Incorrect handling of NULL arguments could lead to a crash on
the IN or CASE operations when either NULL arguments were
passed explicitly as arguments (IN) or implicitly generated by
the WITH ROLLUP modifier (both IN and CASE).

Item_func_case::find_item() assumed all necessary comparators
to be instantiated in fix_length_and_dec(). However, in the
presence of WITH ROLLUP modifier, arguments could be
substituted with an Item_null leading to an "unexpected"
STRING_RESULT comparator being invoked.

In addition to the problem identical to the above,
Item_func_in::val_int() could crash even with explicitly passed
NULL arguments due to an optimization in fix_length_and_dec()
leading to NULL arguments being ignored during comparators
creation.


mysql-test/r/func_in.result:
  Test cases for bug#54477.
mysql-test/t/func_in.test:
  Test cases for bug#54477.
sql/item_cmpfunc.cc:
  Added additional checks for Item_nulls in 
  Item_func_case::find_item() and Item_func_in::val_int().

In process of record search it is not taken into account
that inital quick->file->ref value could be inapplicable
to range interval. After proper row is found this value is
stored into the record buffer and later the record is
filtered out at condition evaluation stage.
The fix is store a refernce of found row to the handler ref field.


mysql-test/r/innodb_mysql.result:
  test case
mysql-test/std_data/intersect-bug50389.tsv:
  test case
mysql-test/t/innodb_mysql.test:
  test case
sql/opt_range.cc:
  store a refernce of found row to the handler ref field.

mysql_client_binlog_statement

Problem: server may read from unassigned memory performing
"wrong" BINLOG queries.

Fix: never read from unassigned memory.


mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_base64_flag.result:
  Fix for bug #54393: crash and/or valgrind errors in
  mysql_client_binlog_statement
    - test result.
mysql-test/suite/binlog/t/binlog_base64_flag.test:
  Fix for bug #54393: crash and/or valgrind errors in
  mysql_client_binlog_statement
    - test case.
sql/sql_binlog.cc:
  Fix for bug #54393: crash and/or valgrind errors in
  mysql_client_binlog_statement
    - coded_len should not count trailing '/0';
    - never read from unassigned memory.

line exceeds the limit

Upmerge the fix from 5.0 to 5.1

           line exceeds the limit

The number and/or names of our files for the main test suite
(contents of "mysql-test/t/") now exceeds the command line
length limit on AIX.
Solve the problem by using separate "cp" commands for the
various file name extensions.

This is the fix for 5.5, where the behaviour on both installation
and upgrade is changed:
On installation, we do not start the server, to allow automated
installs (which happen in some indeterminate machine status).
If the server was stopped when the upgrade begins, we assume the
administrator is taking manual action, so we do not start the (new)
server at the end of the upgrade.
We still install the start/stop script, so it will be started on reboot.


support-files/mysql.spec.sh:
  In the "pre" section of the spec file, check the server status, and write
  the result to a file.
  In the "post" section, evaluate the status file, and start the server if
  it was running during status analysis.
  In 5.5, we do *not* start the server if there is no status file (which will happen on first installation, when there is no data directory yet).

This is the fix for 5.1, where only the behaviour on upgrade is changed:
If the server was stopped when the upgrade begins, we assume the
administrator is taking manual action, so we do not start the (new)
server at the end of the upgrade.
We still install the start/stop script, so it will be started on reboot.


support-files/mysql.spec.sh:
  In the "pre" section of the spec file, check the server status, and write
  the result to a file.
  In the "post" section, evaluate the status file, and start the server if
  it was running during status analysis.
  In 5.1, we start the server if there is no status file (which will happen
  on first installation, when there is no data directory yet).

On [Open]Solaris/x86 the FPU was not switched to 64-bit double
precision mode when the server binary was built with Sun
Studio. That caused GIS test failures due to differences in
expected and actual results.

root cause of 52208 resulted in another test failure
in 5.1.

Reorder code breaks when finding tests skipped due to --skip-rpl etc.
Add simple test that master_opt is non-empty

Kill mysqltest and call mtr_kill_leftovers() before terminating

Let mtr lookup the plugins, rather than hard-coding autotools lib path.


mysql-test/include/not_parallel.inc:
  Add new feature for skipping when running in parallel.
mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl:
  Use find_plugin to locate plugins.
  Export opt_parallel in environment.
mysql-test/suite/federated/federated_plugin-master.opt:
  Use plugin dir from mtr.
mysql-test/suite/federated/federated_plugin.test:
  Skip test, disabled.
mysql-test/t/archive_plugin-master.opt:
  Use plugin dir from mtr.
mysql-test/t/archive_plugin.test:
  Skip test if running in parallel.
mysql-test/t/blackhole_plugin-master.opt:
  Use plugin dir from mtr.
mysql-test/t/blackhole_plugin.test:
  Skip test if running in parallel.

conflicts:
   conflict      sql/sql_prepare.cc

In Prepared_statement::prepare() bail out as soon as
parser_state.init() fails, trying to continue leads to crashes.

conflicts:
   conflict      mysys/safemalloc.c
   conflict      sql/mysqld.cc
   conflict      sql/sp.cc
   conflict      sql/sql_lex.cc
   conflict      sql/sql_lex.h
   conflict      sql/sql_parse.cc
   conflict      sql/sql_prepare.cc

conflicts:
   conflict      sql/sql_parse.cc

conflicts:
   conflict      sql/sql_parse.cc

Item*) at opt_sum.cc:305
      
Queries applying MIN/MAX functions to indexed columns are
optimized to read directly from the index if all key parts
of the index preceding the aggregated key part are bound to
constants by the WHERE clause. A prefix length is also
produced, equal to the total length of the bound key
parts. If the aggregated column itself is bound to a
constant, however, it is also included in the prefix.

Such full search keys are read as closed intervals for
reasons beyond the scope of this bug. However, the procedure
missed one case where a key part meant for use as range
endpoint was being overwritten with a NULL value destined
for equality checking. In this case the key part was
overwritten but the range flag remained, causing open
interval reading to be performed.

Bug was fixed by adding more stringent checking to the
search key building procedure (matching_cond) and never
allow overwrites of range predicates with non-range
predicates.

An assertion was added to make sure open intervals are never
used with full search keys.

            strict aliasing violations.

One somewhat major source of strict-aliasing violations and
related warnings is the SQL_LIST structure. For example,
consider its member function `link_in_list` which takes
a pointer to pointer of type T (any type) as a pointer to
pointer to unsigned char. Dereferencing this pointer, which
is done to reset the next field, violates strict-aliasing
rules and might cause problems for surrounding code that
uses the next field of the object being added to the list.

The solution is to use templates to parametrize the SQL_LIST
structure in order to deference the pointers with compatible
types. As a side bonus, it becomes possible to remove quite
a few casts related to acessing data members of SQL_LIST.

sql/handler.h:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
sql/item.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary cast.
sql/item_subselect.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/item_sum.cc:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
  Remove now-unnecessary cast.
sql/mysql_priv.h:
  Move SQL_LIST structure to sql_list.h
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
sql/sp.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_delete.cc:
  Use the appropriate template type argument.
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_derived.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_lex.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_lex.h:
  SQL_LIST now takes a template type argument which must
  match the type of the elements of the list. Use forward
  declaration when the type is not available, it is used
  in pointers anyway.
sql/sql_list.h:
  Rename SQL_LIST to SQL_I_List. The template parameter is
  the type of object that is stored in the list.
sql/sql_olap.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_prepare.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_show.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_table.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_trigger.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_union.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_update.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_view.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.

           strict aliasing violations.

Essentially, the problem is that large parts of the server were
developed in simpler times (last decades, pre C99 standard) when
strict aliasing and compilers supporting such optimizations were
rare to non-existent. Thus, when compiling the server with a modern
compiler that uses strict aliasing rules to perform optimizations,
there are several places in the code that might trigger undefined
behavior.

As evinced by some recent bugs, GCC does a somewhat good of job
misoptimizing such code, but on the other hand also gives warnings
about suspicious code. One problem is that the warnings aren't
always accurate, yet we can't afford to just shut them off as we
might miss real cases. False-positive cases are aggravated mostly
by casts that are likely to trigger undefined behavior.

The solution is to start a cleanup process focused on fixing and
reducing the amount of strict-aliasing related warnings produced
by GCC and others compilers. A good deal of noise reduction can
be achieved by just removing useless casts that are product of
historical cruft and are likely to trigger undefined behavior if
dereferenced.

client/mysql.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
client/mysql_upgrade.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqladmin.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
client/mysqlbinlog.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlcheck.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqldump.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlimport.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlshow.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqlslap.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
client/mysqltest.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/comp_err.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/my_print_defaults.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
extra/mysql_waitpid.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/perror.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/resolve_stack_dump.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
extra/resolveip.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
include/my_getopt.h:
  Use a void pointer type as the opaque type to avoid problems with type
  incompatibility -- GCC issues warnings when the type name is not type
  compatible with a operand. As a side bonus, a explicit cast won't be
  necessary anymore.
include/sslopt-longopts.h:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
mysys/my_getopt.c:
  Update opaque type and introduce a type definition for the
  argument to my_getopt_register_get_addr.
server-tools/instance-manager/options.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
  Break up large strings.
  Update mysql_getopt_value prototype (the old prototype
  was different from the definition anyway).
sql/sql_plugin.cc:
  The type of a pointer to a function must be compatible with the
  pointed-to function type, otherwise the behavior is undefined.
sql/table.cc:
  The variable buf pointer to pointer to pointer to constant char
  could improperly alias a incompatible type in call to fix_type_
  pointers. Since this was actually dead code, it is simply removed.
sql/unireg.cc:
  Remove call to get_form_pos. The code creates a new FRM file which
  is always truncated and writes the form position as 0. Hence, no
  need to retrieve it, we now for sure it is 0.
storage/archive/archive_reader.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/ft_nlq_search.c:
  Read weight directly from the buffer.
storage/myisam/fulltext.h:
  Add explanation about the type duality of a key buffer.
  Add accessor macro to retrieve a FT float value.
storage/myisam/mi_test1.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/myisam_ftdump.c:
  Read weight directly from the buffer.
storage/myisam/myisamchk.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
storage/myisam/myisamlog.c:
  A pointer to char was used to alias a pointer to pointer to
  unsigned char, thus violating strict aliasing rules.
storage/myisam/myisampack.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.
strings/decimal.c:
  Remove aliasing violation, printing the value is enough for
  debugging purposes.
tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Remove now-unnecessary casts.