CHANGES since 0.99 patchlevel 15:

- removed all the bugs, of course.
- networking fixes.
- more changes than I really wanted..

[original announcement below]

Linux 1.0---A better UNIX than Windows NT

Summary: Linux 1.0 released
Keywords: Linux Kernel 1.0 Academy Awards
X-Moderator-Added-Keywords: universe, end of

Finally, here it is.  Almost on time (being just two years late is
peanuts in the OS industry), and better than ever:

	Linux kernel release 1.0

This release has no new major features compared to the pl15 kernels, but
contains lots and lots of bugfixes: all the major ones are gone, the
smaller ones are hidden better.  Hopefully there are no major new ones.

The Linux kernel can be found as source on most of the Linux ftp-sites
under the names

	linux-1.0.tar.gz		(full source)
	linux-1.0.patch.pl15.gz		(patch against linux-0.99pl15)
	linux-1.0.patch.alpha.gz	(patch from linux-pre-1.0)

it should be available at least at the sites

	ftp.funet.fi:
		pub/OS/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus	(now)
	sunsite.unc.ed:
		pub/Linux/Incoming		(now)
		pub/Linux/kernel		(soon)
	tsx-11.mit.edu:
		pub/linux/sources/system	(soon)
	ftp.cs.helsinki.fi:
		pub/Software/Linux/Kernel	(now)

This release finally moves Linux out of Beta status and is meant as a
base for distributions to build on.  It will neither change Linux'
status as FreeWare under the GPL, nor will it mean the end of
development on Linux.  In fact many new features where held back for
later releases so that 1.0 could become a well tested and hopefully
stable release.

The Linux kernel wouldn't be where it is today without the help of lots
of people: the kernel developers, the people who did user-level programs
making linux useful, and the brave and foolhardy people who risked their
harddisks and sanity to test it all out.  My thanks to you all.
(Editorial note: if you think this sounds too much like the Academy
Awards ceremony, just skip this: it's not getting any better.)

Thanks to people like Aaron Kushner, Danny ter Haar and the authors of
the AnwenderHandbuch (and others) who have helped me with hardware or
monetary donations (and to the Oxford Beer Trolls and others who took
care of the drinkware).  And thanks to Dirk, who helped me write this
announcement despite my lazyness ("hey, it's just another release, who
needs an announcement anyway?").

To make a long and boring story a bit shorter and boring, here is at
least a partial list of people who have been helping make Linux what it
is today.  Thanks to you all,

	Krishna Balasubramanian <balasub@cis.ohio-state.edu>
	Arindam Banerji <axb@cse.nd.edu>
	Peter Bauer <100136.3530@compuserve.com>
	Fred Baumgarten <dc6iq@insu1.etec.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	Donald Becker <becker@super.org>
	Stephen R. van den Berg <berg@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
	Hennus Bergman <hennus@sky.nl.mugnet.org>
	Ross Biro <bir7@leland.Stanford.Edu>
	Bill Bogstad <bogstad@cs.jhu.edu>
	John Boyd <boyd@cis.ohio-state.edu>
	Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
	Remy Card <Remy.Card@masi.ibp.fr>
	Ed Carp <ecarp@netcom.com>
	Raymond Chen <raymondc@microsoft.com>
	Alan Cox <iiitac@pyr.swan.ac.uk>
	Laurence Culhane <loz@holmes.demon.co.uk>
	Wayne Davison <davison@borland.com>
	Thomas Dunbar <tdunbar@vtaix.cc.vt.edu>
	Torsten Duwe <Torsten.Duwe@informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
	Drew Eckhardt <drew@cs.Colorado.EDU>
	Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se>
	Doug Evans <dje@cygnus.com>
	Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
	Juergen Fischer <fischer@server.et-inf.fho-emden.de>
	Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@sw.oz.au>
	Ralf Flaxa <rfflaxa@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
	Nigel Gamble <nigel%gamble.uucp@gate.net>
	Philip Gladstone <philipg@onsett.com>
	Bruno Haible <haible@ma2s2.mathematik.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	Andrew Haylett <ajh@gec-mrc.co.uk>
	Dirk Hohndel <hohndel@informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de>
	Nick Holloway <alfie@dcs.warwick.ac.uk>
	Ron Holt <ron@novell.com>
	Rob W. W. Hooft <hooft@EMBL-Heidelberg.DE>
	Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@sunsite.unc.edu>
	Fred N. van Kempen <waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org>
	Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
	Ian Kluft <ikluft@thunder.sbay.org>
	Rudolf Koenig <rfkoenig@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
	Bas Laarhoven <bas@vimec.nl>
	Warner Losh <imp@boulder.parcplace.com>
	H.J. Lu <hjl@nynexst.com>
	Tuomas J. Lukka <Tuomas.Lukka@Helsinki.FI>
	Kai M"akisara <Kai.Makisara@vtt.fi>
	Pat Mackinlay <pat@it.com.au>
	John A. Martin <jmartin@csc.com>
	Bradley McLean <brad@bradpc.gaylord.com>
	Craig Metz <cmetz@tjhsst.edu>
	William (Bill) Metzenthen <billm@vaxc.cc.monash.edu.au>
	Rick Miller <rick@discus.mil.wi.us>
	Corey Minyard <minyard@wf-rch.cirr.com>
	Eberhard Moenkeberg <emoenke@gwdg.de>
	Ian A. Murdock <imurdock@shell.portal.com>
	Johan Myreen <jem@vipunen.hut.fi>
	Stefan Probst <snprobst@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
	Daniel Quinlan <quinlan@bucknell.edu>
	Florian La Roche <rzsfl@rz.uni-sb.de>
	Robert Sanders <gt8134b@prism.gatech.edu>
	Peter De Schrijver <stud11@cc4.kuleuven.ac.be>
	Darren Senn <sinster@scintilla.santa-clara.ca.us>
	Chris Smith <csmith@convex.com>
	Drew Sullivan <drew@lethe.north.net>
	Tommy Thorn <Tommy.Thorn@daimi.aau.dk>
	Jon Tombs <jon@gtex02.us.es>
	Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
	Simmule Turner <simmy@digex.com>
	Stephen Tweedie <sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk>
	Thomas Uhl <uhl@sun1.rz.fh-heilbronn.de>
	Juergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
	Matt Welsh <mdw@sunsite.unc.edu>
	Marco van Wieringen <mvw@mercury.mcs.nl.mugnet.org>
	Stephen D. Williams <sdw@lig.net>
	G\"unter Windau <gunter@mbfys.kun.nl>
	Lars Wirzenius <lars.wirzenius@helsinki.fi>
	Roger E. Wolff <wolff@dutecai.et.tudelft.nl>
	Frank Xia <qx@math.columbia.edu>
	Eric Youngdale <eric@tantalus.nrl.navy.mil>
	Orest Zborowski <orestz@microsoft.com>

A more detailed list with contact and description information can be
found in the CREDITS file that accompanies the kernel sources.

few unimportant floating point instructions (i287 instructions that
are No-Ops on the i387, so "emulating" them is easy :^) and fixes a
silly bug when mmap'ing stuff write-only.  It also fixes a buggy lock
in the networking.

sbpcd (Sound Blaster Pro CD interface) driver.

Andries Brouwer cleans up and re-does keyboard driver diacritical handling.

Lots of new sound drivers.

Sysvfs added (Xenix, SystemV/386 and Coherent support).  Linux was
starting to have a lot of users move over..

MAP_ANONYMOUS flag added to mmap().

Loadable modules added.

Alan Cox is active in networking.

[original changelog below]

Linux 0.99.15 released: Codefreeze for 1.0

People who look into my directory on ftp.funet.fi will already have
noticed that the latest version of linux (0.99.15) is available, and I
assume it will be available on most other linux sites soon.  As
explained in a previous announcement, 0.99.15 is "it", in that this will
be the base for 1.0 after about a month of testing.  No further patches
are accepted until the 1.0 release, unless they obviously fix a serious
bug.

**** NOTE 1 ****

  For this code-freeze to be effective yet still potential bugs be
  found, testing is needed, along with good reports of errors and
  problems.  Thus, nobody should think "hey, the *real* release will be
  out in a month, let's wait for that", but instead think: "hey, I'd
  better test this one, so that the *real* release won't result in any
  ugly surprises for me".

  In short: test it out, preferably even more than you usually do.  Run
  "crashme" for the whole month if you have the CPU-power to spare,
  and/or just misuse your machine as badly as you can.  And if there are
  problems, report them to me (and the better the report, the more
  likely I am to be able to do something about it).

**** NOTE 2 ****

  Bumping the linux version number to 1.0 doesn't mean anything more
  than that: it's only a version number change.  More explicitly, it
  does *NOT* mean that linux will become commercial (the copyright will
  remain as-is), nor does it mean that development stops here, and that
  1.0 will be anything special in that respect.

  I'm also afraid that just changing the version number will not make
  potential bugs magically disappear: this has been amply proven by
  various software houses over the years.  This code-freeze is there in
  order to avoid most of the problems that people sometimes associate
  with "X.0 releases", and I hope that it will mean that we have a
  reasonably stable release that we can call 1.0 and one that I won't
  have to be ashamed of.

  Ok, enough said, I hope.  The pl15 release is hopefully good, but I'll
  continue to make ALPHA patches against it along the whole month as
  problems crop up.  The networking code has been much maligned, and is
  not perfect by far yet, but it's getting its act together thanks to
  various developers and testers.  And as wiser men than I have said (or
  if they haven't, they should have):

      "There is life after 1.0"

  Any rumors that the world is coming to an end just because I'm about to
  release a 1.0-version are greatly exaggerated.  I think.

                    Linus

----------
Things that remained the same between 0.99.14 and 0.99.15:

- I again forgot to update the README before uploading the release.  In
  pl14, I talked about pl13, while the all new and improved README has
  now caught up with pl14.  Remind me to buy a new brain one of these
  days.

Changes between versions 0.99.14 and 0.99.15:

 - improved Pentium detection.  Some of you may have had linux report
   your 4086DX2 as a pentium machine, but the new kernel will tell you
   the sad truth.  Whee.
 - Network driver updates by Donald Becker.  New drivers added, old ones
   updated.
 - FPU emulation updates by Bill Metzenthen.  Various minor errors and
   misfeatures fixed (mostly error handling).
 - Support for the SoubdBlaster Pro CD-ROM driver added by Eberhard
   Moenkeberg.
 - extended support for keyboard re-definition, along with font
   re-programming (Eugene Crosser, Andries Brouwer et al).
 - tty handling fixes: true canonical mode with most features supported
   by Julian Cowley.  This may make your canonical mode behave funnily
   if you happen to use old and broken programs that happened to work
   with the old and broken behaviour (this includes at least some
   'getty' programs).
 - serial driver changes and tty fixes by Theodore Ts'o.
 - SCSI fixes by Drew Eckhardt, Eric Youngdale, Rik Faith, Kai Mdkisara
   et al.
 - Updated sound card driver to version 2.4 (Hannu Savolainen)
 - COFF binary loading support (but you will still need the experimental
   iBCS2 patches to run non-linux i386 COFF binaries) by Al Longyear.
 - Upgraded ext2fs filesystem routines (0.4a -> 0.4b), with new
   features.  Read the fs/ext2/CHANGES file for details.  Remy Card and
   Stephen Tweedie.  Get a new fsck that knows about the new features.
 - pipe behaviour fixed in the presense of multiple writers (now
   actually conforms to POSIX specs about atomic writes).  Much of the
   code by Florian Coosmann.
 - minix filesystem extended to support the clean flag: get a new fsck
   that knows about it.
 - System V filesystem (support for Xenix, Coherent and SysV
   filesystems) by Doug Evans, Paul Monday, Pascal Haible and Bruno
   Haible.
 - loadable modules (various authors, don't remember original author of
   the "modules" code).
 - Lots of networking fixes by various people: Alan Cox, Charles
   Hedrick, me and various other people.  Non-byte-aligned networks
   work, and the networking code should be much stabler in general.

 + various bugfixes and enhacements here and there (mcd driver update by
   Jon Tombs, atixlmouse fix by Chris Colohan, /dev/full by XXX etc etc)

All in all, the patches come out to 1.5MB uncompressed (about 400kB
gzip-9'd), so there is little or no idea to make patches to plain pl14
available.  Incremental patches and ALPHA-releases can be found on
ftp.funet.fi: pub/OS/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/ALPHA-pl14.

hopefully make linux 1.0 a reality.  The plan has been discussed a bit
with various developers already, and is already late, but is still in
effect otherwise.

In short, the next version of linux (0.99.15) will be a "full-featured"
release, and only obvious bug-fixes to existing features will be applied
before calling it 1.0.  If this means that your favourite feature or
networking version won't make it, don't despair: there is life even
after beta (and it's probably not worth mailing me about it any more:
I've seen quite a few favourite features already ;-).

In fact, 1.0 has little "real meaning", as far as development goes, but
should be taken as an indication that it can be used for real work
(which has been true for some time, depending on your definition of
"real work").  Development won't stop or even slow down: some of it has
even been shelved pending a 1.0 already.

Calling it 1.0 will not necessarily make all bugs go away (quite the
opposite, judging by some other programs), but I hope it will be a
reasonably stable release.  In order to accomplish this, the code-freeze
after 0.99.15 will be about a month, and I hope people will test out
that kernel heavily, instead of waiting for "the real release" so that
any potential bugs can be found and fixed.

As to where we are now: as of this moment, the latest release is the 'r'
version of pl14 (aka "ALPHA-pl14r").  I've made ALPHA releases available
on ftp.funet.fi almost daily, and expect a final pl15 within a few more
days.  Testing out the ALPHA releases is not discouraged either if you
like recompiling kernels every day or two..

And finally: we also try to create a "credits" file that mentions the
developers of the kernel and essential linux utilities.  The credit file
compilator is jmartin@opus.starlab.csc.com (John A. Martin), and if you
feel you have cause to be mentioned in it, please contact him.

            Linus