- 21 Mar, 2016 1 commit
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Its possible to IOC_PERIOD while the event is throttled, this would re-start the event and the next tick would then try to unthrottle it, and find the event wasn't actually stopped anymore. This would tickle a WARN in the x86-pmu code which isn't expecting to start a !stopped event. Signed-off-by:
Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by:
Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu> Cc: dvyukov@google.com Cc: oleg@redhat.com Cc: panand@redhat.com Cc: sasha.levin@oracle.com Cc: vince@deater.net Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160310143924.GR6356@twins.programming.kicks-ass.netSigned-off-by:
Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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- 19 Mar, 2016 7 commits
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Thomas Gleixner authored
We really do not want to keep that nmi enabled across suspend/resume. Signed-off-by:Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Magic hex constants are a guarantee for wreckage when the defines change. Signed-off-by: -
Thomas Gleixner authored
The notifier is missing the CPU_DOWN_FAILED transition. That leaves the heartbeat disabled when CPU_DOWN_PREPARE fails. It also does not handle the FROZEN transition variants. That might not be an issue for UV, but it's inconsistent. Signed-off-by: -
Thomas Gleixner authored
Magic hex constants are a guarantee for wreckage when the defines change. Signed-off-by: -
Thomas Gleixner authored
nr_cpu_ids can be limited on the command line via nr_cpus=. That can break the logical package management because it results in a smaller number of packages, but the cpus to online are occupying the full package space as the hyper threads are enumerated after the physical cores typically. total_cpus is the real possible cpu space not limited by nr_cpus command line and gives us the proper number of packages. Reported-by:
Mike Galbraith <umgwanakikbuti@gmail.com> Fixes: 1f12e32f ("x86/topology: Create logical package id") Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
As per the comment in the code; due to BIOS it is sometimes impossible to know if there actually are smp siblings until the machine is fully enumerated. So we rather overestimate the number of possible packages. Fixes: 1f12e32f ("x86/topology: Create logical package id") Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
That first branch testing pkg against __max_logical_packages is wrong, because if the first pkg id is larger, then the find_first_zero will find us logical package id 0. However, if the second pkg id is indeed 0, we'll again claim it without testing if it was already taken. Also, it fails to print the mapping. Fixes: 1f12e32f ("x86/topology: Create logical package id") Reported-by:
Xiong Zhou <jencce.kernel@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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- 18 Mar, 2016 3 commits
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Thomas Gleixner authored
Harry reported, that he's able to trigger a system freeze with cpu hot unplug. The freeze turned out to be a live lock caused by recent changes in irq_force_complete_move(). When fixup_irqs() and from there irq_force_complete_move() is called on the dying cpu, then all other cpus are in stop machine an wait for the dying cpu to complete the teardown. If there is a move of an interrupt pending then irq_force_complete_move() sends the cleanup IPI to the cpus in the old_domain mask and waits for them to clear the mask. That's obviously impossible as those cpus are firmly stuck in stop machine with interrupts disabled. I should have known that, but I completely overlooked it being concentrated on the locking issues around the vectors. And the existance of the call to __irq_complete_move() in the code, which actually sends the cleanup IPI made it reasonable to wait for that cleanup to complete. That call was bogus even before the recent changes as it was just a pointless distraction. We have to look at two cases: 1) The move_in_progress flag of the interrupt is set This means the ioapic has been updated with the new vector, but it has not fired yet. In theory there is a race: set_ioapic(new_vector) <-- Interrupt is raised before update is effective, i.e. it's raised on the old vector. So if the target cpu cannot handle that interrupt before the old vector is cleaned up, we get a spurious interrupt and in the worst case the ioapic irq line becomes stale, but my experiments so far have only resulted in spurious interrupts. But in case of cpu hotplug this should be a non issue because if the affinity update happens right before all cpus rendevouz in stop machine, there is no way that the interrupt can be blocked on the target cpu because all cpus loops first with interrupts enabled in stop machine, so the old vector is not yet cleaned up when the interrupt fires. So the only way to run into this issue is if the delivery of the interrupt on the apic/system bus would be delayed beyond the point where the target cpu disables interrupts in stop machine. I doubt that it can happen, but at least there is a theroretical chance. Virtualization might be able to expose this, but AFAICT the IOAPIC emulation is not as stupid as the real hardware. I've spent quite some time over the weekend to enforce that situation, though I was not able to trigger the delayed case. 2) The move_in_progress flag is not set and the old_domain cpu mask is not empty. That means, that an interrupt was delivered after the change and the cleanup IPI has been sent to the cpus in old_domain, but not all CPUs have responded to it yet. In both cases we can assume that the next interrupt will arrive on the new vector, so we can cleanup the old vectors on the cpus in the old_domain cpu mask. Fixes: 98229aa3 "x86/irq: Plug vector cleanup race" Reported-by:
Harry Junior <harryjr@outlook.fr> Tested-by:
Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by:
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Thomas Gleixner authored
The topology_core_cpumask is used to find a neighbour cpu in calibrate_delay_is_known(). It might not be allocated at the first invocation of that function on the boot cpu, when CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK is set. The mask is allocated later in native_smp_prepare_cpus. As a consequence the underlying find_next_bit() call dereferences a NULL pointer. Add a proper check to prevent this. Fixes: c25323c0 "x86/tsc: Use topology functions" Reported-and-tested-by:
Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
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Dave Jones authored
Since 4.4, I've been able to trigger this occasionally: =============================== [ INFO: suspicious RCU usage. ] 4.5.0-rc7-think+ #3 Not tainted Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160315012054.GA17765@codemonkey.org.ukSigned-off-by:
Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Fixes: 4787c368 "x86/tracing: Add irq_enter/exit() in smp_trace_reschedule_interrupt()" Signed-off-by:
Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk> Signed-off-by:
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- 17 Mar, 2016 4 commits
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Andy Lutomirski authored
iopl(3) is supposed to work if iopl is already 3, even if unprivileged. This didn't work right on Xen PV. Fix it. Reviewewd-by:
Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by:
Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8ce12013e6e4c0a44a97e316be4a6faff31bd5ea.1458162709.git.luto@kernel.orgSigned-off-by:
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Andy Lutomirski authored
On Xen PV, regs->flags doesn't reliably reflect IOPL and the exit-to-userspace code doesn't change IOPL. We need to context switch it manually. I'm doing this without going through paravirt because this is specific to Xen PV. After the dust settles, we can merge this with the 32-bit code, tidy up the iopl syscall implementation, and remove the set_iopl pvop entirely. Fixes XSA-171. Reviewewd-by:
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Andy Lutomirski authored
This exercises two cases that are known to be buggy on Xen PV right now. Signed-off-by:
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Ingo Molnar authored
Pull in some merge window leftovers. Signed-off-by:
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- 16 Mar, 2016 2 commits
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Tony Luck authored
Returning a 'bool' was very unpopular. Doubly so because the code was just wrong (returning zero for true, one for false; great for shell programming, not so good for C). Change return type to "int". Keep zero as the success indicator because it matches other similar code and people may be more comfortable writing: if (memcpy_mcsafe(to, from, count)) { printk("Sad panda, copy failed\n"); ... } Make the failure return value -EFAULT for now. Reported by: Mika Penttilä <mika.penttila@nextfour.com> Signed-off-by: -
Ingo Molnar authored
Signed-off-by:
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- 15 Mar, 2016 19 commits
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull cpu hotplug updates from Thomas Gleixner: "This is the first part of the ongoing cpu hotplug rework: - Initial implementation of the state machine - Runs all online and prepare down callbacks on the plugged cpu and not on some random processor - Replaces busy loop waiting with completions - Adds tracepoints so the states can be followed" More detailed commentary on this work from an earlier email: "What's wrong with the current cpu hotplug infrastructure? - Asymmetry The hotplug notifier mechanism is asymmetric versus the bringup and teardown. This is mostly caused by the notifier mechanism. - Largely undocumented dependencies While some notifiers use explicitely defined notifier priorities, we have quite some notifiers which use numerical priorities to express dependencies without any documentation why. - Control processor driven Most of the bringup/teardown of a cpu is driven by a control processor. While it is understandable, that preperatory steps, like idle thread creation, memory allocation for and initialization of essential facilities needs to be done before a cpu can boot, there is no reason why everything else must run on a control processor. Before this patch series, bringup looks like this: Control CPU Booting CPU do preparatory steps kick cpu into life do low level init sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu bring the rest up - All or nothing approach There is no way to do partial bringups. That's something which is really desired because we waste e.g. at boot substantial amount of time just busy waiting that the cpu comes to life. That's stupid as we could very well do preparatory steps and the initial IPI for other cpus and then go back and do the necessary low level synchronization with the freshly booted cpu. - Minimal debuggability Due to the notifier based design, it's impossible to switch between two stages of the bringup/teardown back and forth in order to test the correctness. So in many hotplug notifiers the cancel mechanisms are either not existant or completely untested. - Notifier [un]registering is tedious To [un]register notifiers we need to protect against hotplug at every callsite. There is no mechanism that bringup/teardown callbacks are issued on the online cpus, so every caller needs to do it itself. That also includes error rollback. What's the new design? The base of the new design is a symmetric state machine, where both the control processor and the booting/dying cpu execute a well defined set of states. Each state is symmetric in the end, except for some well defined exceptions, and the bringup/teardown can be stopped and reversed at almost all states. So the bringup of a cpu will look like this in the future: Control CPU Booting CPU do preparatory steps kick cpu into life do low level init sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu bring itself up The synchronization step does not require the control cpu to wait. That mechanism can be done asynchronously via a worker or some other mechanism. The teardown can be made very similar, so that the dying cpu cleans up and brings itself down. Cleanups which need to be done after the cpu is gone, can be scheduled asynchronously as well. There is a long way to this, as we need to refactor the notion when a cpu is available. Today we set the cpu online right after it comes out of the low level bringup, which is not really correct. The proper mechanism is to set it to available, i.e. cpu local threads, like softirqd, hotplug thread etc. can be scheduled on that cpu, and once it finished all booting steps, it's set to online, so general workloads can be scheduled on it. The reverse happens on teardown. First thing to do is to forbid scheduling of general workloads, then teardown all the per cpu resources and finally shut it off completely. This patch series implements the basic infrastructure for this at the core level. This includes the following: - Basic state machine implementation with well defined states, so ordering and prioritization can be expressed. - Interfaces to [un]register state callbacks This invokes the bringup/teardown callback on all online cpus with the proper protection in place and [un]installs the callbacks in the state machine array. For callbacks which have no particular ordering requirement we have a dynamic state space, so that drivers don't have to register an explicit hotplug state. If a callback fails, the code automatically does a rollback to the previous state. - Sysfs interface to drive the state machine to a particular step. This is only partially functional today. Full functionality and therefor testability will be achieved once we converted all existing hotplug notifiers over to the new scheme. - Run all CPU_ONLINE/DOWN_PREPARE notifiers on the booting/dying processor: Control CPU Booting CPU do preparatory steps kick cpu into life do low level init sync with booting cpu sync with control cpu wait for boot bring itself up Signal completion to control cpu In a previous step of this work we've done a full tree mechanical conversion of all hotplug notifiers to the new scheme. The balance is a net removal of about 4000 lines of code. This is not included in this series, as we decided to take a different approach. Instead of mechanically converting everything over, we will do a proper overhaul of the usage sites one by one so they nicely fit into the symmetric callback scheme. I decided to do that after I looked at the ugliness of some of the converted sites and figured out that their hotplug mechanism is completely buggered anyway. So there is no point to do a mechanical conversion first as we need to go through the usage sites one by one again in order to achieve a full symmetric and testable behaviour" * 'smp-hotplug-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (23 commits) cpu/hotplug: Document states better cpu/hotplug: Fix smpboot thread ordering cpu/hotplug: Remove redundant state check cpu/hotplug: Plug death reporting race rcu: Make CPU_DYING_IDLE an explicit call cpu/hotplug: Make wait for dead cpu completion based cpu/hotplug: Let upcoming cpu bring itself fully up arch/hotplug: Call into idle with a proper state cpu/hotplug: Move online calls to hotplugged cpu cpu/hotplug: Create hotplug threads cpu/hotplug: Split out the state walk into functions cpu/hotplug: Unpark smpboot threads from the state machine cpu/hotplug: Move scheduler cpu_online notifier to hotplug core cpu/hotplug: Implement setup/removal interface cpu/hotplug: Make target state writeable cpu/hotplug: Add sysfs state interface cpu/hotplug: Hand in target state to _cpu_up/down cpu/hotplug: Convert the hotplugged cpu work to a state machine cpu/hotplug: Convert to a state machine for the control processor cpu/hotplug: Add tracepoints ... -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull irq updates from Thomas Gleixner: "The 4.6 pile of irq updates contains: - Support for IPI irqdomains to support proper integration of IPIs to and from coprocessors. The first user of this new facility is MIPS. The relevant MIPS patches come with the core to avoid merge ordering issues and have been acked by Ralf. - A new command line option to set the default interrupt affinity mask at boot time. - Support for some more new ARM and MIPS interrupt controllers: tango, alpine-msix and bcm6345-l1 - Two small cleanups for x86/apic which we merged into irq/core to avoid yet another branch in x86 with two tiny commits. - The usual set of updates, cleanups in drivers/irqchip. Mostly in the area of ARM-GIC, arada-37-xp and atmel chips. Nothing outstanding here" * 'irq-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (56 commits) irqchip/irq-alpine-msi: Release the correct domain on error irqchip/mxs: Fix error check of of_io_request_and_map() irqchip/sunxi-nmi: Fix error check of of_io_request_and_map() genirq: Export IRQ functions for module use irqchip/gic/realview: Support more RealView DCC variants Documentation/bindings: Document the Alpine MSIX driver irqchip: Add the Alpine MSIX interrupt controller irqchip/gic-v3: Always return IRQ_SET_MASK_OK_DONE in gic_set_affinity irqchip/gic-v3-its: Mark its_init() and its children as __init irqchip/gic-v3: Remove gic_root_node variable from the ITS code irqchip/gic-v3: ACPI: Add redistributor support via GICC structures irqchip/gic-v3: Add ACPI support for GICv3/4 initialization irqchip/gic-v3: Refactor gic_of_init() for GICv3 driver x86/apic: Deinline _flat_send_IPI_mask, save ~150 bytes x86/apic: Deinline __default_send_IPI_*, save ~200 bytes dt-bindings: interrupt-controller: Add SoC-specific compatible string to Marvell ODMI irqchip/mips-gic: Add new DT property to reserve IPIs MIPS: Delete smp-gic.c MIPS: Make smp CMP, CPS and MT use the new generic IPI functions MIPS: Add generic SMP IPI support ... -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner: "The timer department delivers this time: - Support for cross clock domain timestamps in the core code plus a first user. That allows more precise timestamping for PTP and later for audio and other peripherals. The ptp/e1000e patches have been acked by the relevant maintainers and are carried in the timer tree to avoid merge ordering issues. - Support for unregistering the current clocksource watchdog. That lifts a limitation for switching clocksources which has been there from day 1 - The usual pile of fixes and updates to the core and the drivers. Nothing outstanding and exciting" * 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (26 commits) time/timekeeping: Work around false positive GCC warning e1000e: Adds hardware supported cross timestamp on e1000e nic ptp: Add PTP_SYS_OFFSET_PRECISE for driver crosstimestamping x86/tsc: Always Running Timer (ART) correlated clocksource hrtimer: Revert CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW support time: Add history to cross timestamp interface supporting slower devices time: Add driver cross timestamp interface for higher precision time synchronization time: Remove duplicated code in ktime_get_raw_and_real() time: Add timekeeping snapshot code capturing system time and counter time: Add cycles to nanoseconds translation jiffies: Use CLOCKSOURCE_MASK instead of constant clocksource: Introduce clocksource_freq2mult() clockevents/drivers/exynos_mct: Implement ->set_state_oneshot_stopped() clockevents/drivers/arm_global_timer: Implement ->set_state_oneshot_stopped() clockevents/drivers/arm_arch_timer: Implement ->set_state_oneshot_stopped() clocksource/drivers/arm_global_timer: Register delay timer clocksource/drivers/lpc32xx: Support timer-based ARM delay clocksource/drivers/lpc32xx: Support periodic mode clocksource/drivers/lpc32xx: Don't use the prescaler counter for clockevents clocksource/drivers/rockchip: Add err handle for rk_timer_init ... -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes in this cycle were: - Miscellaneous fixes, cleanups, restructuring. - RCU torture-test updates" * 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: rcu: Export rcu_gp_is_normal() rcu: Remove rcu_user_hooks_switch rcu: Catch up rcu_report_qs_rdp() comment with reality rcu: Document unique-name limitation for DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() rcu: Make rcu/tiny_plugin.h explicitly non-modular irq: Privatize irq_common_data::state_use_accessors RCU: Privatize rcu_node::lock sparse: Add __private to privatize members of structs rcu: Remove useless rcu_data_p when !PREEMPT_RCU rcutorture: Correct no-expedite console messages rcu: Set rdp->gpwrap when CPU is idle rcu: Stop treating in-kernel CPU-bound workloads as errors rcu: Update rcu_report_qs_rsp() comment rcu: Assign false instead of 0 for ->core_needs_qs rcutorture: Check for self-detected stalls rcutorture: Don't keep empty console.log.diags files rcutorture: Add checks for rcutorture writer starvation
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 timer update from Ingo Molnar: "A single simplification of the x86 TSC code" * 'x86-timers-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/tsc: Use topology functions
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 core platform updates from Ingo Molnar: "Intel Quark and Geode SoC platform updates" * 'x86-platform-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/platform/intel/quark: Drop IMR lock bit support x86/platform/intel/mid: Remove dead code x86/platform: Make platform/geode/net5501.c explicitly non-modular x86/platform: Make platform/geode/alix.c explicitly non-modular x86/platform: Make platform/geode/geos.c explicitly non-modular x86/platform: Make platform/intel-quark/imr_selftest.c explicitly non-modular x86/platform: Make platform/intel-quark/imr.c explicitly non-modular
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 mm updates from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes in this cycle were: - Enable full ASLR randomization for 32-bit programs (Hector Marco-Gisbert) - Add initial minimal INVPCI support, to flush global mappings (Andy Lutomirski) - Add KASAN enhancements (Andrey Ryabinin) - Fix mmiotrace for huge pages (Karol Herbst) - ... misc cleanups and small enhancements" * 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/mm/32: Enable full randomization on i386 and X86_32 x86/mm/kmmio: Fix mmiotrace for hugepages x86/mm: Avoid premature success when changing page attributes x86/mm/ptdump: Remove paravirt_enabled() x86/mm: Fix INVPCID asm constraint x86/dmi: Switch dmi_remap() from ioremap() [uncached] to ioremap_cache() x86/mm: If INVPCID is available, use it to flush global mappings x86/mm: Add a 'noinvpcid' boot option to turn off INVPCID x86/mm: Add INVPCID helpers x86/kasan: Write protect kasan zero shadow x86/kasan: Clear kasan_zero_page after TLB flush x86/mm/numa: Check for failures in numa_clear_kernel_node_hotplug() x86/mm/numa: Clean up numa_clear_kernel_node_hotplug() x86/mm: Make kmap_prot into a #define x86/mm/32: Set NX in __supported_pte_mask before enabling paging x86/mm: Streamline and restore probe_memory_block_size() -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 microcode updates from Ingo Molnar: "The biggest change in this cycle was the separation of the microcode loading mechanism from the initrd code plus the support of built-in microcode images. There were also lots cleanups and general restructuring (by Borislav Petkov)" * 'x86-microcode-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (24 commits) x86/microcode/intel: Drop orig_sum from ext signature checksum x86/microcode/intel: Improve microcode sanity-checking error messages x86/microcode/intel: Merge two consecutive if-statements x86/microcode/intel: Get rid of DWSIZE x86/microcode/intel: Change checksum variables to u32 x86/microcode: Use kmemdup() rather than duplicating its implementation x86/microcode: Remove unnecessary paravirt_enabled check x86/microcode: Document builtin microcode loading method x86/microcode/AMD: Issue microcode updated message later x86/microcode/intel: Cleanup get_matching_model_microcode() x86/microcode/intel: Remove unused arg of get_matching_model_microcode() x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_saved_in_initrd x86/microcode/intel: Use *wrmsrl variants x86/microcode/intel: Cleanup apply_microcode_intel() x86/microcode/intel: Move the BUG_ON up and turn it into WARN_ON x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_intel variable to mc x86/microcode/intel: Rename mc_saved_count to num_saved x86/microcode/intel: Rename local variables of type struct mc_saved_data x86/microcode/AMD: Drop redundant printk prefix x86/microcode: Issue update message only once ...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 fpu updates from Ingo Molnar: "The biggest change in terms of impact is the changing of the FPU context switch model to 'eagerfpu' for all CPU types, via: commit 58122bf1: "x86/fpu: Default eagerfpu=on on all CPUs" This makes all FPU saves and restores synchronous and makes the FPU code a lot more obvious to read. In the next cycle, if this change is problem free, we'll remove the old lazy FPU restore code altogether. This change flushed out some old bugs, which should all be fixed by now, BYMMV" * 'x86-fpu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/fpu: Default eagerfpu=on on all CPUs x86/fpu: Speed up lazy FPU restores slightly x86/fpu: Fold fpu_copy() into fpu__copy() x86/fpu: Fix FNSAVE usage in eagerfpu mode x86/fpu: Fix math emulation in eager fpu mode
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 build update from Ingo Molnar: "A single adjustment of a defconfig value" * 'x86-build-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/defconfigs/32: Set CONFIG_FRAME_WARN to the Kconfig default
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar: "Early command line options parsing enhancements from Dave Hansen, plus minor cleanups and enhancements" * 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/boot: Remove unused 'is_big_kernel' variable x86/boot: Use proper array element type in memset() size calculation x86/boot: Pass in size to early cmdline parsing x86/boot: Simplify early command line parsing x86/boot: Fix early command-line parsing when partial word matches x86/boot: Fix early command-line parsing when matching at end x86/boot: Simplify kernel load address alignment check x86/boot: Micro-optimize reset_early_page_tables()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull x86 asm updates from Ingo Molnar: "This is another big update. Main changes are: - lots of x86 system call (and other traps/exceptions) entry code enhancements. In particular the complex parts of the 64-bit entry code have been migrated to C code as well, and a number of dusty corners have been refreshed. (Andy Lutomirski) - vDSO special mapping robustification and general cleanups (Andy Lutomirski) - cpufeature refactoring, cleanups and speedups (Borislav Petkov) - lots of other changes ..." * 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (64 commits) x86/cpufeature: Enable new AVX-512 features x86/entry/traps: Show unhandled signal for i386 in do_trap() x86/entry: Call enter_from_user_mode() with IRQs off x86/entry/32: Change INT80 to be an interrupt gate x86/entry: Improve system call entry comments x86/entry: Remove TIF_SINGLESTEP entry work x86/entry/32: Add and check a stack canary for the SYSENTER stack x86/entry/32: Simplify and fix up the SYSENTER stack #DB/NMI fixup x86/entry: Only allocate space for tss_struct::SYSENTER_stack if needed x86/entry: Vastly simplify SYSENTER TF (single-step) handling x86/entry/traps: Clear DR6 early in do_debug() and improve the comment x86/entry/traps: Clear TIF_BLOCKSTEP on all debug exceptions x86/entry/32: Restore FLAGS on SYSEXIT x86/entry/32: Filter NT and speed up AC filtering in SYSENTER x86/entry/compat: In SYSENTER, sink AC clearing below the existing FLAGS test selftests/x86: In syscall_nt, test NT|TF as well x86/asm-offsets: Remove PARAVIRT_enabled x86/entry/32: Introduce and use X86_BUG_ESPFIX instead of paravirt_enabled uprobes: __create_xol_area() must nullify xol_mapping.fault x86/cpufeature: Create a new synthetic cpu capability for machine check recovery ... -
Vitaly Kuznetsov authored
When booting Hyper-V Generation 2 guests KASAN reports the following out-of-bounds access: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in fb_is_primary_device+0x58/0x70 at addr ffff880079cf0eb0 Read of size 8 by task swapper/0/1 ... [<ffffffff81581308>] dump_stack+0x63/0x8b [<ffffffff812e1f99>] print_trailer+0xf9/0x150 [<ffffffff812e7344>] object_err+0x34/0x40 [<ffffffff812e9630>] kasan_report_error+0x230/0x550 [<ffffffff812e9ee8>] kasan_report+0x58/0x60 [<ffffffff812e4500>] ? ___slab_alloc+0x80/0x490 [<ffffffff81878a28>] ? fb_is_primary_device+0x58/0x70 [<ffffffff812e87cd>] __asan_load8+0x5d/0x70 [<ffffffff81878a28>] fb_is_primary_device+0x58/0x70 [<ffffffff8162357a>] register_framebuffer+0xda/0x5b0 [<ffffffff816234a0>] ? remove_conflicting_framebuffers+0x50/0x50 ... The issue is caused by the to_pci_dev() call with no check that the given info->device is in fact a PCI device and some FB devices (Hyper-V FB, EFI FB,...) are not. While on it, clean up the function. Signed-off-by:
Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com> Acked-by:
Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <helgaas@kernel.org> Cc: Cathy Avery <cavery@redhat.com> Cc: K. Y. Srinivasan <kys@microsoft.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1458030033-10122-1-git-send-email-vkuznets@redhat.comSigned-off-by:
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Ingo Molnar authored
Signed-off-by: -
Ingo Molnar authored
Conflicts: kernel/rcu/tree.c Signed-off-by: -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull NOHZ updates from Ingo Molnar: "NOHZ enhancements, by Frederic Weisbecker, which reorganizes/refactors the NOHZ 'can the tick be stopped?' infrastructure and related code to be data driven, and harmonizes the naming and handling of all the various properties" [ This makes the ugly "fetch_or()" macro that the scheduler used internally a new generic helper, and does a bad job at it. I'm pulling it, but I've asked Ingo and Frederic to get this fixed up ] * 'timers-nohz-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: sched-clock: Migrate to use new tick dependency mask model posix-cpu-timers: Migrate to use new tick dependency mask model sched: Migrate sched to use new tick dependency mask model sched: Account rr tasks perf: Migrate perf to use new tick dependency mask model nohz: Use enum code for tick stop failure tracing message nohz: New tick dependency mask nohz: Implement wide kick on top of irq work atomic: Export fetch_or()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes in this cycle are: - Make schedstats a runtime tunable (disabled by default) and optimize it via static keys. As most distributions enable CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS=y due to its instrumentation value, this is a nice performance enhancement. (Mel Gorman) - Implement 'simple waitqueues' (swait): these are just pure waitqueues without any of the more complex features of full-blown waitqueues (callbacks, wake flags, wake keys, etc.). Simple waitqueues have less memory overhead and are faster. Use simple waitqueues in the RCU code (in 4 different places) and for handling KVM vCPU wakeups. (Peter Zijlstra, Daniel Wagner, Thomas Gleixner, Paul Gortmaker, Marcelo Tosatti) - sched/numa enhancements (Rik van Riel) - NOHZ performance enhancements (Rik van Riel) - Various sched/deadline enhancements (Steven Rostedt) - Various fixes (Peter Zijlstra) - ... and a number of other fixes, cleanups and smaller enhancements" * 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (29 commits) sched/cputime: Fix steal_account_process_tick() to always return jiffies sched/deadline: Remove dl_new from struct sched_dl_entity Revert "kbuild: Add option to turn incompatible pointer check into error" sched/deadline: Remove superfluous call to switched_to_dl() sched/debug: Fix preempt_disable_ip recording for preempt_disable() sched, time: Switch VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN to jiffy granularity time, acct: Drop irq save & restore from __acct_update_integrals() acct, time: Change indentation in __acct_update_integrals() sched, time: Remove non-power-of-two divides from __acct_update_integrals() sched/rt: Kick RT bandwidth timer immediately on start up sched/debug: Add deadline scheduler bandwidth ratio to /proc/sched_debug sched/debug: Move sched_domain_sysctl to debug.c sched/debug: Move the /sys/kernel/debug/sched_features file setup into debug.c sched/rt: Fix PI handling vs. sched_setscheduler() sched/core: Remove duplicated sched_group_set_shares() prototype sched/fair: Consolidate nohz CPU load update code sched/fair: Avoid using decay_load_missed() with a negative value sched/deadline: Always calculate end of period on sched_yield() sched/cgroup: Fix cgroup entity load tracking tear-down rcu: Use simple wait queues where possible in rcutree ... -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull RAS updates from Ingo Molnar: "Various RAS updates: - AMD MCE support updates for future CPUs, fixes and 'SMCA' (Scalable MCA) error decoding support (Aravind Gopalakrishnan) - x86 memcpy_mcsafe() support, to enable smart(er) hardware error recovery in NVDIMM drivers, based on an extension of the x86 exception handling code. (Tony Luck)" * 'ras-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: EDAC/sb_edac: Fix computation of channel address x86/mm, x86/mce: Add memcpy_mcsafe() x86/mce/AMD: Document some functionality x86/mce: Clarify comments regarding deferred error x86/mce/AMD: Fix logic to obtain block address x86/mce/AMD, EDAC: Enable error decoding of Scalable MCA errors x86/mce: Move MCx_CONFIG MSR definitions x86/mce: Check for faults tagged in EXTABLE_CLASS_FAULT exception table entries x86/mm: Expand the exception table logic to allow new handling options x86/mce/AMD: Set MCAX Enable bit x86/mce/AMD: Carve out threshold block preparation x86/mce/AMD: Fix LVT offset configuration for thresholding x86/mce/AMD: Reduce number of blocks scanned per bank x86/mce/AMD: Do not perform shared bank check for future processors x86/mce: Fix order of AMD MCE init function call -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull perf updates from Ingo Molnar: "Main kernel side changes: - Big reorganization of the x86 perf support code. The old code grew organically deep inside arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf* and its naming became somewhat messy. The new location is under arch/x86/events/, using the following cleaner hierarchy of source code files: perf/x86: Move perf_event.c .................. => x86/events/core.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_amd.c .............. => x86/events/amd/core.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_amd_ibs.c .......... => x86/events/amd/ibs.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_amd_iommu.[ch] ..... => x86/events/amd/iommu.[ch] perf/x86: Move perf_event_amd_uncore.c ....... => x86/events/amd/uncore.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_bts.c ........ => x86/events/intel/bts.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel.c ............ => x86/events/intel/core.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_cqm.c ........ => x86/events/intel/cqm.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_cstate.c ..... => x86/events/intel/cstate.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_ds.c ......... => x86/events/intel/ds.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_lbr.c ........ => x86/events/intel/lbr.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_pt.[ch] ...... => x86/events/intel/pt.[ch] perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_rapl.c ....... => x86/events/intel/rapl.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_uncore.[ch] .. => x86/events/intel/uncore.[ch] perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_uncore_nhmex.c => x86/events/intel/uncore_nmhex.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_uncore_snb.c => x86/events/intel/uncore_snb.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_intel_uncore_snbep.c => x86/events/intel/uncore_snbep.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_knc.c .............. => x86/events/intel/knc.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_p4.c ............... => x86/events/intel/p4.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_p6.c ............... => x86/events/intel/p6.c perf/x86: Move perf_event_msr.c .............. => x86/events/msr.c (Borislav Petkov) - Update various x86 PMU constraint and hw support details (Stephane Eranian) - Optimize kprobes for BPF execution (Martin KaFai Lau) - Rewrite, refactor and fix the Intel uncore PMU driver code (Thomas Gleixner) - Rewrite, refactor and fix the Intel RAPL PMU code (Thomas Gleixner) - Various fixes and smaller cleanups. There are lots of perf tooling updates as well. A few highlights: perf report/top: - Hierarchy histogram mode for 'perf top' and 'perf report', showing multiple levels, one per --sort entry: (Namhyung Kim) On a mostly idle system: # perf top --hierarchy -s comm,dso Then expand some levels and use 'P' to take a snapshot: # cat perf.hist.0 - 92.32% perf 58.20% perf 22.29% libc-2.22.so 5.97% [kernel] 4.18% libelf-0.165.so 1.69% [unknown] - 4.71% qemu-system-x86 3.10% [kernel] 1.60% qemu-system-x86_64 (deleted) + 2.97% swapper # - Add 'L' hotkey to dynamicly set the percent threshold for histogram entries and callchains, i.e. dynamicly do what the --percent-limit command line option to 'top' and 'report' does. (Namhyung Kim) perf mem: - Allow specifying events via -e in 'perf mem record', also listing what events can be specified via 'perf mem record -e list' (Jiri Olsa) perf record: - Add 'perf record' --all-user/--all-kernel options, so that one can tell that all the events in the command line should be restricted to the user or kernel levels (Jiri Olsa), i.e.: perf record -e cycles:u,instructions:u is equivalent to: perf record --all-user -e cycles,instructions - Make 'perf record' collect CPU cache info in the perf.data file header: $ perf record usleep 1 [ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ] [ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.017 MB perf.data (7 samples) ] $ perf report --header-only -I | tail -10 | head -8 # CPU cache info: # L1 Data 32K [0-1] # L1 Instruction 32K [0-1] # L1 Data 32K [2-3] # L1 Instruction 32K [2-3] # L2 Unified 256K [0-1] # L2 Unified 256K [2-3] # L3 Unified 4096K [0-3] Will be used in 'perf c2c' and eventually in 'perf diff' to allow, for instance running the same workload in multiple machines and then when using 'diff' show the hardware difference. (Jiri Olsa) - Improved support for Java, using the JVMTI agent library to do jitdumps that then will be inserted in synthesized PERF_RECORD_MMAP2 events via 'perf inject' pointed to synthesized ELF files stored in ~/.debug and keyed with build-ids, to allow symbol resolution and even annotation with source line info, see the changeset comments to see how to use it (Stephane Eranian) perf script/trace: - Decode data_src values (e.g. perf.data files generated by 'perf mem record') in 'perf script': (Jiri Olsa) # perf script perf 693 [1] 4.088652: 1 cpu/mem-loads,ldlat=30/P: ffff88007d0b0f40 68100142 L1 hit|SNP None|TLB L1 or L2 hit|LCK No <SNIP> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - Improve support to 'data_src', 'weight' and 'addr' fields in 'perf script' (Jiri Olsa) - Handle empty print fmts in 'perf script -s' i.e. when running python or perl scripts (Taeung Song) perf stat: - 'perf stat' now shows shadow metrics (insn per cycle, etc) in interval mode too. E.g: # perf stat -I 1000 -e instructions,cycles sleep 1 # time counts unit events 1.000215928 519,620 instructions # 0.69 insn per cycle 1.000215928 752,003 cycles <SNIP> - Port 'perf kvm stat' to PowerPC (Hemant Kumar) - Implement CSV metrics output in 'perf stat' (Andi Kleen) perf BPF support: - Support converting data from bpf events in 'perf data' (Wang Nan) - Print bpf-output events in 'perf script': (Wang Nan). # perf record -e bpf-output/no-inherit,name=evt/ -e ./test_bpf_output_3.c/map:channel.event=evt/ usleep 1000 # perf script usleep 4882 21384.532523: evt: ffffffff810e97d1 sys_nanosleep ([kernel.kallsyms]) BPF output: 0000: 52 61 69 73 65 20 61 20 Raise a 0008: 42 50 46 20 65 76 65 6e BPF even 0010: 74 21 00 00 t!.. BPF string: "Raise a BPF event!" # - Add API to set values of map entries in a BPF object, be it individual map slots or ranges (Wang Nan) - Introduce support for the 'bpf-output' event (Wang Nan) - Add glue to read perf events in a BPF program (Wang Nan) - Improve support for bpf-output events in 'perf trace' (Wang Nan) ... and tons of other changes as well - see the shortlog and git log for details!" * 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (342 commits) perf stat: Add --metric-only support for -A perf stat: Implement --metric-only mode perf stat: Document CSV format in manpage perf hists browser: Check sort keys before hot key actions perf hists browser: Allow thread filtering for comm sort key perf tools: Add sort__has_comm variable perf tools: Recalc total periods using top-level entries in hierarchy perf tools: Remove nr_sort_keys field perf hists browser: Cleanup hist_browser__fprintf_hierarchy_entry() perf tools: Remove hist_entry->fmt field perf tools: Fix command line filters in hierarchy mode perf tools: Add more sort entry check functions perf tools: Fix hist_entry__filter() for hierarchy perf jitdump: Build only on supported archs tools lib traceevent: Add '~' operation within arg_num_eval() perf tools: Omit unnecessary cast in perf_pmu__parse_scale perf tools: Pass perf_hpp_list all the way through setup_sort_list perf tools: Fix perf script python database export crash perf jitdump: DWARF is also needed perf bench mem: Prepare the x86-64 build for upstream memcpy_mcsafe() changes ...
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- 14 Mar, 2016 4 commits
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull read-only kernel memory updates from Ingo Molnar: "This tree adds two (security related) enhancements to the kernel's handling of read-only kernel memory: - extend read-only kernel memory to a new class of formerly writable kernel data: 'post-init read-only memory' via the __ro_after_init attribute, and mark the ARM and x86 vDSO as such read-only memory. This kind of attribute can be used for data that requires a once per bootup initialization sequence, but is otherwise never modified after that point. This feature was based on the work by PaX Team and Brad Spengler. (by Kees Cook, the ARM vDSO bits by David Brown.) - make CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA always enabled on x86 and remove the Kconfig option. This simplifies the kernel and also signals that read-only memory is the default model and a first-class citizen. (Kees Cook)" * 'mm-readonly-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: ARM/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init x86/vdso: Mark the vDSO code read-only after init lkdtm: Verify that '__ro_after_init' works correctly arch: Introduce post-init read-only memory x86/mm: Always enable CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA and remove the Kconfig option mm/init: Add 'rodata=off' boot cmdline parameter to disable read-only kernel mappings asm-generic: Consolidate mark_rodata_ro() -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull dma_*_writecombine rename from Ingo Molnar: "Rename dma_*_writecombine() to dma_*_wc() This is a tree-wide API rename, to move the dma_*() write-combining APIs closer in name to their usual API families. (The old API names are kept as compatibility wrappers to not introduce extra breakage.) The patch was Coccinelle generated" * 'mm-pat-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: dma, mm/pat: Rename dma_*_writecombine() to dma_*_wc()
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull locking changes from Ingo Molnar: "Various updates: - Futex scalability improvements: remove page lock use for shared futex get_futex_key(), which speeds up 'perf bench futex hash' benchmarks by over 40% on a 60-core Westmere. This makes anon-mem shared futexes perform close to private futexes. (Mel Gorman) - lockdep hash collision detection and fix (Alfredo Alvarez Fernandez) - lockdep testing enhancements (Alfredo Alvarez Fernandez) - robustify lockdep init by using hlists (Andrew Morton, Andrey Ryabinin) - mutex and csd_lock micro-optimizations (Davidlohr Bueso) - small x86 barriers tweaks (Michael S Tsirkin) - qspinlock updates (Waiman Long)" * 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (25 commits) locking/csd_lock: Use smp_cond_acquire() in csd_lock_wait() locking/csd_lock: Explicitly inline csd_lock*() helpers futex: Replace barrier() in unqueue_me() with READ_ONCE() locking/lockdep: Detect chain_key collisions locking/lockdep: Prevent chain_key collisions tools/lib/lockdep: Fix link creation warning tools/lib/lockdep: Add tests for AA and ABBA locking tools/lib/lockdep: Add userspace version of READ_ONCE() tools/lib/lockdep: Fix the build on recent kernels locking/qspinlock: Move __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED to qspinlock_types.h locking/mutex: Allow next waiter lockless wakeup locking/pvqspinlock: Enable slowpath locking count tracking locking/qspinlock: Use smp_cond_acquire() in pending code locking/pvqspinlock: Move lock stealing count tracking code into pv_queued_spin_steal_lock() locking/mcs: Fix mcs_spin_lock() ordering futex: Remove requirement for lock_page() in get_futex_key() futex: Rename barrier references in ordering guarantees locking/atomics: Update comment about READ_ONCE() and structures locking/lockdep: Eliminate lockdep_init() locking/lockdep: Convert hash tables to hlists ... -
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds authored
Pull ram resource handling changes from Ingo Molnar: "Core kernel resource handling changes to support NVDIMM error injection. This tree introduces a new I/O resource type, IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM, for System RAM while keeping the current IORESOURCE_MEM type bit set for all memory-mapped ranges (including System RAM) for backward compatibility. With this resource flag it no longer takes a strcmp() loop through the resource tree to find "System RAM" resources. The new resource type is then used to extend ACPI/APEI error injection facility to also support NVDIMM" * 'core-resources-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: ACPI/EINJ: Allow memory error injection to NVDIMM resource: Kill walk_iomem_res() x86/kexec: Remove walk_iomem_res() call with GART type x86, kexec, nvdimm: Use walk_iomem_res_desc() for iomem search resource: Add walk_iomem_res_desc() memremap: Change region_intersects() to take @flags and @desc arm/samsung: Change s3c_pm_run_res() to use System RAM type resource: Change walk_system_ram() to use System RAM type drivers: Initialize resource entry to zero xen, mm: Set IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM to System RAM kexec: Set IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM for System RAM arch: Set IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM flag for System RAM ia64: Set System RAM type and descriptor x86/e820: Set System RAM type and descriptor resource: Add I/O resource descriptor resource: Handle resource flags properly resource: Add System RAM resource type
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