a generic API sparked out of discussion [0] from an
earlier revision of this work where tc's priority was reused and exposed via
BPF uapi as a way to coordinate dependencies among tc BPF programs, similar
as-is for classic tc BPF. The feedback was that priority provides a bad user
experience and is hard to use [1], e.g.:

  I cannot help but feel that priority logic copy-paste from old tc, netfilter
  and friends is done because "that's how things were done in the past". [...]
  Priority gets exposed everywhere in uapi all the way to bpftool when it's
  right there for users to understand. And that's the main problem with it.

  The user don't want to and don't need to be aware of it, but uapi forces them
  to pick the priority. [...] Your cover letter [0] example proves that in
  real life different service pick the same priority. They simply don't know
  any better. Priority is an unnecessary magic that apps _have_ to pick, so
  they just copy-paste and everyone ends up using the same.

The course of the discussion showed more and more the need for a generic,
reusable API where the "same look and feel" can be applied for various other
program types beyond just tc BPF, for example XDP today does not have multi-
program support in kernel, but also there was interest around this API for
improving management of cgroup program types. Such common multi-program
management concept is useful for BPF management daemons or user space BPF
applications coordinating internally about their attachments.

Both from Cilium and Meta side [2], we've collected the following requirements
for a generic attach/detach/query API for multi-progs which has been implemented
as part of this work:

  - Support prog-based attach/detach and link API
  - Dependency directives (can also be combined):
    - BPF_F_{BEFORE,AFTER} with relative_{fd,id} which can be {prog,link,none}
      - BPF_F_ID flag as {fd,id} toggle; the rationale for id is so that user
        space application does not need CAP_SYS_ADMIN to retrieve foreign fds
        via bpf_*_get_fd_by_id()
      - BPF_F_LINK flag as {prog,link} toggle
      - If relative_{fd,id} is none, then BPF_F_BEFORE will just prepend, and
        BPF_F_AFTER will just append for attaching
      - Enforced only at attach time
    - BPF_F_REPLACE with replace_bpf_fd which can be prog, links have their
      own infra for replacing their internal prog
    - If no flags are set, then it's default append behavior for attaching
  - Internal revision counter and optionally being able to pass expected_revision
  - User space application can query current state with revision, and pass it
    along for attachment to assert current state before doing updates
  - Query also gets extension for link_ids array and link_attach_flags:
    - prog_ids are always filled with program IDs
    - link_ids are filled with link IDs when link was used, otherwise 0
    - {prog,link}_attach_flags for holding {prog,link}-specific flags
  - Must be easy to integrate/reuse for in-kernel users

The uapi-side changes needed for supporting bpf_mprog are rather minimal,
consisting of the additions of the attachment flags, revision counter, and
expanding existing union with relative_{fd,id} member.

The bpf_mprog framework consists of an bpf_mprog_entry object which holds
an array of bpf_mprog_fp (fast-path structure). The bpf_mprog_cp (control-path
structure) is part of bpf_mprog_bundle. Both have been separated, so that
fast-path gets efficient packing of bpf_prog pointers for maximum cache
efficiency. Also, array has been chosen instead of linked list or other
structures to remove unnecessary indirections for a fast point-to-entry in
tc for BPF.

The bpf_mprog_entry comes as a pair via bpf_mprog_bundle so that in case of
updates the peer bpf_mprog_entry is populated and then just swapped which
avoids additional allocations that could otherwise fail, for example, in
detach case. bpf_mprog_{fp,cp} arrays are currently static, but they could
be converted to dynamic allocation if necessary at a point in future.
Locking is deferred to the in-kernel user of bpf_mprog, for example, in case
of tcx which uses this API in the next patch, it piggybacks on rtnl.

An extensive test suite for checking all aspects of this API for prog-based
attach/detach and link API comes as BPF selftests in this series.

Thanks also to Andrii Nakryiko for early API discussions wrt Meta's BPF prog
management.

  [0] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221004231143.19190-1-daniel@iogearbox.net
  [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAADnVQ+gEY3FjCR=+DmjDR4gp5bOYZUFJQXj4agKFHT9CQPZBw@mail.gmail.com
  [2] http://vger.kernel.org/bpfconf2023_material/tcx_meta_netdev_borkmann.pdfSigned-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-2-daniel@iogearbox.netSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      053c8e1f
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'xsk-multi-buffer-support' · 3226e313
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Maciej Fijalkowski says:

====================
xsk: multi-buffer support

v6->v7:
- rebase...[Alexei]

v5->v6:
- update bpf_xdp_query_opts__last_field in patch 10 [Alexei]

v4->v5:
- align options argument size to match options from xdp_desc [Benjamin]
- cleanup skb from xdp_sock on socket termination [Toke]
- introduce new netlink attribute for letting user space know about Tx
  frag limit; this substitutes xdp_features flag previously dedicated
  for setting ZC multi-buffer support [Toke, Jakub]
- include i40e ZC multi-buffer support
- enable TOO_MANY_FRAGS for ZC on xskxceiver; this is now possible due
  to netlink attribute mentioned two bullets above

v3->v4:
-rely on ynl for adding new xdp_features flag [Jakub]
- move xskb_list to xsk_buff_pool

v2->v3:
- Fix issue with the next valid packet getting dropped after an invalid
  packet with MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1 frags [Magnus]
- query NETDEV_XDP_ACT_ZC_SG flag within xskxceiver and act on it
- remove redundant include in xsk.c [kernel test robot]
- s/NETDEV_XDP_ACT_NDO_ZC_SG/NETDEV_XDP_ACT_ZC_SG + kernel doc [Magnus,
  Simon]

v1->v2:
- fix spelling issues in commit messages [Simon]
- remove XSK_DESC_MAX_FRAGS, use MAX_SKB_FRAGS instead [Stan, Alexei]
- add documentation patch
- fix build error from kernel test robot on patch 10

This series of patches add multi-buffer support for AF_XDP. XDP and
various NIC drivers already have support for multi-buffer packets. With
this patch set, programs using AF_XDP sockets can now also receive and
transmit multi-buffer packets both in copy as well as zero-copy mode.
ZC multi-buffer implementation is based on ice driver.

Some definitions to put us all on the same page:

* A packet consists of one or more frames

* A descriptor in one of the AF_XDP rings always refers to a single
  frame. In the case the packet consists of a single frame, the
  descriptor refers to the whole packet.

To represent a packet consisting of multiple frames, we introduce a
new flag called XDP_PKT_CONTD in the options field of the Rx and Tx
descriptors. If it is true (1) the packet continues with the next
descriptor and if it is false (0) it means this is the last descriptor
of the packet. Why the reverse logic of end-of-packet (eop) flag found
in many NICs? Just to preserve compatibility with non-multi-buffer
applications that have this bit set to false for all packets on Rx, and
the apps set the options field to zero for Tx, as anything else will
be treated as an invalid descriptor.

These are the semantics for producing packets onto XSK Tx ring
consisting of multiple frames:

* When an invalid descriptor is found, all the other
  descriptors/frames of this packet are marked as invalid and not
  completed. The next descriptor is treated as the start of a new
  packet, even if this was not the intent (because we cannot guess
  the intent). As before, if your program is producing invalid
  descriptors you have a bug that must be fixed.

* Zero length descriptors are treated as invalid descriptors.

* For copy mode, the maximum supported number of frames in a packet is
  equal to CONFIG_MAX_SKB_FRAGS + 1. If it is exceeded, all
  descriptors accumulated so far are dropped and treated as
  invalid. To produce an application that will work on any system
  regardless of this config setting, limit the number of frags to 18,
  as the minimum value of the config is 17.

* For zero-copy mode, the limit is up to what the NIC HW
  supports. User space can discover this via newly introduced
  NETDEV_A_DEV_XDP_ZC_MAX_SEGS netlink attribute.

Here is an example Tx path pseudo-code (using libxdp interfaces for
simplicity) ignoring that the umem is finite in size, and that we
eventually will run out of packets to send. Also assumes pkts.addr
points to a valid location in the umem.

void tx_packets(struct xsk_socket_info *xsk, struct pkt *pkts,
                int batch_size)
{
	u32 idx, i, pkt_nb = 0;

	xsk_ring_prod__reserve(&xsk->tx, batch_size, &idx);

	for (i = 0; i < batch_size;) {
		u64 addr = pkts[pkt_nb].addr;
		u32 len = pkts[pkt_nb].size;

		do {
			struct xdp_desc *tx_desc;

			tx_desc = xsk_ring_prod__tx_desc(&xsk->tx, idx + i++);
			tx_desc->addr = addr;

			if (len > xsk_frame_size) {
				tx_desc->len = xsk_frame_size;
				tx_desc->options |= XDP_PKT_CONTD;
			} else {
				tx_desc->len = len;
				tx_desc->options = 0;
				pkt_nb++;
			}
			len -= tx_desc->len;
			addr += xsk_frame_size;

			if (i == batch_size) {
				/* Remember len, addr, pkt_nb for next
				 * iteration. Skipped for simplicity.
				 */
				break;
			}
		} while (len);
	}

	xsk_ring_prod__submit(&xsk->tx, i);
}

On the Rx path in copy mode, the xsk core copies the XDP data into
multiple descriptors, if needed, and sets the XDP_PKT_CONTD flag as
detailed before. Zero-copy mode in order to avoid the copies has to
maintain a chain of xdp_buff_xsk structs that represent whole packet.
This is because what actually is redirected is the xdp_buff and we
currently have no equivalent mechanism that is used for copy mode
(embedded skb_shared_info in xdp_buff) to carry the frags. This means
xdp_buff_xsk grows in size but these members are at the end and should
not be touched when data path is not dealing with fragmented packets.
This solution kept us within assumed performance impact, hence we
decided to proceed with it.

When the application gets a descriptor with the
XDP_PKT_CONTD flag set to one, it means that the packet consists of
multiple buffers and it continues with the next buffer in the following
descriptor. When a descriptor with XDP_PKT_CONTD == 0 is received, it
means that this is the last buffer of the packet. AF_XDP guarantees that
only a complete packet (all frames in the packet) is sent to the
application.

If application reads a batch of descriptors, using for example the libxdp
interfaces, it is not guaranteed that the batch will end with a full
packet. It might end in the middle of a packet and the rest of the
buffers of that packet will arrive at the beginning of the next batch,
since the libxdp interface does not read the whole ring (unless you
have an enormous batch size or a very small ring size).

Here is a simple Rx path pseudo-code example (using libxdp interfaces for
simplicity). Error paths have been excluded for simplicity:

void rx_packets(struct xsk_socket_info *xsk)
{
	static bool new_packet = true;
	u32 idx_rx = 0, idx_fq = 0;
	static char *pkt;

	int rcvd = xsk_ring_cons__peek(&xsk->rx, opt_batch_size, &idx_rx);

	xsk_ring_prod__reserve(&xsk->umem->fq, rcvd, &idx_fq);

	for (int i = 0; i < rcvd; i++) {
		struct xdp_desc *desc = xsk_ring_cons__rx_desc(&xsk->rx, idx_rx++);
		char *frag = xsk_umem__get_data(xsk->umem->buffer, desc->addr);
		bool eop = !(desc->options & XDP_PKT_CONTD);

		if (new_packet)
			pkt = frag;
		else
			add_frag_to_pkt(pkt, frag);

		if (eop)
			process_pkt(pkt);

		new_packet = eop;

		*xsk_ring_prod__fill_addr(&xsk->umem->fq, idx_fq++) = desc->addr;
	}

	xsk_ring_prod__submit(&xsk->umem->fq, rcvd);
	xsk_ring_cons__release(&xsk->rx, rcvd);
}

We had to introduce a new bind flag (XDP_USE_SG) on the AF_XDP level to
enable multi-buffer support. The reason we need to differentiate between
non multi-buffer and multi-buffer is the behaviour when the kernel gets
a packet that is larger than the frame size. Without multi-buffer, this
packet is dropped and marked in the stats. With multi-buffer on, we want
to split it up into multiple frames instead.

At the start, we thought that riding on the .frags section name of
the XDP program was a good idea. You do not have to introduce yet
another flag and all AF_XDP users must load an XDP program anyway
to get any traffic up to the socket, so why not just say that the XDP
program decides if the AF_XDP socket should get multi-buffer packets
or not? The problem is that we can create an AF_XDP socket that is Tx
only and that works without having to load an XDP program at
all. Another problem is that the XDP program might change during the
execution, so we would have to check this for every single packet.

Here is the observed throughput when compared to a codebase without any
multi-buffer changes and measured with xdpsock for 64B packets.
Apparently ZC Tx takes a hit from explicit zero length descriptors
validation. Overall, in terms of ZC performance, there is a room for
improvement, but for now we think this work is in a good shape in terms
of correctness and functionality. We were targetting for up to 5%
overhead though. Note that ZC performance drops come from core + driver
support being combined, whereas copy mode had already driver support in
place.

Mode     rxdrop       l2fwd       txonly
ice-zc    -4%          -7%         -6%
i40e-zc   -7%          -6%         -7%
drv       -1.2%         0%         +2%
skb       -0.6%        -1%         +2%

Thank you,
Tirthendu, Magnus and Maciej
====================

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-1-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      3226e313
    • Maciej Fijalkowski's avatar
      selftests/xsk: reset NIC settings to default after running test suite · 3666bcca
      Maciej Fijalkowski authored 
      Currently, when running ZC test suite, after finishing first run of test
suite and then switching to busy-poll tests within xskxceiver, such
errors are observed:

libbpf: Kernel error message: ice: MTU is too large for linear frames and XDP prog does not support frags
1..26
libbpf: Kernel error message: Native and generic XDP can't be active at the same time
Error attaching XDP program
not ok 1 [xskxceiver.c:xsk_reattach_xdp:1568]: ERROR: 17/"File exists"

this is because test suite ends with 9k MTU and native xdp program being
loaded. Busy-poll tests start non-multi-buffer tests for generic mode.
To fix this, let us introduce bash function that will reset NIC settings
to default (e.g. 1500 MTU and no xdp progs loaded) so that test suite
can continue without interrupts. It also means that after busy-poll
tests NIC will have those default settings, whereas right now it is left
with 9k MTU and xdp prog loaded in native mode.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMaciej Fijalkowski <maciej.fijalkowski@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-25-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      3666bcca
    • Magnus Karlsson's avatar
      selftests/xsk: add test for too many frags · 807bf4da
      Magnus Karlsson authored 
      Add a test that will exercise maximum number of supported fragments.
This number depends on mode of the test - for SKB and DRV it will be 18
whereas for ZC this is defined by a value from NETDEV_A_DEV_XDP_ZC_MAX_SEGS
netlink attribute.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMagnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Maciej Fijalkowski <maciej.fijalkowski@intel.com> # made use of new netlink attribute
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-24-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      807bf4da
    • Magnus Karlsson's avatar
      selftests/xsk: add metadata copy test for multi-buff · f80ddbec
      Magnus Karlsson authored 
      Enable the already existing metadata copy test to also run in
multi-buffer mode with 9K packets.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMagnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-23-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      f80ddbec
    • Magnus Karlsson's avatar
      selftests/xsk: add invalid descriptor test for multi-buffer · 69760449
      Magnus Karlsson authored 
      Add a test that produces lots of nasty descriptors testing the corner
cases of the descriptor validation. Some of these descriptors are
valid and some are not as indicated by the valid flag. For a
description of all the test combinations, please see the code.

To stress the API, we need to be able to generate combinations of
descriptors that make little sense. A new verbatim mode is introduced
for the packet_stream to accomplish this. In this mode, all packets in
the packet_stream are sent as is. We do not try to chop them up into
frames that are of the right size that we know are going to work as we
would normally do. The packets are just written into the Tx ring even
if we know they make no sense.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMagnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Maciej Fijalkowski <maciej.fijalkowski@intel.com> # adjusted valid flags for frags
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-22-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.comSigned-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      69760449
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