- fix assorted (harmless) off-by-one errors
- we were inconsistent on whether out->pos stays <= out->size on
  overflow; now it does, and printbuf.overflow exists to indicate if a
  printbuf has overflowed
- factor out printbuf_advance_pos()
- printbuf_nul_terminate_reserved(); use this to reduce the number of
  printbuf_make_room() calls
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

We need to be able to test these paths in dry run mode.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

When a superblock write is silently dropped or it's been modified by
another process we need to know which device it was.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Fix another shift-by-64 by factoring out a common helper for
bch2_bkey_format_invalid() and bformat_needs_redo() (where it was
already fixed).

Reported-by: syzbot+9833a1d29d4a44361e2c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Btree nodes are log structured; thus, we need to emit whiteouts when
we're deleting a key that's been written out to disk.

k->needs_whiteout tracks whether a key will need a whiteout when it's
deleted, and this requires some careful handling; e.g. the key we're
deleting may not have been written out to disk, but it may have
overwritten a key that was - thus we need to carry this flag around on
overwrites.

Invariants:
There may be multiple key for the same position in a given node (because
of overwrites), but only one of them will be a live (non deleted) key,
and only one key for a given position will have the needs_whiteout flag
set.

Additionally, we don't want to carry around whiteouts that need to be
written in the main searchable part of a btree node - btree_iter_peek()
will have to skip past them, and this can lead to an O(n^2) issues when
doing sequential deletions (e.g. inode rm/truncate). So there's a
separate region in the btree node buffer for unwritten whiteouts; these
are merge sorted with the rest of the keys we're writing in the btree
node write path.

The unwritten whiteouts was a later optimization that bch2_sort_keys()
didn't take into account; the unwritten whiteouts area means that we
never have deleted keys with needs_whiteout set in the main searchable
part of a btree node.

That means we can simplify and optimize some sort paths, and eliminate
an assertion that syzbot found:

- Unless we're in the btree node write path, it's always ok to drop
  whiteouts when sorting
- When sorting for a btree node write, we drop the whiteout if it's not
  from the unwritten whiteouts area, or if it's overwritten by a real
  key at the same position.

This completely eliminates some tricky logic for propagating the
needs_whiteout flag: syzbot was able to hit the assertion that checked
that there shouldn't be more than one key at the same pos with
needs_whiteout set, likely due to a combination of flipping on
needs_whiteout on all written keys (they need whiteouts if overwritten),
combined with not always dropping unneeded whiteouts, and the tricky
logic in the sort path for preserving needs_whiteout that wasn't really
needed.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

bch2_write_super() was looping over online devices multiple times -
dropping and retaking io_ref each time.

This meant it could race with device removal; it could increment the
sequence number on a device but fail to write it - and then if the
device was re-added, it would get confused the next time around thinking
a superblock write was silently dropped.

Fix this by taking io_ref once, and stashing pointers to online devices
in a darray.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Define a constant for the max superblock size, to avoid a too-large
shift.

Reported-by: syzbot+a8b0fb419355c91dda7f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

bch2_fs_quota_read_inode() wasn't entirely updated to the
bch2_snapshot_tree() helper, which takes rcu lock.

Reported-by: syzbot+a3a9a61224ed3b7f0010@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Ancient versions of bcachefs produced packed formats that could
represent keys that our in memory format cannot represent;
bformat_needs_redo() has some tricky shifts to check for this sort of
overflow.

Reported-by: syzbot+594427aebfefeebe91c6@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

For forwards compatibility we have to allow unknown key types, and only
run the checks that make sense against them.

Fix a missing guard on k.k->type being known.

Reported-by: syzbot+ae4dc916da3ce51f284f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

We were forgetting to check for jset entries that overrun the end of the
section - both in validate and to_text(); to_text() needs to be safe for
types that fail to validate.

Reported-by: syzbot+c48865e11e7e893ec4ab@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Reported-by: syzbot+10827fa6b176e1acf1d0@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

filefrag (and potentially other utilities that call fiemap) sometimes
pass ULONG_MAX as the length.  fiemap_prep clamps excessively large
lengths - but the calculation of end can overflow if it occurs before
calling fiemap_prep.  When this happens, filefrag assumes it has read to
the end and exits.
Signed-off-by: Reed Riley <reed@riley.engineer>
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

The bucket_gens array is a single array allocation (one byte per
bucket), and kernel allocations are still limited to INT_MAX.

Check this limit to avoid failing the bucket_gens array allocation.

Reported-by: syzbot+b29f436493184ea42e2b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

bch2_get_next_dev() and bch2_get_next_online_dev() iterate over devices,
dropping and taking refs as they go; we can't access the previous device
(for ca->dev_idx) after we've dropped our ref to it, unless we take
rcu_read_lock() first.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

bch2_dev_lookup() is supposed to take a ref on the device it returns, but
for_each_member_device() takes refs as it iterates,
for_each_member_device_rcu() does not.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Normally this is initialized in __bch2_write(), which is executed in a
loop, but the inline data path skips this.

Reported-by: syzbot+fd3ccb331eb21f05d13b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Reported-by: syzbot+66b9b74f6520068596a9@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Reported-by: syzbot+a35cdb62ec34d44fb062@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

We don't want the assert when we're checking if the backpointer is
valid.

Reported-by: syzbot+bf7215c0525098e7747a@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Reported-by: syzbot+3333603f569fc2ef258c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

We're using mutex_lock() inside a wait_event() conditional -
prepare_to_wait() has already flipped task state, so potentially
blocking ops need annotation.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

Pull scheduler fixes from Ingo Molnar:

 - Fix EEVDF corner cases

 - Fix two nohz_full= related bugs that can cause boot crashes
   and warnings

* tag 'sched-urgent-2024-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/isolation: Fix boot crash when maxcpus < first housekeeping CPU
  sched/isolation: Prevent boot crash when the boot CPU is nohz_full
  sched/eevdf: Prevent vlag from going out of bounds in reweight_eevdf()
  sched/eevdf: Fix miscalculation in reweight_entity() when se is not curr
  sched/eevdf: Always update V if se->on_rq when reweighting

Pull x86 fixes from Ingo Molnar:

 - Make the CPU_MITIGATIONS=n interaction with conflicting
   mitigation-enabling boot parameters a bit saner.

 - Re-enable CPU mitigations by default on non-x86

 - Fix TDX shared bit propagation on mprotect()

 - Fix potential show_regs() system hang when PKE initialization
   is not fully finished yet.

 - Add the 0x10-0x1f model IDs to the Zen5 range

 - Harden #VC instruction emulation some more

* tag 'x86-urgent-2024-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  cpu: Ignore "mitigations" kernel parameter if CPU_MITIGATIONS=n
  cpu: Re-enable CPU mitigations by default for !X86 architectures
  x86/tdx: Preserve shared bit on mprotect()
  x86/cpu: Fix check for RDPKRU in __show_regs()
  x86/CPU/AMD: Add models 0x10-0x1f to the Zen5 range
  x86/sev: Check for MWAITX and MONITORX opcodes in the #VC handler

Pull irq fix from Ingo Molnar:
 "Fix a double free bug in the init error path of the GICv3 irqchip
  driver"

* tag 'irq-urgent-2024-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  irqchip/gic-v3-its: Prevent double free on error

housekeeping_setup() checks cpumask_intersects(present, online) to ensure
that the kernel will have at least one housekeeping CPU after smp_init(),
but this doesn't work if the maxcpus= kernel parameter limits the number of
processors available after bootup.

For example, a kernel with "maxcpus=2 nohz_full=0-2" parameters crashes at
boot time on a virtual machine with 4 CPUs.

Change housekeeping_setup() to use cpumask_first_and() and check that the
returned CPU number is valid and less than setup_max_cpus.

Another corner case is "nohz_full=0" on a machine with a single CPU or with
the maxcpus=1 kernel argument. In this case non_housekeeping_mask is empty
and tick_nohz_full_setup() makes no sense. And indeed, the kernel hits the
WARN_ON(tick_nohz_full_running) in tick_sched_do_timer().

And how should the kernel interpret the "nohz_full=" parameter? It should
be silently ignored, but currently cpulist_parse() happily returns the
empty cpumask and this leads to the same problem.

Change housekeeping_setup() to check cpumask_empty(non_housekeeping_mask)
and do nothing in this case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240413141746.GA10008@redhat.com

Documentation/timers/no_hz.rst states that the "nohz_full=" mask must not
include the boot CPU, which is no longer true after:

  08ae95f4 ("nohz_full: Allow the boot CPU to be nohz_full").

However after:

  aae17ebb ("workqueue: Avoid using isolated cpus' timers on queue_delayed_work")

the kernel will crash at boot time in this case; housekeeping_any_cpu()
returns an invalid CPU number until smp_init() brings the first
housekeeping CPU up.

Change housekeeping_any_cpu() to check the result of cpumask_any_and() and
return smp_processor_id() in this case.

This is just the simple and backportable workaround which fixes the
symptom, but smp_processor_id() at boot time should be safe at least for
type == HK_TYPE_TIMER, this more or less matches the tick_do_timer_boot_cpu
logic.

There is no worry about cpu_down(); tick_nohz_cpu_down() will not allow to
offline tick_do_timer_cpu (the 1st online housekeeping CPU).

Fixes: aae17ebb ("workqueue: Avoid using isolated cpus' timers on queue_delayed_work")
Reported-by: Chris von Recklinghausen <crecklin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240411143905.GA19288@redhat.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240402105847.GA24832@redhat.com/

Pull Rust fixes from Miguel Ojeda:

 - Soundness: make internal functions generated by the 'module!' macro
   inaccessible, do not implement 'Zeroable' for 'Infallible' and
   require 'Send' for the 'Module' trait.

 - Build: avoid errors with "empty" files and workaround 'rustdoc' ICE.

 - Kconfig: depend on '!CFI_CLANG' and avoid selecting 'CONSTRUCTORS'.

 - Code docs: remove non-existing key from 'module!' macro example.

 - Docs: trivial rendering fix in arch table.

* tag 'rust-fixes-6.9' of https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux:
  rust: remove `params` from `module` macro example
  kbuild: rust: force `alloc` extern to allow "empty" Rust files
  kbuild: rust: remove unneeded `@rustc_cfg` to avoid ICE
  rust: kernel: require `Send` for `Module` implementations
  rust: phy: implement `Send` for `Registration`
  rust: make mutually exclusive with CFI_CLANG
  rust: macros: fix soundness issue in `module!` macro
  rust: init: remove impl Zeroable for Infallible
  docs: rust: fix improper rendering in Arch Support page
  rust: don't select CONSTRUCTORS

Pull RISC-V fixes from Palmer Dabbelt:

 - A fix for TASK_SIZE on rv64/NOMMU, to reflect the lack of user/kernel
   separation

 - A fix to avoid loading rv64/NOMMU kernel past the start of RAM

 - A fix for RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFHMIN on ilp32 to avoid signed integer
   overflow in the bitmask

 - The sud_test kselftest has been fixed to properly swizzle the syscall
   number into the return register, which are not the same on RISC-V

 - A fix for a build warning in the perf tools on rv32

 - A fix for the CBO selftests, to avoid non-constants leaking into the
   inline asm

 - A pair of fixes for T-Head PBMT errata probing, which has been
   renamed MAE by the vendor

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.9-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux:
  RISC-V: selftests: cbo: Ensure asm operands match constraints, take 2
  perf riscv: Fix the warning due to the incompatible type
  riscv: T-Head: Test availability bit before enabling MAE errata
  riscv: thead: Rename T-Head PBMT to MAE
  selftests: sud_test: return correct emulated syscall value on RISC-V
  riscv: hwprobe: fix invalid sign extension for RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFHMIN
  riscv: Fix loading 64-bit NOMMU kernels past the start of RAM
  riscv: Fix TASK_SIZE on 64-bit NOMMU

Pull smb client fixes from Steve French:
 "Three smb3 client fixes, all also for stable:

   - two small locking fixes spotted by Coverity

   - FILE_ALL_INFO and network_open_info packing fix"

* tag '6.9-rc5-cifs-fixes-part2' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb3: fix lock ordering potential deadlock in cifs_sync_mid_result
  smb3: missing lock when picking channel
  smb: client: Fix struct_group() usage in __packed structs

Pull i2c fixes from Wolfram Sang:
 "Fix a race condition in the at24 eeprom handler, a NULL pointer
  exception in the I2C core for controllers only using target modes,
  drop a MAINTAINERS entry, and fix an incorrect DT binding for at24"

* tag 'i2c-for-6.9-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux:
  i2c: smbus: fix NULL function pointer dereference
  MAINTAINERS: Drop entry for PCA9541 bus master selector
  eeprom: at24: fix memory corruption race condition
  dt-bindings: eeprom: at24: Fix ST M24C64-D compatible schema