We had thought that pages could no longer get freed while still marked as
mlocked; but Johannes Weiner posted this program to demonstrate that
truncating an mlocked private file mapping containing COWed pages is still
mishandled:

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
	char *map;
	int fd;

	system("grep mlockfreed /proc/vmstat");
	fd = open("chigurh", O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR);
	unlink("chigurh");
	ftruncate(fd, 4096);
	map = mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
	map[0] = 11;
	mlock(map, sizeof(fd));
	ftruncate(fd, 0);
	close(fd);
	munlock(map, sizeof(fd));
	munmap(map, 4096);
	system("grep mlockfreed /proc/vmstat");
	return 0;
}

The anon COWed pages are not caught by truncation's clear_page_mlock() of
the pagecache pages; but unmap_mapping_range() unmaps them, so we ought to
look out for them there in page_remove_rmap().  Indeed, why should
truncation or invalidation be doing the clear_page_mlock() when removing
from pagecache?  mlock is a property of mapping in userspace, not a
property of pagecache: an mlocked unmapped page is nonsensical.
Reported-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>