- 17 Aug, 2024 23 commits
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Peter Zijlstra authored
In the absence of an explicit cgroup slice configureation, make mixed slice length work with cgroups by propagating the min_slice up the hierarchy. This ensures the cgroup entity gets timely service to service its entities that have this timing constraint set on them. Signed-off-by:
Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Tested-by:
Valentin Schneider <vschneid@redhat.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240727105030.948188417@infradead.org
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Allow applications to directly set a suggested request/slice length using sched_attr::sched_runtime. The implementation clamps the value to: 0.1[ms] <= slice <= 100[ms] which is 1/10 the size of HZ=1000 and 10 times the size of HZ=100. Applications should strive to use their periodic runtime at a high confidence interval (95%+) as the target slice. Using a smaller slice will introduce undue preemptions, while using a larger value will increase latency. For all the following examples assume a scheduling quantum of 8, and for consistency all examples have W=4: {A,B,C,D}(w=1,r=8): ABCD... +---+---+---+--- t=0, V=1.5 t=1, V=3.5 A |------< A |------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< D |------< D |------< ---+*------+-------+--- ---+--*----+-------+--- t=2, V=5.5 t=3, V=7.5 A |------< A |------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< D |------< D |------< ---+----*--+-------+--- ---+------*+-------+--- Note: 4 identical tasks in FIFO order ~~~ {A,B}(w=1,r=16) C(w=2,r=16) AACCBBCC... +---+---+---+--- t=0, V=1.25 t=2, V=5.25 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |--------------< B |--------------< C |------< C |------< ---+*------+-------+--- ---+----*--+-------+--- t=4, V=8.25 t=6, V=12.25 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |--------------< B |--------------< C |------< C |------< ---+-------*-------+--- ---+-------+---*---+--- Note: 1 heavy task -- because q=8, double r such that the deadline of the w=2 task doesn't go below q. Note: observe the full schedule becomes: W*max(r_i/w_i) = 4*2q = 8q in length. Note: the period of the heavy task is half the full period at: W*(r_i/w_i) = 4*(2q/2) = 4q ~~~ {A,C,D}(w=1,r=16) B(w=1,r=8): BAACCBDD... +---+---+---+--- t=0, V=1.5 t=1, V=3.5 A |--------------< A |---------------< B |------< B |------< C |--------------< C |--------------< D |--------------< D |--------------< ---+*------+-------+--- ---+--*----+-------+--- t=3, V=7.5 t=5, V=11.5 A |---------------< A |---------------< B |------< B |------< C |--------------< C |--------------< D |--------------< D |--------------< ---+------*+-------+--- ---+-------+--*----+--- t=6, V=13.5 A |---------------< B |------< C |--------------< D |--------------< ---+-------+----*--+--- Note: 1 short task -- again double r so that the deadline of the short task won't be below q. Made B short because its not the leftmost task, but is eligible with the 0,1,2,3 spread. Note: like with the heavy task, the period of the short task observes: W*(r_i/w_i) = 4*(1q/1) = 4q ~~~ A(w=1,r=16) B(w=1,r=8) C(w=2,r=16) BCCAABCC... +---+---+---+--- t=0, V=1.25 t=1, V=3.25 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< ---+*------+-------+--- ---+--*----+-------+--- t=3, V=7.25 t=5, V=11.25 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< ---+------*+-------+--- ---+-------+--*----+--- t=6, V=13.25 A |--------------< B |------< C |------< ---+-------+----*--+--- Note: 1 heavy and 1 short task -- combine them all. Note: both the short and heavy task end up with a period of 4q ~~~ A(w=1,r=16) B(w=2,r=16) C(w=1,r=8) BBCAABBC... +---+---+---+--- t=0, V=1 t=2, V=5 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< ---+*------+-------+--- ---+----*--+-------+--- t=3, V=7 t=5, V=11 A |--------------< A |--------------< B |------< B |------< C |------< C |------< ---+------*+-------+--- ---+-------+--*----+--- t=7, V=15 A |--------------< B |------< C |------< ---+-------+------*+--- Note: as before but permuted ~~~ From all this it can be deduced that, for the steady state: - the total period (P) of a schedule is: W*max(r_i/w_i) - the average period of a task is: W*(r_i/w_i) - each task obtains the fair share: w_i/W of each full period P Signed-off-by: -
Peter Zijlstra authored
Part of the reason to have shorter slices is to improve responsiveness. Allow shorter slices to preempt longer slices on wakeup. Task | Runtime ms | Switches | Avg delay ms | Max delay ms | Sum delay ms | 100ms massive_intr 500us cyclictest NO_PREEMPT_SHORT 1 massive_intr:(5) | 846018.956 ms | 779188 | avg: 0.273 ms | max: 58.337 ms | sum:212545.245 ms | 2 massive_intr:(5) | 853450.693 ms | 792269 | avg: 0.275 ms | max: 71.193 ms | sum:218263.588 ms | 3 massive_intr:(5) | 843888.920 ms | 771456 | avg: 0.277 ms | max: 92.405 ms | sum:213353.221 ms | 1 chromium-browse:(8) | 53015.889 ms | 131766 | avg: 0.463 ms | max: 36.341 ms | sum:60959.230 ms | 2 chromium-browse:(8) | 53864.088 ms | 136962 | avg: 0.480 ms | max: 27.091 ms | sum:65687.681 ms | 3 chromium-browse:(9) | 53637.904 ms | 132637 | avg: 0.481 ms | max: 24.756 ms | sum:63781.673 ms | 1 cyclictest:(5) | 12615.604 ms | 639689 | avg: 0.471 ms | max: 32.272 ms | sum:301351.094 ms | 2 cyclictest:(5) | 12511.583 ms | 642578 | avg: 0.448 ms | max: 44.243 ms | sum:287632.830 ms | 3 cyclictest:(5) | 12545.867 ms | 635953 | avg: 0.475 ms | max: 25.530 ms | sum:302374.658 ms | 100ms massive_intr 500us cyclictest PREEMPT_SHORT 1 massive_intr:(5) | 839843.919 ms | 837384 | avg: 0.264 ms | max: 74.366 ms | sum:221476.885 ms | 2 massive_intr:(5) | 852449.913 ms | 845086 | avg: 0.252 ms | max: 68.162 ms | sum:212595.968 ms | 3 massive_intr:(5) | 839180.725 ms | 836883 | avg: 0.266 ms | max: 69.742 ms | sum:222812.038 ms | 1 chromium-browse:(11) | 54591.481 ms | 138388 | avg: 0.458 ms | max: 35.427 ms | sum:63401.508 ms | 2 chromium-browse:(8) | 52034.541 ms | 132276 | avg: 0.436 ms | max: 31.826 ms | sum:57732.958 ms | 3 chromium-browse:(8) | 55231.771 ms | 141892 | avg: 0.469 ms | max: 27.607 ms | sum:66538.697 ms | 1 cyclictest:(5) | 13156.391 ms | 667412 | avg: 0.373 ms | max: 38.247 ms | sum:249174.502 ms | 2 cyclictest:(5) | 12688.939 ms | 665144 | avg: 0.374 ms | max: 33.548 ms | sum:248509.392 ms | 3 cyclictest:(5) | 13475.623 ms | 669110 | avg: 0.370 ms | max: 37.819 ms | sum:247673.390 ms | As per the numbers the, this makes cyclictest (short slice) it's max-delay more consistent and consistency drops the sum-delay. The trade-off is that the massive_intr (long slice) gets more context switches and a slight increase in sum-delay. Chunxin contributed did_preempt_short() where a task that lost slice protection from PREEMPT_SHORT gets rescheduled once it becomes in-eligible. [mike: numbers] Co-Developed-by:Chunxin Zang <zangchunxin@lixiang.com> Signed-off-by:
Mike Galbraith <umgwanakikbuti@gmail.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240727105030.735459544@infradead.org
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Peter Zijlstra authored
During OSPM24 Youssef noted that migrations are re-setting the virtual deadline. Notably everything that does a dequeue-enqueue, like setting nice, changing preferred numa-node, and a myriad of other random crap, will cause this to happen. This shouldn't be. Preserve the relative virtual deadline across such dequeue/enqueue cycles. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Note that tasks that are kept on the runqueue to burn off negative lag, are not in fact runnable anymore, they'll get dequeued the moment they get picked. As such, don't count this time towards runnable. Thanks to Valentin for spotting I had this backwards initially. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
'Extend' DELAY_DEQUEUE by noting that since we wanted to dequeued them at the 0-lag point, truncate lag (eg. don't let them earn positive lag). Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Extend / fix 86bfbb7c ("sched/fair: Add lag based placement") by noting that lag is fundamentally a temporal measure. It should not be carried around indefinitely. OTOH it should also not be instantly discarded, doing so will allow a task to game the system by purposefully (micro) sleeping at the end of its time quantum. Since lag is intimately tied to the virtual time base, a wall-time based decay is also insufficient, notably competition is required for any of this to make sense. Instead, delay the dequeue and keep the 'tasks' on the runqueue, competing until they are eligible. Strictly speaking, we only care about keeping them until the 0-lag point, but that is a difficult proposition, instead carry them around until they get picked again, and dequeue them at that point. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Since special task states must not suffer spurious wakeups, and the proposed delayed dequeue can cause exactly these (under some boundary conditions), propagate this knowledge into dequeue_task() such that it can do the right thing. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
The special task states are those that do not suffer spurious wakeups, TASK_FROZEN is very much one of those, mark it as such. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Doing a wakeup on a delayed dequeue task is about as simple as it sounds -- remove the delayed mark and enjoy the fact it was actually still on the runqueue. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Delayed dequeue's natural end is when it gets picked again. Ensure pick_next_task() knows what to do with delayed tasks. Note, this relies on the earlier patch that made pick_next_task() state invariant -- it will restart the pick on dequeue, because obviously the just dequeued task is no longer eligible. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
When dequeue_task() is delayed it becomes possible to exit a task (or cgroup) that is still enqueued. Ensure things are dequeued before freeing. Thanks to Valentin for asking the obvious questions and making switched_from_fair() less weird. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Just a little sanity test.. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Delayed dequeue has tasks sit around on the runqueue that are not actually runnable -- specifically, they will be dequeued the moment they get picked. One side-effect is that such a task can get migrated, which leads to a 'nested' dequeue_task() scenario that messes up uclamp if we don't take care. Notably, dequeue_task(DEQUEUE_SLEEP) can 'fail' and keep the task on the runqueue. This however will have removed the task from uclamp -- per uclamp_rq_dec() in dequeue_task(). So far so good. However, if at that point the task gets migrated -- or nice adjusted or any of a myriad of operations that does a dequeue-enqueue cycle -- we'll pass through dequeue_task()/enqueue_task() again. Without modification this will lead to a double decrement for uclamp, which is wrong. Reported-by:
Luis Machado <luis.machado@arm.com> Reported-by:
Hongyan Xia <hongyan.xia2@arm.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
While most of the delayed dequeue code can be done inside the sched_class itself, there is one location where we do not have an appropriate hook, namely ttwu_runnable(). Add an ENQUEUE_DELAYED call to the on_rq path to deal with waking delayed dequeue tasks. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
As a preparation for dequeue_task() failing, and a second code-path needing to take care of the 'success' path, split out the DEQEUE_SLEEP path from deactivate_task(). Much thanks to Libo for spotting and fixing a TASK_ON_RQ_MIGRATING ordering fail. Fixed-by:
Libo Chen <libo.chen@oracle.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Working towards delaying dequeue, notably also inside the hierachy, rework dequeue_task_fair() such that it can 'resume' an interrupted hierarchy walk. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Change the function signature of sched_class::dequeue_task() to return a boolean, allowing future patches to 'fail' dequeue. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Implement pick_next_task_fair() in terms of pick_task_fair() to de-duplicate the pick loop. More importantly, this makes all the pick loops use the state-invariant form, which is useful to introduce further re-try conditions in later patches. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
With 4c456c9a ("sched/fair: Remove unused 'curr' argument from pick_next_entity()") curr is no longer being used, so no point in clearing it. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Per 54d27365 ("sched/fair: Prevent throttling in early pick_next_task_fair()") the reason check_cfs_rq_runtime() is under the 'if (curr)' check is to ensure the (downward) traversal does not result in an empty cfs_rq. But then the pick_task_fair() 'copy' of all this made it restart the traversal anyway, so that seems to solve the issue too. Signed-off-by:
Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com> Reviewed-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Since commit e8f331bc ("sched/smp: Use lag to simplify cross-runqueue placement") the min_vruntime_copy is no longer used. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Signed-off-by:
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- 07 Aug, 2024 5 commits
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Qais Yousef authored
Some find the name realtime overloaded. Use rt_or_dl() as an alternative, hopefully better, name. Suggested-by:
Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com> Signed-off-by:
Qais Yousef <qyousef@layalina.io> Signed-off-by:
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Qais Yousef authored
{rt, realtime, dl}_{task, prio}() functions' return value is actually a bool. Convert their return type to reflect that. Suggested-by:"Steven Rostedt (Google)" <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by:
Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by:
Metin Kaya <metin.kaya@arm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240610192018.1567075-3-qyousef@layalina.io
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Qais Yousef authored
rt_task() checks if a task has RT priority. But depends on your dictionary, this could mean it belongs to RT class, or is a 'realtime' task, which includes RT and DL classes. Since this has caused some confusion already on discussion [1], it seemed a clean up is due. I define the usage of rt_task() to be tasks that belong to RT class. Make sure that it returns true only for RT class and audit the users and replace the ones required the old behavior with the new realtime_task() which returns true for RT and DL classes. Introduce similar realtime_prio() to create similar distinction to rt_prio() and update the users that required the old behavior to use the new function. Move MAX_DL_PRIO to prio.h so it can be used in the new definitions. Document the functions to make it more obvious what is the difference between them. PI-boosted tasks is a factor that must be taken into account when choosing which function to use. Rename task_is_realtime() to realtime_task_policy() as the old name is confusing against the new realtime_task(). No functional changes were intended. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20240506100509.GL40213@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/Signed-off-by:
Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com> Reviewed-by:
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Dan Carpenter authored
This code has an integer overflow or sign extension bug which was caught by gcc-13: kernel/sched/debug.c:341:57: error: integer overflow in expression of type 'long int' results in '-100663296' [-Werror=overflow] 341 | static unsigned long fair_server_period_max = (1 << 22) * NSEC_PER_USEC; /* ~4 seconds */ The result is that "fair_server_period_max" is set to 0xfffffffffa000000 (585 years) instead of instead of 0xfa000000 (4 seconds) that was intended. Fix this by changing the type to shift from (1 << 22) to (1UL << 22). Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CA+G9fYtE2GAbeqU+AOCffgo2oH0RTJUxU+=Pi3cFn4di_KgBAQ@mail.gmail.com/ Fixes: d741f297 ("sched/fair: Fair server interface") Reported-by:Linux Kernel Functional Testing <lkft@linaro.org> Reported-by:
Arnd Bergmann <arnd@kernel.org> Reported-by:
Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by:
Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org> Signed-off-by:
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Tejun Heo authored
balance_fair() skips newidle balancing if rq->nr_running - there are already tasks on the rq, so no need to try to pull tasks. This tests the total number of queued tasks on the CPU instead of only the fair class, but is still correct as the rq can currently only have fair class tasks while balance_fair() is running. However, with the addition of sched_ext below the fair class, this will not hold anymore and make put_prev_task_balance() skip sched_ext's balance() incorrectly as, when a CPU has only lower priority class tasks, rq->nr_running would still be positive and balance_fair() would return 1 even when fair doesn't have any tasks to run. Update balance_fair() to use sched_fair_runnable() which tests rq->cfs.nr_running which is updated by bandwidth throttling. Note that pick_next_task_fair() already uses sched_fair_runnable() in its optimized path for the same purpose. Reported-by:
Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by:
Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Reviewed-by:
K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ZrFUjlCf7x3TNXB8@slm.duckdns.org
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- 29 Jul, 2024 12 commits
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Peter Zijlstra authored
The throttle interaction made my brain hurt, make it consistently about 0 transitions of h_nr_running. Signed-off-by: -
Peter Zijlstra authored
Now that fair_server exists, we no longer need RT bandwidth control unless RT_GROUP_SCHED. Enable fair_server with parameters equivalent to RT throttling. Signed-off-by:
Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org> Signed-off-by:
"Vineeth Pillai (Google)" <vineeth@bitbyteword.org> Signed-off-by:
Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/14d562db55df5c3c780d91940743acb166895ef7.1716811044.git.bristot@kernel.org
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Joel Fernandes (Google) authored
* Use simple CFS pick_task for DL pick_task DL server's pick_task calls CFS's pick_next_task_fair(), this is wrong because core scheduling's pick_task only calls CFS's pick_task() for evaluation / checking of the CFS task (comparing across CPUs), not for actually affirmatively picking the next task. This causes RB tree corruption issues in CFS that were found by syzbot. * Make pick_task_fair clear DL server A DL task pick might set ->dl_server, but it is possible the task will never run (say the other HT has a stop task). If the CFS task is picked in the future directly (say without DL server), ->dl_server will be set. So clear it in pick_task_fair(). This fixes the KASAN issue reported by syzbot in set_next_entity(). (DL refactoring suggestions by Vineeth Pillai). Reported-by:
Suleiman Souhlal <suleiman@google.com> Signed-off-by:
"Joel Fernandes (Google)" <joel@joelfernandes.org> Signed-off-by:
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Joel Fernandes (Google) authored
In core scheduling, a DL server pick (which is CFS task) should be given higher priority than tasks in other classes. Not doing so causes CFS starvation. A kselftest is added later to demonstrate this. A CFS task that is competing with RT tasks can be completely starved without this and the DL server's boosting completely ignored. Fix these problems. Reported-by:
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Daniel Bristot de Oliveira authored
Add an interface for fair server setup on debugfs. Each CPU has two files under /debug/sched/fair_server/cpu{ID}: - runtime: set runtime in ns - period: set period in ns This then leaves /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rt_{period,runtime}_us to set bounds on admission control. The interface also add the server to the dl bandwidth accounting. Signed-off-by: -
Daniel Bristot de Oliveira authored
Among the motivations for the DL servers is the real-time throttling mechanism. This mechanism works by throttling the rt_rq after running for a long period without leaving space for fair tasks. The base dl server avoids this problem by boosting fair tasks instead of throttling the rt_rq. The point is that it boosts without waiting for potential starvation, causing some non-intuitive cases. For example, an IRQ dispatches two tasks on an idle system, a fair and an RT. The DL server will be activated, running the fair task before the RT one. This problem can be avoided by deferring the dl server activation. By setting the defer option, the dl_server will dispatch an SCHED_DEADLINE reservation with replenished runtime, but throttled. The dl_timer will be set for the defer time at (period - runtime) ns from start time. Thus boosting the fair rq at defer time. If the fair scheduler has the opportunity to run while waiting for defer time, the dl server runtime will be consumed. If the runtime is completely consumed before the defer time, the server will be replenished while still in a throttled state. Then, the dl_timer will be reset to the new defer time If the fair server reaches the defer time without consuming its runtime, the server will start running, following CBS rules (thus without breaking SCHED_DEADLINE). Then the server will continue the running state (without deferring) until it fair tasks are able to execute as regular fair scheduler (end of the starvation). Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Use deadline servers to service fair tasks. This patch adds a fair_server deadline entity which acts as a container for fair entities and can be used to fix starvation when higher priority (wrt fair) tasks are monopolizing CPU(s). Signed-off-by:
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Youssef Esmat authored
In case the previous pick was a DL server pick, ->dl_server might be set. Clear it in the fast path as well. Fixes: 63ba8422 ("sched/deadline: Introduce deadline servers") Signed-off-by:
Youssef Esmat <youssefesmat@google.com> Signed-off-by:
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Joel Fernandes (Google) authored
Paths using put_prev_task_balance() need to do a pick shortly after. Make sure they also clear the ->dl_server on prev as a part of that. Fixes: 63ba8422 ("sched/deadline: Introduce deadline servers") Signed-off-by:
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Daniel Bristot de Oliveira authored
Add an explanation for the newly added variable. Fixes: 63ba8422 ("sched/deadline: Introduce deadline servers") Signed-off-by:
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Tianchen Ding authored
Consider the following cgroup: root | ------------------------ | | normal_cgroup idle_cgroup | | SCHED_IDLE task_A SCHED_NORMAL task_B According to the cgroup hierarchy, A should preempt B. But current check_preempt_wakeup_fair() treats cgroup se and task separately, so B will preempt A unexpectedly. Unify the wakeup logic by {c,p}se_is_idle only. This makes SCHED_IDLE of a task a relative policy that is effective only within its own cgroup, similar to the behavior of NICE. Also fix se_is_idle() definition when !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED. Fixes: 30400039 ("sched: Cgroup SCHED_IDLE support") Signed-off-by:Tianchen Ding <dtcccc@linux.alibaba.com> Signed-off-by:
Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> Reviewed-by:
Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240626023505.1332596-1-dtcccc@linux.alibaba.com
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Phil Auld authored
As a hedge against unexpected user issues commit 88c56cfe ("sched/fair: Block nohz tick_stop when cfs bandwidth in use") included a scheduler feature to disable the new functionality. It's been a few releases (v6.6) and no screams, so remove it. Signed-off-by:
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