In the course of testing jump labels for use with the CFS
bandwidth controller, Paul Turner, discovered that using jump
labels reduced the branch count and the instruction count, but
did not reduce the cycle count or wall time.

I noticed that having the jump_label.o included in the kernel
but not used in any way still caused this increase in cycle
count and wall time. Thus, I moved jump_label.o in the
kernel/Makefile, thus changing the link order, and presumably
moving it out of hot icache areas. This brought down the cycle
count/time as expected.

In addition to Paul's testing,  I've tested the patch using a
single 'static_branch()' in the getppid() path, and basically
running tight loops of calls to getppid(). Here are my results
for the branch disabled case:

With jump labels turned on (CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL), branch disabled:

 Performance counter stats for 'bash -c /tmp/getppid;true' (50 runs):

     3,969,510,217 instructions             #	   0.864 IPC     ( +-0.000% )
     4,592,334,954 cycles                     ( +-   0.046% )
       751,634,470 branches                   ( +-   0.000% )

        1.722635797  seconds time elapsed   ( +-   0.046% )

Jump labels turned off (CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL not set), branch
disabled:

 Performance counter stats for 'bash -c /tmp/getppid;true' (50 runs):

     4,009,611,846 instructions             #	   0.867 IPC     ( +-0.000% )
     4,622,210,580 cycles                     ( +-   0.012% )
       771,662,904 branches                   ( +-   0.000% )

        1.734341454  seconds time elapsed   ( +-   0.022% )
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: rth@redhat.com
Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110805204040.GG2522@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Tested-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>

Merge branch 'perf/core' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux into perf/urgent

Merge reason: Include most of the merge window trees, to do fixes on top.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This isn't really critical any more, since other patches (commit
298507d4: "shm: optimize exit_shm()") have caused us to not actually
need to touch the rw_mutex unless there are actual shm segments
associated with the namespace, but we really should do tne shm_init_ns()
earlier than we do now.

This, together with commit 288d5abe ("Boot up with usermodehelper
disabled") will mean that we really do initialize the initial ipc
namespace data structure before we run any tasks.
Tested-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs-2.6:
  RCUify freeing acls, let check_acl() go ahead in RCU mode if acl is cached
  get rid of boilerplate switches in posix_acl.h
  fix block device fallout from ->fsync() changes

* 'fixefi' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/aegl/linux-2.6:
  efi: Fix argument types for SetVariable() for ia64

Merge branch 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip

* 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
  slab, lockdep: Annotate the locks before using them
  lockdep: Clear whole lockdep_map on initialization
  slab, lockdep: Annotate slab -> rcu -> debug_object -> slab
  lockdep: Fix up warning
  lockdep: Fix trace_hardirqs_on_caller()
  futex: Fix regression with read only mappings

* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/djbw/async_tx:
  dmaengine: use DEFINE_IDR for static initialization
  ioat: fix xor_idx_to_desc
  Avoid section type conflict in dma/ioat/dma_v3.c
  ioat: Adding PCI IDs for IOAT devices on SandyBridge platforms

Commit a0bfa137 mispells
cpuidle_idle_call() on ARM and SH code.  Fix this to be consistent.

Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Brown <davidb@codeaurora.org>
[ Also done by Mark Brown - th ebug has been around forever, and was
  noticed in -next, but the idle tree never picked it up. Bad bad bad ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The spec says this takes uint32 for attributes, not uintn.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>

* 'devicetree/merge' of git://git.secretlab.ca/git/linux-2.6:
  Revert "dt: add of_alias_scan and of_alias_get_id"
  dt: remove of_alias_get_id() reference

* 'fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/parisc-2.6:
  [PARISC] wire up sendmmsg syscall
  [PARISC] fix return type of __atomic64_add_return
  [PARISC] Fix futex support

* 'for-linus' of git://git390.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6:
  [S390] signal: use set_restore_sigmask() helper
  [S390] smp: remove pointless comments in startup_secondary()
  [S390] qdio: Use kstrtoul_from_user
  [S390] sclp_async: Use kstrtoul_from_user
  [S390] exec: remove redundant set_fs(USER_DS)
  [S390] cpu hotplug: on cpu start wait until being marked active
  [S390] signal: convert to use set_current_blocked()
  [S390] asm offsets: fix coding style
  [S390] Add support for IBM zEnterprise 114
  [S390] dasd: check if raw track access is supported
  [S390] Use diagnose 308 for system reset
  [S390] Export store_status() function
  [S390] dasd: use vmalloc for statistics input buffer
  [S390] Add PSW restart shutdown trigger
  [S390] missing return in page_table_alloc_pgste
  [S390] qdio: 2nd stage retry on SIGA-W busy conditions

While `pci_eisa_driver' still refer `pci_eisa_init', the .probe() function
should not be called after init memory release, as pointed out by commit
74b9a297. The structure is still referenced in the drivers subsystem, and can
be accesseed through sysfs, so the modpost warning is a false positive. Mark
it as such.

In the same time, the warning referenced in 005bdad7 did only mention
`pci_eisa_driver', not `pci_eisa_pci_tbl', so remove its marking.

Broken-by: Arnaud Lacombe <lacombar@gmail.com> (in 005bdad7)
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Arnaud Lacombe <lacombar@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This reverts commit 750f463a.

of_alias_* still needs work to be generalized for 'promtree' dt
platforms, and to no implicitly create entries for available ids.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>

of_alias_get_id() is broken and being reverted.  Remove the reference
to it and replace with a single incrementing id number.

There is no risk of regression here on the imx driver since the imx
change to use of_alias_get_id() is commit 22698aa2, "serial/imx: add
device tree probe support" which is new for v3.1, and it won't get
used unless CONFIG_OF is enabled and the board is booted using a
device tree.  A single incrementing integer is sufficient for now.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Acked-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>

Fernando found we hit the regular OFF_SLAB 'recursion' before we
annotate the locks, cure this.

The relevant portion of the stack-trace:

> [    0.000000]  [<c085e24f>] rt_spin_lock+0x50/0x56
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fb406>] __cache_free+0x43/0xc3
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fb23f>] kmem_cache_free+0x6c/0xdc
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fb2fe>] slab_destroy+0x4f/0x53
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fb396>] free_block+0x94/0xc1
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fc551>] do_tune_cpucache+0x10b/0x2bb
> [    0.000000]  [<c04fc8dc>] enable_cpucache+0x7b/0xa7
> [    0.000000]  [<c0bd9d3c>] kmem_cache_init_late+0x1f/0x61
> [    0.000000]  [<c0bba687>] start_kernel+0x24c/0x363
> [    0.000000]  [<c0bba0ba>] i386_start_kernel+0xa9/0xaf
Reported-by: Fernando Lopez-Lezcano <nando@ccrma.Stanford.EDU>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1311888176.2617.379.camel@laptopSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

lockdep_init_map() only initializes parts of lockdep_map and triggers
kmemcheck warning when it is copied as a whole.  There isn't anything
to be gained by clearing selectively.  memset() the whole structure
and remove loop for ->class_cache[] clearing.

Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=35532Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-and-tested-by: Christian Casteyde <casteyde.christian@free.fr>
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=35532Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110714131909.GJ3455@htj.dyndns.orgSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Lockdep thinks there's lock recursion through:

	kmem_cache_free()
	  cache_flusharray()
	    spin_lock(&l3->list_lock)  <----------------.
	    free_block()                                |
	      slab_destroy()                            |
		call_rcu()                              |
		  debug_object_activate()               |
		    debug_object_init()                 |
		      __debug_object_init()             |
			kmem_cache_alloc()              |
			  cache_alloc_refill()          |
			    spin_lock(&l3->list_lock) --'

Now debug objects doesn't use SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU and hence there is no
actual possibility of recursing. Luckily debug objects marks it slab
with SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS so we can identify the thing.

Mark all SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS (all one!) slab caches with a special
lockdep key so that lockdep sees its a different cachep.

Also add a WARN on trying to create a SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU |
SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS cache, to avoid possible future trouble.
Reported-and-tested-by: Sebastian Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
[ fixes to the initial patch ]
Reported-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1311341165.27400.58.camel@twinsSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

On Sun, 2011-07-24 at 21:06 -0400, Arnaud Lacombe wrote:

> /src/linux/linux/kernel/lockdep.c: In function 'mark_held_locks':
> /src/linux/linux/kernel/lockdep.c:2471:31: warning: comparison of
> distinct pointer types lacks a cast

The warning is harmless in this case, but the below makes it go away.
Reported-by: Arnaud Lacombe <lacombar@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1311588599.2617.56.camel@laptopSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Commit dd4e5d3a ("lockdep: Fix trace_[soft,hard]irqs_[on,off]()
recursion") made a bit of a mess of the various checks and error
conditions.

In particular it moved the check for !irqs_disabled() before the
spurious enable test, resulting in some warnings.
Reported-by: Arnaud Lacombe <lacombar@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1311679697.24752.28.camel@twinsSigned-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The core device layer sends tons of uevent notifications for each device
it finds, and if the kernel has been built with a non-empty
CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER_PATH that will make us try to execute the usermode
helper binary for all these events very early in the boot.

Not only won't the root filesystem even be mounted at that point, we
literally won't have necessarily even initialized all the process
handling data structures at that point, which causes no end of silly
problems even when the usermode helper doesn't actually succeed in
executing.

So just use our existing infrastructure to disable the usermodehelpers
to make the kernel start out with them disabled.  We enable them when
we've at least initialized stuff a bit.

Problems related to an uninitialized

	init_ipc_ns.ids[IPC_SHM_IDS].rw_mutex

reported by various people.
Reported-by: Manuel Lauss <manuel.lauss@googlemail.com>
Reported-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Reported-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@misterjones.org>
Acked-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Dmitry Kasatkin reports:
  "kernel-devel package with kernel headers have no <include/xen>
   directory if XEN is disabled.  Modules which inclide asm/io.h won't
   compile.

   XEN related content is behind the CONFIG_XEN flag in the io.h.  And
   <xen/xen.h> should be also behind CONFIG_XEN flag."

So move the include of <xen/xen.h> down into the section that is
conditional on CONFIG_XEN.
Reported-by: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input:
  Input: ad7879 - fix deficient device disable
  Input: gpio_keys - fix two typos in devicetree documentation
  Input: mma8450 - add device tree probe support
  Input: gpio_keys - return proper error code if memory allocation fails
  Input: lm8323 - add missing device_remove_file for dev_attr_time
  Input: tegra-kbc - fix computation of polling time
  Input: kxtj9 - explicitly include module.h
  Input: psmouse - hgpk.c needs module.h

* 'idle-release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-idle-2.6:
  cpuidle: stop depending on pm_idle
  x86 idle: move mwait_idle_with_hints() to where it is used
  cpuidle: replace xen access to x86 pm_idle and default_idle
  cpuidle: create bootparam "cpuidle.off=1"
  mrst_pmu: driver for Intel Moorestown Power Management Unit

* 'apei-release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-acpi-2.6:
  ACPI, APEI, EINJ Param support is disabled by default
  APEI GHES: 32-bit buildfix
  ACPI: APEI build fix
  ACPI, APEI, GHES: Add hardware memory error recovery support
  HWPoison: add memory_failure_queue()
  ACPI, APEI, GHES, Error records content based throttle
  ACPI, APEI, GHES, printk support for recoverable error via NMI
  lib, Make gen_pool memory allocator lockless
  lib, Add lock-less NULL terminated single list
  Add Kconfig option ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
  ACPI, APEI, Add WHEA _OSC support
  ACPI, APEI, Add APEI bit support in generic _OSC call
  ACPI, APEI, GHES, Support disable GHES at boot time
  ACPI, APEI, GHES, Prevent GHES to be built as module
  ACPI, APEI, Use apei_exec_run_optional in APEI EINJ and ERST
  ACPI, APEI, Add apei_exec_run_optional
  ACPI, APEI, GHES, Do not ratelimit fatal error printk before panic
  ACPI, APEI, ERST, Fix erst-dbg long record reading issue
  ACPI, APEI, ERST, Prevent erst_dbg from loading if ERST is disabled

We could use DEFINE_IDR for statically allocated idr
that allow us to save a few lines of code.

And also remove unneeded mutex_init() for dma_list_mutex, as
dma_list_mutex is initialized automatically by DEFINE_MUTEX().
Signed-off-by: Axel Lin <axel.lin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>

For versions of the device that implement operation-types 0x87, 0x88
(IOAT_OP_XOR, IOAT_OP_XOR_VAL) this map determines whether a given
source is located in the base or extended descriptor.  Source addresses
6 through 8 require an extended descriptor, hence 0xe0, not 0xd0.  No
shipping hardware currently implements these operation types.
Reported-by: Evgueni Smogailov <evgueni.smogailov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>

* 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nab/target-pending:
  tcm_fc: Handle DDP/SW fc_frame_payload_get failures in ft_recv_write_data
  target: Fix bug for transport_generic_wait_for_tasks with direct operation
  target: iscsi_target depends on NET
  target: Fix WRITE_SAME_16 lba assignment breakage
  MAINTAINERS: Add target-devel list for drivers/target/
  iscsi-target: Fix CONFIG_SMP=n and CONFIG_MODULES=n build failure
  iscsi-target: Fix snprintf usage with MAX_PORTAL_LEN
  iscsi-target: Fix uninitialized usage of cmd->pad_bytes
  iscsi-target: strlen() doesn't count the terminator
  iscsi-target: Fix NULL dereference on allocation failure

* 'devicetree/next' of git://git.secretlab.ca/git/linux-2.6:
  dt: add of_alias_scan and of_alias_get_id

* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
  ext4: use kzalloc in ext4_kzalloc()

We may optimistically check .in_use == 0 without holding the rw_mutex:
it's the common case, and if it's zero, there certainly won't be any
segments associated with us.

After taking the lock, the idr_for_each() will do the right thing, so we
could now drop the re-check inside the lock without any real cost.  But
it won't hurt.
Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 4c677e2e ("shm: optimize locking and ipc_namespace getting")
introduced a copy-paste bug.  Due to the bug cycle optimizations were
disabled.
Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Expand the fs/Kconfig "help" info to clarify why it's a bad idea to
deselect the TMPFS_POSIX_ACL config variable.
Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Make the radix_tree exceptional cases, mostly in filemap.c, clearer.

It's hard to devise a suitable snappy name that illuminates the use by
shmem/tmpfs for swap, while keeping filemap/pagecache/radix_tree
generality.  And akpm points out that /* radix_tree_deref_retry(page) */
comments look like calls that have been commented out for unknown
reason.

Skirt the naming difficulty by rearranging these blocks to handle the
transient radix_tree_deref_retry(page) case first; then just explain the
remaining shmem/tmpfs swap case in a comment.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We have already acknowledged that swapoff of a tmpfs file is slower than
it was before conversion to the generic radix_tree: a little slower
there will be acceptable, if the hotter paths are faster.

But it was a shock to find swapoff of a 500MB file 20 times slower on my
laptop, taking 10 minutes; and at that rate it significantly slows down
my testing.

Now, most of that turned out to be overhead from PROVE_LOCKING and
PROVE_RCU: without those it was only 4 times slower than before; and
more realistic tests on other machines don't fare as badly.

I've tried a number of things to improve it, including tagging the swap
entries, then doing lookup by tag: I'd expected that to halve the time,
but in practice it's erratic, and often counter-productive.

The only change I've so far found to make a consistent improvement, is
to short-circuit the way we go back and forth, gang lookup packing
entries into the array supplied, then shmem scanning that array for the
target entry.  Scanning in place doubles the speed, so it's now only
twice as slow as before (or three times slower when the PROVEs are on).

So, add radix_tree_locate_item() as an expedient, once-off,
single-caller hack to do the lookup directly in place.  #ifdef it on
CONFIG_SHMEM and CONFIG_SWAP, as much to document its limited
applicability as save space in other configurations.  And, sadly,
#include sched.h for cond_resched().
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove PageSwapBacked (!page_is_file_cache) cases from
add_to_page_cache_locked() and add_to_page_cache_lru(): those pages now
go through shmem_add_to_page_cache().

Remove a comment on maximum tmpfs size from fsstack_copy_inode_size(),
and add a comment on swap entries to invalidate_mapping_pages().

And mincore_page() uses find_get_page() on what might be shmem or a
tmpfs file: allow for a radix_tree_exceptional_entry(), and proceed to
find_get_page() on swapper_space if so (oh, swapper_space needs #ifdef).
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

But we've not yet removed the old swp_entry_t i_direct[16] from
shmem_inode_info.  That's because it was still being shared with the
inline symlink.  Remove it now (saving 64 or 128 bytes from shmem inode
size), and use kmemdup() for short symlinks, say, those up to 128 bytes.

I wonder why mpol_free_shared_policy() is done in shmem_destroy_inode()
rather than shmem_evict_inode(), where we usually do such freeing? I
guess it doesn't matter, and I'm not into NUMA mpol testing right now.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Convert shmem_writepage() to use shmem_delete_from_page_cache() to use
shmem_radix_tree_replace() to substitute swap entry for page pointer
atomically in the radix tree.

As with shmem_add_to_page_cache(), it's not entirely satisfactory to be
copying such code from delete_from_swap_cache, but again judged easier
to sell than making its other callers go through the extras.

Remove the toy implementation's shmem_put_swap() and shmem_get_swap(),
now unreferenced, and the hack to disable swap: it's now good to go.

The way things have worked out, info->lock no longer helps to guard the
shmem_swaplist: we increment swapped under shmem_swaplist_mutex only.
That global mutex exclusion between shmem_writepage() and shmem_unuse()
is not pretty, and we ought to find another way; but it's been forced on
us by recent race discoveries, not a consequence of this patchset.

And what has become of the WARN_ON_ONCE(1) free_swap_and_cache() if a
swap entry was found already present? That's no longer possible, the
(unknown) one inserting this page into filecache would hit the swap
entry occupying that slot.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>