sched/headers: Clean up <linux/sched.h>

Now that <linux/sched.h> dependencies have been sorted out,
do various trivial cleanups:

 - remove unnecessary structure predeclarations
 - fix various typos
 - update comments where necessary
 - remove pointless comments
 - use consistent types
 - tabulate consistently
 - use a consistent comment style
 - clean up the header section a bit
 - use a consistent style of a single field per line
 - remove line-breaks where they make the code look worse
 - etc ...

No change in functionality.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>