strict aliasing violations.

One somewhat major source of strict-aliasing violations and
related warnings is the SQL_LIST structure. For example,
consider its member function `link_in_list` which takes
a pointer to pointer of type T (any type) as a pointer to
pointer to unsigned char. Dereferencing this pointer, which
is done to reset the next field, violates strict-aliasing
rules and might cause problems for surrounding code that
uses the next field of the object being added to the list.

The solution is to use templates to parametrize the SQL_LIST
structure in order to deference the pointers with compatible
types. As a side bonus, it becomes possible to remove quite
a few casts related to acessing data members of SQL_LIST.

sql/handler.h:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
sql/item.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary cast.
sql/item_subselect.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/item_sum.cc:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
  Remove now-unnecessary cast.
sql/mysql_priv.h:
  Move SQL_LIST structure to sql_list.h
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
sql/sp.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_delete.cc:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_derived.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_lex.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_lex.h:
  SQL_LIST now takes a template type argument which must
  match the type of the elements of the list. Use forward
  declaration when the type is not available, it is used
  in pointers anyway.
sql/sql_list.h:
  Rename SQL_LIST to SQL_I_List. The template parameter is
  the type of object that is stored in the list.
sql/sql_olap.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_prepare.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_show.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_table.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_trigger.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_union.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_update.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_view.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.

           strict aliasing violations.

Essentially, the problem is that large parts of the server were
developed in simpler times (last decades, pre C99 standard) when
strict aliasing and compilers supporting such optimizations were
rare to non-existent. Thus, when compiling the server with a modern
compiler that uses strict aliasing rules to perform optimizations,
there are several places in the code that might trigger undefined
behavior.

As evinced by some recent bugs, GCC does a somewhat good of job
misoptimizing such code, but on the other hand also gives warnings
about suspicious code. One problem is that the warnings aren't
always accurate, yet we can't afford to just shut them off as we
might miss real cases. False-positive cases are aggravated mostly
by casts that are likely to trigger undefined behavior.

The solution is to start a cleanup process focused on fixing and
reducing the amount of strict-aliasing related warnings produced
by GCC and others compilers. A good deal of noise reduction can
be achieved by just removing useless casts that are product of
historical cruft and are likely to trigger undefined behavior if
dereferenced.

client/mysql.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
client/mysql_upgrade.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqladmin.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
client/mysqlbinlog.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlcheck.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqldump.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlimport.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlshow.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlslap.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqltest.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/comp_err.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/my_print_defaults.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
extra/mysql_waitpid.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/perror.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/resolve_stack_dump.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/resolveip.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
include/my_getopt.h:
  Use a void pointer type as the opaque type to avoid problems with type
  incompatibility -- GCC issues warnings when the type name is not type
  compatible with a operand. As a side bonus, a explicit cast won't be
  necessary anymore.
include/sslopt-longopts.h:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
mysys/my_getopt.c:
  Update opaque type and introduce a type definition for the
  argument to my_getopt_register_get_addr.
server-tools/instance-manager/options.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
  Update mysql_getopt_value prototype (the old prototype
  was different from the definition anyway).
sql/sql_plugin.cc:
  The type of a pointer to a function must be compatible with the
  pointed-to function type, otherwise the behavior is undefined.
sql/table.cc:
  The variable buf pointer to pointer to pointer to constant char
  could improperly alias a incompatible type in call to fix_type_
  pointers. Since this was actually dead code, it is simply removed.
sql/unireg.cc:
  Remove call to get_form_pos. The code creates a new FRM file which
  is always truncated and writes the form position as 0. Hence, no
  need to retrieve it, we now for sure it is 0.
storage/archive/archive_reader.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/ft_nlq_search.c:
  Read weight directly from the buffer.
storage/myisam/fulltext.h:
  Add explanation about the type duality of a key buffer.
  Add accessor macro to retrieve a FT float value.
storage/myisam/mi_test1.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/myisam_ftdump.c:
  Read weight directly from the buffer.
storage/myisam/myisamchk.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/myisamlog.c:
  A pointer to char was used to alias a pointer to pointer to
  unsigned char, thus violating strict aliasing rules.
storage/myisam/myisampack.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
strings/decimal.c:
  Remove aliasing violation, printing the value is enough for
  debugging purposes.
tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.

The bug was caused by buffered output. Flushing resolved it.
We still recommend to allways call plan().
  
Also fix some compile warnings (formal parameter different from declaration)


unittest/examples/Makefile.am:
  Omit core-t, since it will always fail.
unittest/examples/no_plan-t.c:
  Comment that we recommend calling plan(NO_PLAN)
unittest/mytap/tap.c:
  Use the named constant NO_PLAN
  Flush all output.
unittest/mytap/tap.h:
  Change documentation for the plan() function.

Addendum: Work around a compilation failure on Windows due to
          windows.h not being added to the global namespace.

extra/yassl/include/lock.hpp:
  Move windows.h inclusion into the global namespace.

config/ac-macros/ssl.m4:
  Enable yaSSL thread safety if linking with the server or a
  thread safe client library. Avoids building a thread safe
  yaSSL when only building a non-thread safe client library.

include/my_sys.h:
  Remove stray semicolon.

The problem was that the bundled yaSSL library was being built
without thread safety support regardless of the thread safeness
of the compoments linked with it.

The solution is to enable yaSSL thread safety support if any
component (server or client) is to be built with thread support.

Also, generate new certificates for yaSSL's test suite.

config/ac-macros/yassl.m4:
  Enable yaSSL thread safety if linking with the server or a
  thread safe client library. Avoids building a thread safe
  yaSSL when only building a non-thread safe client library.
extra/yassl/CMakeLists.txt:
  Always enable for Windows builds.
extra/yassl/certs/ca-cert.pem:
  New certificate, previous one expired.
extra/yassl/certs/client-cert.der:
  New certificate, previous one expired.
extra/yassl/certs/client-cert.pem:
  New certificate, previous one expired.
extra/yassl/certs/dsa-cert.pem:
  New certificate, previous one expired.
extra/yassl/certs/server-cert.pem:
  New certificate, previous one expired.
extra/yassl/include/lock.hpp:
  Rename MULTI_THREAD to YASSL_THREAD_SAFE.
extra/yassl/src/Makefile.am:
  Use CXXFLAGS to set thread related definitions as the lock header
  (lock.hpp) has no local dependencies.
extra/yassl/src/lock.cpp:
  Rename MULTI_THREAD to YASSL_THREAD_SAFE.
extra/yassl/taocrypt/CMakeLists.txt:
  Always enable for Windows builds.
extra/yassl/taocrypt/benchmark/Makefile.am:
  Pass thread related CXXFLAGS.
extra/yassl/taocrypt/src/Makefile.am:
  Pass thread related CXXFLAGS.
extra/yassl/taocrypt/test/Makefile.am:
  Pass thread related CXXFLAGS.
extra/yassl/taocrypt/test/memory.cpp:
  Rename MULTI_THREAD to YASSL_THREAD_SAFE.
extra/yassl/testsuite/Makefile.am:
  Pass thread related CXXFLAGS.

Logging slow stored procedures caused the slow log to write 
very large lock times. The lock times was a result of a 
negative number being cast to an unsigned integer.
The reason the lock time appeard negative was because 
one of the measurements points was reset after execution
causing it to change order with the start time of the 
statement.
      
This bug is related to bug 47905 which in turn was 
introduced because of a joint fix for 12480,12481,12482 and 11587.

The fix is to only reset the start_time before any statement
execution in a SP while not resetting start_utime or
utime_after_lock which are used for measuring the 
performance of the SP. Start_time is used to set the
timestamp on the replication event which controlls how
the slave interprets time functions like NOW().

The problem is in the Item_func_isnull::update_used_tables() function,
bracket is at the wrong place. Because of that isnull item erroneously
is treated as const item. The fix is to set brackets in the right place.


mysql-test/r/func_isnull.result:
  test case
mysql-test/t/func_isnull.test:
  test case
sql/item_cmpfunc.h:
  set brackets in the right place.

when an out-of-supported-range date is detected.

NET::skip_big_packet isn't defined for the embedded server,
hide it in such a case.


sql/sql_connect.cc:
  Fix for bug #53912: Fails to build from source
    - hide net.skip_big_packet for the embedded server,
  as it isn't defined there.

            
Some of the server implementations don't support dates later
than 2038 due to the internal time type being 32 bit.
Added checks so that the server will refuse dates that cannot
be handled by either throwing an error when setting date at 
runtime or by refusing to start or shutting down the server if 
the system date cannot be stored in my_time_t.

Patch for bug#52913: Inserted check if mysqlhotcopy script is existing as requested by review. DIsabled the test until bug#54129 will befixed.

Post-push fix.

  
Post-push fix.
  
There was a valgrind issue on the loop that checks whether there
are NULL fields in the UNIQUE KEY or not. In detail, for the last 
iteration the server may read out of the key_part array boundaries,
making valgrind to output warnings.

We fix this by correcting the loop, ie, moving the part that reads
from the key_part to be inside the loop statement block. This way
the assignment is protected by the loop condition.

When using Unique Keys with nullable parts in RBR, the slave can
choose the wrong row to update. This happens because a table with
an unique key containing nullable parts cannot strictly guarantee 
uniqueness. As stated in the manual, for all engines, a UNIQUE 
index allows multiple NULL values for columns that can contain 
NULL.

We fix this at the slave by extending the checks before assuming
that the row found through an unique index is is the correct
one. This means that when a record (R) is fetched from the storage
engine and a key that is not primary (K) is used, the server does 
the following: 

 - If K is unique and has no nullable parts, it returns R;
 - Otherwise, if any field in the before image that is part of K
   is null do an index scan;
 - If there is no NULL field in the BI part of K, then return R.

A side change: renamed the existing test case file and added a
test case covering the changes in this patch.

MTR will ignore fully qualified test name entries in disabled.def 
lists. Therefore, it would still run the test case, even if it is
listed.

This patch fix this by extending the check when marking the test
case as disabled to take into consideration not only the cases that
contain the simple test name but also those that contain fully 
qualified test names.

result file differs on embedded

Field_time::get_date method does not initialize MYSQL_TIME::time_type field.
The fix is to init this field.


mysql-test/r/type_time.result:
  test case
mysql-test/t/type_time.test:
  test case
sql/field.cc:
  --use Field_time::get_time in Field_time::get_date
  --removed duplicated code in Field_time::get_date method

            and .tar.gz, windows vs linux..

On Intel x86 machines index selection by the MySQL query
optimizer could sometimes depend on the compiler version and
optimization flags used to build the server binary.

The problem was a result of a known issue with floating point
calculations on x86: since internal FPU precision (80 bit)
differs from precision used by programs (32-bit float or 64-bit
double), the result of calculating a complex expression may
depend on how FPU registers are allocated by the compiler and
whether intermediate values are spilled from FPU to memory. In
this particular case compiler versions and optimization flags
had an effect on cost calculation when choosing the best index
in best_access_path().

A possible solution to this problem which has already been
implemented in mysql-trunk is to limit FPU internal precision
to 64 bits. So the fix is a backport of the relevant code to
5.1 from mysql-trunk.

configure.in:
  Configure check for fpu_control.h
mysql-test/r/explain.result:
  Test case for bug #48537.
mysql-test/t/explain.test:
  Test case for bug #48537.
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Backport of the code to switch FPU on x86 to 64-bit precision.

err_index could be not a member of the share structure or prebuilt
structure passed from MySQL. For now, we resort to the traditional
way of scanning index->table for the index number.