This patch introduces two in-kernel drivers for Xen transcendent memory
("tmem") functionality that complement cleancache and frontswap.  Both
use control theory to dynamically adjust and optimize memory utilization.
Selfballooning controls the in-kernel Xen balloon driver, targeting a goal
value (vm_committed_as), thus pushing less frequently used clean
page cache pages (through the cleancache code) into Xen tmem where
Xen can balance needs across all VMs residing on the physical machine.
Frontswap-selfshrinking controls the number of pages in frontswap,
driving it towards zero (effectively doing a partial swapoff) when
in-kernel memory pressure subsides, freeing up RAM for other VMs.

More detail is provided in the header comment of xen-selfballooning.c.
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>

[v8: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: set default enablement depending on frontswap]
[v7: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: fix capitalization and punctuation in comments]
[v6: fix frontswap-selfshrinking initialization]
[v6: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: fix init pr_infos; add comments about swap]
[v5: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: add NULL to attr list; move inits up to decls]
[v4: dkiper@net-space.pl: use strict_strtoul plus a few syntactic nits]
[v3: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: fix potential divides-by-zero]
[v3: konrad.wilk@oracle.com: add many more comments, fix nits]
[v2: rebased to linux-3.0-rc1]
[v2: Ian.Campbell@citrix.com: reorganize as new file (xen-selfballoon.c)]
[v2: dkiper@net-space.pl: proper access to vm_committed_as]
[v2: dkiper@net-space.pl: accounting fixes]
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>

.. except there are various scripts that really know that there are
three numbers, so it calls itself "3.0.0-rc1".

Hopefully by the time the final 3.0 is out, we'll have that extra zero
all figured out.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ecryptfs/ecryptfs-2.6:
  eCryptfs: Remove ecryptfs_header_cache_2
  eCryptfs: Cleanup and optimize ecryptfs_lookup_interpose()
  eCryptfs: Return useful code from contains_ecryptfs_marker
  eCryptfs: Fix new inode race condition
  eCryptfs: Cleanup inode initialization code
  eCryptfs: Consolidate inode functions into inode.c

* 'pnfs-submit' of git://git.open-osd.org/linux-open-osd: (32 commits)
  pnfs-obj: pg_test check for max_io_size
  NFSv4.1: define nfs_generic_pg_test
  NFSv4.1: use pnfs_generic_pg_test directly by layout driver
  NFSv4.1: change pg_test return type to bool
  NFSv4.1: unify pnfs_pageio_init functions
  pnfs-obj: objlayout_encode_layoutcommit implementation
  pnfs: encode_layoutcommit
  pnfs-obj: report errors and .encode_layoutreturn Implementation.
  pnfs: encode_layoutreturn
  pnfs: layoutret_on_setattr
  pnfs: layoutreturn
  pnfs-obj: osd raid engine read/write implementation
  pnfs: support for non-rpc layout drivers
  pnfs-obj: define per-inode private structure
  pnfs: alloc and free layout_hdr layoutdriver methods
  pnfs-obj: objio_osd device information retrieval and caching
  pnfs-obj: decode layout, alloc/free lseg
  pnfs-obj: pnfs_osd XDR client implementation
  pnfs-obj: pnfs_osd XDR definitions
  pnfs-obj: objlayoutdriver module skeleton
  ...

We had a few drivers move from arch/arm into drivers/gpio, but they
don't actually compile without the ARM platform headers etc.  As a
result they were messing up allyesconfig on x86.

Make them depend on ARM.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Now that ecryptfs_lookup_interpose() is no longer using
ecryptfs_header_cache_2 to read in metadata, the kmem_cache can be
removed and the ecryptfs_header_cache_1 kmem_cache can be renamed to
ecryptfs_header_cache.
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

ecryptfs_lookup_interpose() has turned into spaghetti code over the
years. This is an effort to clean it up.

 - Shorten overly descriptive variable names such as ecryptfs_dentry
 - Simplify gotos and error paths
 - Create helper function for reading plaintext i_size from metadata

It also includes an optimization when reading i_size from the metadata.
A complete page-sized kmem_cache_alloc() was being done to read in 16
bytes of metadata. The buffer for that is now statically declared.
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Instead of having the calling functions translate the true/false return
code to either 0 or -EINVAL, have contains_ecryptfs_marker() return 0 or
-EINVAL so that the calling functions can just reuse the return code.

Also, rename the function to ecryptfs_validate_marker() to avoid callers
mistakenly thinking that it returns true/false codes.
Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Only unlock and d_add() new inodes after the plaintext inode size has
been read from the lower filesystem. This fixes a race condition that
was sometimes seen during a multi-job kernel build in an eCryptfs mount.

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=36002Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reported-by: David <david@unsolicited.net>
Tested-by: David <david@unsolicited.net>

Merge branch 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mjg59/platform-drivers-x86

* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mjg59/platform-drivers-x86: (43 commits)
  acer-wmi: support integer return type from WMI methods
  msi-laptop: fix section mismatch in reference from the function load_scm_model_init
  acer-wmi: support to set communication device state by new wmid method
  acer-wmi: allow 64-bits return buffer from WMI methods
  acer-wmi: check the existence of internal 3G device when set capability
  platform/x86:delete two unused variables
  support wlan hotkey on Acer Travelmate 5735Z
  platform-x86: intel_mid_thermal: Fix memory leak
  platform/x86: Fix Makefile for intel_mid_powerbtn
  platform/x86: Simplify intel_mid_powerbtn
  acer-wmi: Delete out-of-date documentation
  acerhdf: Clean up includes
  acerhdf: Drop pointless dependency on THERMAL_HWMON
  acer-wmi: Update MAINTAINERS
  wmi: Orphan ACPI-WMI driver
  tc1100-wmi: Orphan driver
  acer-wmi: does not allow negative number set to initial device state
  platform/oaktrail: ACPI EC Extra driver for Oaktrail
  thinkpad_acpi: Convert printks to pr_<level>
  thinkpad_acpi: Correct !CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI_VIDEO warning
  ...

Thomas Gleixner reports that we now have a boot crash triggered by
CONFIG_CPUMASK_OFFSTACK=y:

    BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at   (null)
    IP: [<c11ae035>] find_next_bit+0x55/0xb0
    Call Trace:
     [<c11addda>] cpumask_any_but+0x2a/0x70
     [<c102396b>] flush_tlb_mm+0x2b/0x80
     [<c1022705>] pud_populate+0x35/0x50
     [<c10227ba>] pgd_alloc+0x9a/0xf0
     [<c103a3fc>] mm_init+0xec/0x120
     [<c103a7a3>] mm_alloc+0x53/0xd0

which was introduced by commit de03c72c ("mm: convert
mm->cpu_vm_cpumask into cpumask_var_t"), and is due to wrong ordering of
mm_init() vs mm_init_cpumask

Thomas wrote a patch to just fix the ordering of initialization, but I
hate the new double allocation in the fork path, so I ended up instead
doing some more radical surgery to clean it all up.
Reported-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* 'for-linus' of git://git390.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6:
  [S390] mm: fix mmu_gather rework
  [S390] mm: fix storage key handling

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmetcalf/linux-tile:
  arch/tile: more /proc and /sys file support

* 'for-2.6.40' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (22 commits)
  nfsd: make local functions static
  NFSD: Remove unused variable from nfsd4_decode_bind_conn_to_session()
  NFSD: Check status from nfsd4_map_bcts_dir()
  NFSD: Remove setting unused variable in nfsd_vfs_read()
  nfsd41: error out on repeated RECLAIM_COMPLETE
  nfsd41: compare request's opcnt with session's maxops at nfsd4_sequence
  nfsd v4.1 lOCKT clientid field must be ignored
  nfsd41: add flag checking for create_session
  nfsd41: make sure nfs server process OPEN with EXCLUSIVE4_1 correctly
  nfsd4: fix wrongsec handling for PUTFH + op cases
  nfsd4: make fh_verify responsibility of nfsd_lookup_dentry caller
  nfsd4: introduce OPDESC helper
  nfsd4: allow fh_verify caller to skip pseudoflavor checks
  nfsd: distinguish functions of NFSD_MAY_* flags
  svcrpc: complete svsk processing on cb receive failure
  svcrpc: take advantage of tcp autotuning
  SUNRPC: Don't wait for full record to receive tcp data
  svcrpc: copy cb reply instead of pages
  svcrpc: close connection if client sends short packet
  svcrpc: note network-order types in svc_process_calldir
  ...

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/agk/linux-2.6-dm:
  dm kcopyd: return client directly and not through a pointer
  dm kcopyd: reserve fewer pages
  dm io: use fixed initial mempool size
  dm kcopyd: alloc pages from the main page allocator
  dm kcopyd: add gfp parm to alloc_pl
  dm kcopyd: remove superfluous page allocation spinlock
  dm kcopyd: preallocate sub jobs to avoid deadlock
  dm kcopyd: avoid pointless job splitting
  dm mpath: do not fail paths after integrity errors
  dm table: reject devices without request fns
  dm table: allow targets to support discards internally

* 'nfs-for-2.6.40' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6:
  SUNRPC: Support for RPC over AF_LOCAL transports
  SUNRPC: Remove obsolete comment
  SUNRPC: Use AF_LOCAL for rpcbind upcalls
  SUNRPC: Clean up use of curly braces in switch cases
  NFS: Revert NFSROOT default mount options
  SUNRPC: Rename xs_encode_tcp_fragment_header()
  nfs,rcu: convert call_rcu(nfs_free_delegation_callback) to kfree_rcu()
  nfs41: Correct offset for LAYOUTCOMMIT
  NFS: nfs_update_inode: print current and new inode size in debug output
  NFSv4.1: Fix the handling of NFS4ERR_SEQ_MISORDERED errors
  NFSv4: Handle expired stateids when the lease is still valid
  SUNRPC: Deal with the lack of a SYN_SENT sk->sk_state_change callback...

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pkl/squashfs-linus:
  Squashfs: Fix sanity check patches on big-endian systems

* 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-acpi-2.6:
  ACPI EC: remove redundant code
  ACPI: Add D3 cold state
  ACPI: processor: fix processor_physically_present in UP kernel
  ACPI: Split out custom_method functionality into an own driver
  ACPI: Cleanup custom_method debug stuff
  ACPI EC: enable MSI workaround for Quanta laptops
  ACPICA: Update to version 20110413
  ACPICA: Execute an orphan _REG method under the EC device
  ACPICA: Move ACPI_NUM_PREDEFINED_REGIONS to a more appropriate place
  ACPICA: Update internal address SpaceID for DataTable regions
  ACPICA: Add more methods eligible for NULL package element removal
  ACPICA: Split all internal Global Lock functions to new file - evglock
  ACPI: EC: add another DMI check for ASUS hardware
  ACPI EC: remove dead code
  ACPICA: Fix code divergence of global lock handling
  ACPICA: Use acpi_os_create_lock interface
  ACPI: osl, add acpi_os_create_lock interface
  ACPI:Fix goto flows in thermal-sys

* 'idle-release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-idle-2.6:
  x86 idle: deprecate mwait_idle() and "idle=mwait" cmdline param
  x86 idle: deprecate "no-hlt" cmdline param
  x86 idle APM: deprecate CONFIG_APM_CPU_IDLE
  x86 idle floppy: deprecate disable_hlt()
  x86 idle: EXPORT_SYMBOL(default_idle, pm_idle) only when APM demands it
  x86 idle: clarify AMD erratum 400 workaround
  idle governor: Avoid lock acquisition to read pm_qos before entering idle
  cpuidle: menu: fixed wrapping timers at 4.294 seconds

Commit 1495f230 ("vmscan: change shrinker API by passing
shrink_control struct") changed the API of ->shrink(), but missed ubifs
and cifs instances.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Implement pg_test vector to test for max IO sizes. We calculate
a max_io_size member only once, and cache it in lseg so to not
do so on every page insert.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[simplify logic]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

By default, unless pnfs is used coalesce pages until pg_bsize
(rsize or wsize) is reached.

pnfs layout drivers define their own pg_test methods that use
pnfs_generic_pg_test and need to define their own I/O size
limits (e.g. based on the file stripe size).

[Move a check from nfs_pageio_do_add_request to nfs_generic_pg_test]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Use common code for pnfs_pageio_init_{read,write} and use
a common generic pg_test function.

Note that this function always assumes the the layout driver's
pg_test method is implemented.

[Fix BUG]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

* Define API for io-engines to report delta_space_used in IOs
* Encode the osd-layout specific information of the layoutcommit
  XDR buffer.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Add a layout driver method to encode the layout type specific
opaque part of layout commit in-line in the xdr stream.

Currently, the pnfs-objects layout driver uses it to encode metadata hints
to the MDS and the blocks layout driver to commit provisionally allocated
extents to the file.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

An io_state pre-allocates an error information structure for each
possible osd-device that might error during IO. When IO is done if all
was well the io_state is freed. (as today). If the I/O has ended with an
error, the io_state is queued on a per-layout err_list. When eventually
encode_layoutreturn() is called, each error is properly encoded on the
XDR buffer and only then the io_state is removed from err_list and
de-allocated.

It is up to the io_engine to fill in the segment that fault and the type
of osd_error that occurred. By calling objlayout_io_set_result() for
each failing device.

In objio_osd:
* Allocate io-error descriptors space as part of io_state
* Use generic objlayout error reporting at end of io.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Add a layout driver method to encode the layout type specific
opaque part of layout return in-line in the xdr stream.

Currently the pnfs-objects layout driver uses it to encode i/o error
information on LAYOUTRETURN.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
[fixup layout header pointer for encode_layoutreturn]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

With the objects layout security model, we have object capabilities
that are associated with the layout and we anticipate that the server
will issue a cb_layoutrecall for any setattr that changes security
related attributes (user/group/mode/acl) or truncates the file.

Therefore, the layout is returned before issuing the setattr to avoid
the anticipated cb_layoutrecall.
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

NFSv4.1 LAYOUTRETURN implementation

Currently, does not support layout-type payload encoding.
Signed-off-by: Alexandros Batsakis <batsakis@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Dean Hildebrand <dhildeb@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Fred Isaman <iisaman@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Fred Isaman <iisaman@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Eshel <eshel@almaden.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhang Jingwang <zhangjingwang@nrchpc.ac.cn>
[call pnfs_return_layout right before pnfs_destroy_layout]
[remove assert_spin_locked from pnfs_clear_lseg_list]
[remove wait parameter from the layoutreturn path.]
[remove return_type field from nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
[remove range from nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
[no need to send layoutcommit from _pnfs_return_layout]
[don't wait on sync layoutreturn]
[fix layout stateid in layoutreturn args]
[fixed NULL deref in _pnfs_return_layout]
[removed recaim member of nfs4_layoutreturn_args]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

With the use of the in-kernel osd library. Implement read/write
of data from/to osd-objects according to information specified
in the objects-layout.

Support for stripping over mirrors with a received stripe_unit.
There are however a few constrains which are not supported:
 1. Stripe Unit must be a multiple of PAGE_SIZE
 2. stripe length (stripe_unit * number_of_stripes) can not be
    bigger then 32bit.

Also support raid-groups and partial-layout. Partial-layout is
when not all the groups are received on the line, addressing
only a partial range of the file.

TODO:
  Only raid0! raid 4/5/6 support will come at later stage

A none supported layout will send IO through the MDS

[Important fallout from the last rebase]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

Non-rpc layout driver such as for objects and blocks
implement their own I/O path and error handling logic.
Therefore bypass NFS-based error handling for these layout drivers.

[fix lseg ref-count bugs, and null de-refs]
[Fall out from: non-rpc layout drivers]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[get rid of PNFS_USE_RPC_CODE]
[get rid of __nfs4_write_done_cb]
[revert useless change in nfs4_write_done_cb]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

allocate and deallocate per-inode private pnfs_layout_hdr
in preparation for I/O implementation.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

[gfp_flags]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

When a new layout is received in objio_alloc_lseg all device_ids
referenced are retrieved. The device information is queried for from MDS
and then the osd_device is looked-up from the osd-initiator library. The
devices are cached in a per-mount-point list, for later use. At unmount
all devices are "put" back to the library.

objlayout_get_deviceinfo(), objlayout_put_deviceinfo() middleware
API for retrieving device information given a device_id.

TODO: The device cache can get big. Cap its size. Keep an LRU and start
      to return devices which were not used, when list gets to big, or
      when new entries allocation fail.

[pnfs-obj: Bugs in new global-device-cache code]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
[use global device cache]
[use layout driver in global device cache]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

objlayout_alloc_lseg prepares an xdr_stream and calls the
raid engins objio_alloc_lseg() to allocate a private
pnfs_layout_segment.

objio_osd.c::objio_alloc_lseg() uses passed xdr_stream to
decode and store the layout_segment information in an
objio_segment struct, using the pnfs_osd_xdr.h API for
the actual parsing the layout xdr.

objlayout_free_lseg calls objio_free_lseg() to free the
allocated space.
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
[gfp_flags]
[removed "extern" from function definitions]
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

* Add the fs/nfs/objlayout/pnfs_osd_xdr_cli.c file, which will
  include the XDR encode/decode implementations for the pNFS
  client objlayout driver.

[Wrong type in comments]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>

* Add the pnfs_osd_xdr.h header

* defintions the pnfs_osd_layout structure including all it's
  sub-types and constants.
* Declare the pnfs_osd_xdr_decode_layout API + all needed
  inline helpers.

* Define the pnfs_osd_deviceaddr structure and all its subtypes and
  constants.
* Declare API for decoding of a pnfs_osd_deviceaddr from XDR stream.

* Define the pnfs_osd_ioerr structure, its substructures and constants.
* Declare API for encoding of a pnfs_osd_ioerr into XDR stream.

* Define the pnfs_osd_layoutupdate structure and its substructures.
* Declare API for encoding of a pnfs_osd_layoutupdate into XDR stream.

[Remove server definitions]
Signed-off-by: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
Signed-off-by: Benny Halevy <bhalevy@panasas.com>