ext4: make the bitmap read routines return real error codes

Make the bitmap reaading routines return real error codes (EIO,
EFSCORRUPTED, EFSBADCRC) which can then be reflected back to
userspace for more precise diagnosis work.

In particular, this means that mballoc no longer claims that we're out
of memory if the block bitmaps become corrupt.
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

fs/ext4/balloc.c

@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ static int ext4_init_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
 	/* If checksum is bad mark all blocks used to prevent allocation
 	 * essentially implementing a per-group read-only flag. */
 	if (!ext4_group_desc_csum_verify(sb, block_group, gdp)) {
+		ext4_error(sb, "Checksum bad for group %u", block_group);
 		grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
 		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
 			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter,
@@ -360,42 +361,45 @@ static ext4_fsblk_t ext4_valid_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void ext4_validate_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
-				       struct ext4_group_desc *desc,
-				       ext4_group_t block_group,
-				       struct buffer_head *bh)
+static int ext4_validate_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+				      struct ext4_group_desc *desc,
+				      ext4_group_t block_group,
+				      struct buffer_head *bh)
 {
 	ext4_fsblk_t	blk;
 	struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
 	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 
-	if (buffer_verified(bh) || EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
-		return;
+	if (buffer_verified(bh))
+		return 0;
+	if (EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
+		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
 
 	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
-	blk = ext4_valid_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
-	if (unlikely(blk != 0)) {
+	if (unlikely(!ext4_block_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group,
+			desc, bh))) {
 		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
-		ext4_error(sb, "bg %u: block %llu: invalid block bitmap",
-			   block_group, blk);
+		ext4_error(sb, "bg %u: bad block bitmap checksum", block_group);
 		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
 			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter,
 					   grp->bb_free);
 		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_BBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
-		return;
+		return -EFSBADCRC;
 	}
-	if (unlikely(!ext4_block_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group,
-			desc, bh))) {
+	blk = ext4_valid_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
+	if (unlikely(blk != 0)) {
 		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
-		ext4_error(sb, "bg %u: bad block bitmap checksum", block_group);
+		ext4_error(sb, "bg %u: block %llu: invalid block bitmap",
+			   block_group, blk);
 		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
 			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter,
 					   grp->bb_free);
 		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_BBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
-		return;
+		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
 	}
 	set_buffer_verified(bh);
 	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -414,17 +418,18 @@ ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
 	ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
+	int err;
 
 	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
 	if (!desc)
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
 	bitmap_blk = ext4_block_bitmap(sb, desc);
 	bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk);
 	if (unlikely(!bh)) {
 		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot get buffer for block bitmap - "
 			   "block_group = %u, block_bitmap = %llu",
 			   block_group, bitmap_blk);
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	}
 
 	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh))
@@ -437,7 +442,6 @@ ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 	}
 	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 	if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
-		int err;
 
 		err = ext4_init_block_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc);
 		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
@@ -445,7 +449,7 @@ ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 		unlock_buffer(bh);
 		if (err)
-			ext4_error(sb, "Checksum bad for grp %u", block_group);
+			goto out;
 		goto verify;
 	}
 	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
@@ -468,11 +472,13 @@ ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 	submit_bh(READ | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, bh);
 	return bh;
 verify:
-	ext4_validate_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
-	if (buffer_verified(bh))
-		return bh;
+	err = ext4_validate_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	return bh;
+out:
 	put_bh(bh);
-	return NULL;
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
 
 /* Returns 0 on success, 1 on error */
@@ -485,32 +491,32 @@ int ext4_wait_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group,
 		return 0;
 	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
 	if (!desc)
-		return 1;
+		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
 	wait_on_buffer(bh);
 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read block bitmap - "
 			   "block_group = %u, block_bitmap = %llu",
 			   block_group, (unsigned long long) bh->b_blocknr);
-		return 1;
+		return -EIO;
 	}
 	clear_buffer_new(bh);
 	/* Panic or remount fs read-only if block bitmap is invalid */
-	ext4_validate_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
-	/* ...but check for error just in case errors=continue. */
-	return !buffer_verified(bh);
+	return ext4_validate_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
 }
 
 struct buffer_head *
 ext4_read_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 {
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	int err;
 
 	bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(sb, block_group);
-	if (!bh)
-		return NULL;
-	if (ext4_wait_block_bitmap(sb, block_group, bh)) {
+	if (IS_ERR(bh))
+		return bh;
+	err = ext4_wait_block_bitmap(sb, block_group, bh);
+	if (err) {
 		put_bh(bh);
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
 	}
 	return bh;
 }
@@ -681,8 +687,10 @@ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_count_free_clusters(struct super_block *sb)
 			desc_count += ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, gdp);
 		brelse(bitmap_bh);
 		bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, i);
-		if (bitmap_bh == NULL)
+		if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+			bitmap_bh = NULL;
 			continue;
+		}
 
 		x = ext4_count_free(bitmap_bh->b_data,
 				    EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);

fs/ext4/ialloc.c

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ void ext4_mark_bitmap_end(int start_bit, int end_bit, char *bitmap)
 }
 
 /* Initializes an uninitialized inode bitmap */
-static unsigned ext4_init_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+static int ext4_init_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
 				       struct buffer_head *bh,
 				       ext4_group_t block_group,
 				       struct ext4_group_desc *gdp)
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ static unsigned ext4_init_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
 					   count);
 		}
 		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_IBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
-		return 0;
+		return -EFSBADCRC;
 	}
 
 	memset(bh->b_data, 0, (EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) + 7) / 8);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ static unsigned ext4_init_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
 				   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
 	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp);
 
-	return EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void ext4_end_bitmap_read(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
@@ -112,6 +112,42 @@ void ext4_end_bitmap_read(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
 	put_bh(bh);
 }
 
+static int ext4_validate_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+				      struct ext4_group_desc *desc,
+				      ext4_group_t block_group,
+				      struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	ext4_fsblk_t	blk;
+	struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
+	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
+
+	if (buffer_verified(bh))
+		return 0;
+	if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
+		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
+
+	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
+	blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc);
+	if (!ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group, desc, bh,
+					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8)) {
+		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
+		ext4_error(sb, "Corrupt inode bitmap - block_group = %u, "
+			   "inode_bitmap = %llu", block_group, blk);
+		grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
+		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp)) {
+			int count;
+			count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
+			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
+					   count);
+		}
+		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_IBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
+		return -EFSBADCRC;
+	}
+	set_buffer_verified(bh);
+	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Read the inode allocation bitmap for a given block_group, reading
  * into the specified slot in the superblock's bitmap cache.
@@ -124,12 +160,11 @@ ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
 	ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
-	struct ext4_group_info *grp;
-	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
+	int err;
 
 	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
 	if (!desc)
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
 
 	bitmap_blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc);
 	bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk);
@@ -137,7 +172,7 @@ ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 			    "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 			    block_group, bitmap_blk);
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 	}
 	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh))
 		goto verify;
@@ -150,12 +185,14 @@ ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 
 	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 	if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)) {
-		ext4_init_inode_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc);
+		err = ext4_init_inode_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc);
 		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 		set_buffer_verified(bh);
 		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 		unlock_buffer(bh);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
 		return bh;
 	}
 	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
@@ -182,31 +219,17 @@ ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 			   "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 			   block_group, bitmap_blk);
-		return NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 	}
 
 verify:
-	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
-	if (!buffer_verified(bh) &&
-	    !ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group, desc, bh,
-					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8)) {
-		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
-		put_bh(bh);
-		ext4_error(sb, "Corrupt inode bitmap - block_group = %u, "
-			   "inode_bitmap = %llu", block_group, bitmap_blk);
-		grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
-		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp)) {
-			int count;
-			count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
-			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
-					   count);
-		}
-		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_IBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
-	set_buffer_verified(bh);
+	err = ext4_validate_inode_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
 	return bh;
+out:
+	put_bh(bh);
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -286,8 +309,15 @@ void ext4_free_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 	/* Don't bother if the inode bitmap is corrupt. */
 	grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
-	if (unlikely(EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp)) || !bitmap_bh)
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		fatal = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = NULL;
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+	if (unlikely(EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))) {
+		fatal = -EFSCORRUPTED;
 		goto error_return;
+	}
 
 	BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "get_write_access");
 	fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bitmap_bh);
@@ -826,7 +856,9 @@ struct inode *__ext4_new_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
 		brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
 		inode_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, group);
 		/* Skip groups with suspicious inode tables */
-		if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp) || !inode_bitmap_bh) {
+		if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp) ||
+		    IS_ERR(inode_bitmap_bh)) {
+			inode_bitmap_bh = NULL;
 			if (++group == ngroups)
 				group = 0;
 			continue;
@@ -902,8 +934,8 @@ struct inode *__ext4_new_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
 		struct buffer_head *block_bitmap_bh;
 
 		block_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
-		if (!block_bitmap_bh) {
-			err = -EIO;
+		if (IS_ERR(block_bitmap_bh)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(block_bitmap_bh);
 			goto out;
 		}
 		BUFFER_TRACE(block_bitmap_bh, "get block bitmap access");
@@ -1123,8 +1155,10 @@ struct inode *ext4_orphan_get(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
 	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
-	if (!bitmap_bh) {
-		ext4_warning(sb, "inode bitmap error for orphan %lu", ino);
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		ext4_warning(sb, "inode bitmap error %ld for orphan %lu",
+			     ino, err);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
@@ -1199,8 +1233,10 @@ unsigned long ext4_count_free_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
 		desc_count += ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
 		brelse(bitmap_bh);
 		bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, i);
-		if (!bitmap_bh)
+		if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+			bitmap_bh = NULL;
 			continue;
+		}
 
 		x = ext4_count_free(bitmap_bh->b_data,
 				    EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);

fs/ext4/mballoc.c

@@ -874,8 +874,10 @@ static int ext4_mb_init_cache(struct page *page, char *incore)
 			bh[i] = NULL;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!(bh[i] = ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(sb, group))) {
-			err = -ENOMEM;
+		bh[i] = ext4_read_block_bitmap_nowait(sb, group);
+		if (IS_ERR(bh[i])) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(bh[i]);
+			bh[i] = NULL;
 			goto out;
 		}
 		mb_debug(1, "read bitmap for group %u\n", group);
@@ -883,8 +885,13 @@ static int ext4_mb_init_cache(struct page *page, char *incore)
 
 	/* wait for I/O completion */
 	for (i = 0, group = first_group; i < groups_per_page; i++, group++) {
-		if (bh[i] && ext4_wait_block_bitmap(sb, group, bh[i]))
-			err = -EIO;
+		int err2;
+
+		if (!bh[i])
+			continue;
+		err2 = ext4_wait_block_bitmap(sb, group, bh[i]);
+		if (!err)
+			err = err2;
 	}
 
 	first_block = page->index * blocks_per_page;
@@ -2447,7 +2454,7 @@ int ext4_mb_add_groupinfo(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group,
 			kmalloc(sb->s_blocksize, GFP_NOFS);
 		BUG_ON(meta_group_info[i]->bb_bitmap == NULL);
 		bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
-		BUG_ON(bh == NULL);
+		BUG_ON(IS_ERR_OR_NULL(bh));
 		memcpy(meta_group_info[i]->bb_bitmap, bh->b_data,
 			sb->s_blocksize);
 		put_bh(bh);
@@ -2889,10 +2896,12 @@ ext4_mb_mark_diskspace_used(struct ext4_allocation_context *ac,
 	sb = ac->ac_sb;
 	sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 
-	err = -EIO;
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, ac->ac_b_ex.fe_group);
-	if (!bitmap_bh)
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = NULL;
 		goto out_err;
+	}
 
 	BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "getting write access");
 	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bitmap_bh);
@@ -3836,8 +3845,10 @@ ext4_mb_discard_group_preallocations(struct super_block *sb,
 		return 0;
 
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
-	if (bitmap_bh == NULL) {
-		ext4_error(sb, "Error reading block bitmap for %u", group);
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		ext4_error(sb, "Error %d reading block bitmap for %u",
+			   err, group);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -4008,9 +4019,10 @@ void ext4_discard_preallocations(struct inode *inode)
 		}
 
 		bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
-		if (bitmap_bh == NULL) {
-			ext4_error(sb, "Error reading block bitmap for %u",
-					group);
+		if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+			ext4_error(sb, "Error %d reading block bitmap for %u",
+					err, group);
 			ext4_mb_unload_buddy(&e4b);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -4754,8 +4766,9 @@ void ext4_free_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode,
 	}
 	count_clusters = EXT4_NUM_B2C(sbi, count);
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, block_group);
-	if (!bitmap_bh) {
-		err = -EIO;
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = NULL;
 		goto error_return;
 	}
 	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, &gd_bh);
@@ -4924,8 +4937,9 @@ int ext4_group_add_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb,
 	}
 
 	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, block_group);
-	if (!bitmap_bh) {
-		err = -EIO;
+	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = NULL;
 		goto error_return;
 	}