Commit d822a192 authored by Alexei Starovoitov's avatar Alexei Starovoitov Committed by Ingo Molnar

samples/bpf: Add counting example for kfree_skb() function calls and the write() syscall

this example has two probes in one C file that attach to
different kprove events and use two different maps.

1st probe is x64 specific equivalent of dropmon. It attaches to
kfree_skb, retrevies 'ip' address of kfree_skb() caller and
counts number of packet drops at that 'ip' address. User space
prints 'location - count' map every second.

2nd probe attaches to kprobe:sys_write and computes a histogram
of different write sizes

Usage:
	$ sudo tracex2
	location 0xffffffff81695995 count 1
	location 0xffffffff816d0da9 count 2

	location 0xffffffff81695995 count 2
	location 0xffffffff816d0da9 count 2

	location 0xffffffff81695995 count 3
	location 0xffffffff816d0da9 count 2

	557145+0 records in
	557145+0 records out
	285258240 bytes (285 MB) copied, 1.02379 s, 279 MB/s
		   syscall write() stats
	     byte_size       : count     distribution
	       1 -> 1        : 3        |                                      |
	       2 -> 3        : 0        |                                      |
	       4 -> 7        : 0        |                                      |
	       8 -> 15       : 0        |                                      |
	      16 -> 31       : 2        |                                      |
	      32 -> 63       : 3        |                                      |
	      64 -> 127      : 1        |                                      |
	     128 -> 255      : 1        |                                      |
	     256 -> 511      : 0        |                                      |
	     512 -> 1023     : 1118968  |************************************* |

Ctrl-C at any time. Kernel will auto cleanup maps and programs

	$ addr2line -ape ./bld_x64/vmlinux 0xffffffff81695995
	0xffffffff816d0da9 0xffffffff81695995:
	./bld_x64/../net/ipv4/icmp.c:1038 0xffffffff816d0da9:
	./bld_x64/../net/unix/af_unix.c:1231
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1427312966-8434-8-git-send-email-ast@plumgrid.comSigned-off-by: default avatarIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
parent b896c4f9
...@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ hostprogs-y += sock_example ...@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ hostprogs-y += sock_example
hostprogs-y += sockex1 hostprogs-y += sockex1
hostprogs-y += sockex2 hostprogs-y += sockex2
hostprogs-y += tracex1 hostprogs-y += tracex1
hostprogs-y += tracex2
test_verifier-objs := test_verifier.o libbpf.o test_verifier-objs := test_verifier.o libbpf.o
test_maps-objs := test_maps.o libbpf.o test_maps-objs := test_maps.o libbpf.o
...@@ -14,12 +15,14 @@ sock_example-objs := sock_example.o libbpf.o ...@@ -14,12 +15,14 @@ sock_example-objs := sock_example.o libbpf.o
sockex1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o sockex1_user.o sockex1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o sockex1_user.o
sockex2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o sockex2_user.o sockex2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o sockex2_user.o
tracex1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex1_user.o tracex1-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex1_user.o
tracex2-objs := bpf_load.o libbpf.o tracex2_user.o
# Tell kbuild to always build the programs # Tell kbuild to always build the programs
always := $(hostprogs-y) always := $(hostprogs-y)
always += sockex1_kern.o always += sockex1_kern.o
always += sockex2_kern.o always += sockex2_kern.o
always += tracex1_kern.o always += tracex1_kern.o
always += tracex2_kern.o
HOSTCFLAGS += -I$(objtree)/usr/include HOSTCFLAGS += -I$(objtree)/usr/include
...@@ -27,6 +30,7 @@ HOSTCFLAGS_bpf_load.o += -I$(objtree)/usr/include -Wno-unused-variable ...@@ -27,6 +30,7 @@ HOSTCFLAGS_bpf_load.o += -I$(objtree)/usr/include -Wno-unused-variable
HOSTLOADLIBES_sockex1 += -lelf HOSTLOADLIBES_sockex1 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_sockex2 += -lelf HOSTLOADLIBES_sockex2 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex1 += -lelf HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex1 += -lelf
HOSTLOADLIBES_tracex2 += -lelf
# point this to your LLVM backend with bpf support # point this to your LLVM backend with bpf support
LLC=$(srctree)/tools/bpf/llvm/bld/Debug+Asserts/bin/llc LLC=$(srctree)/tools/bpf/llvm/bld/Debug+Asserts/bin/llc
......
/* Copyright (c) 2013-2015 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
*/
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
#include "bpf_helpers.h"
struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") my_map = {
.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
.key_size = sizeof(long),
.value_size = sizeof(long),
.max_entries = 1024,
};
/* kprobe is NOT a stable ABI. If kernel internals change this bpf+kprobe
* example will no longer be meaningful
*/
SEC("kprobe/kfree_skb")
int bpf_prog2(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
long loc = 0;
long init_val = 1;
long *value;
/* x64 specific: read ip of kfree_skb caller.
* non-portable version of __builtin_return_address(0)
*/
bpf_probe_read(&loc, sizeof(loc), (void *)ctx->sp);
value = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&my_map, &loc);
if (value)
*value += 1;
else
bpf_map_update_elem(&my_map, &loc, &init_val, BPF_ANY);
return 0;
}
static unsigned int log2(unsigned int v)
{
unsigned int r;
unsigned int shift;
r = (v > 0xFFFF) << 4; v >>= r;
shift = (v > 0xFF) << 3; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
shift = (v > 0xF) << 2; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
shift = (v > 0x3) << 1; v >>= shift; r |= shift;
r |= (v >> 1);
return r;
}
static unsigned int log2l(unsigned long v)
{
unsigned int hi = v >> 32;
if (hi)
return log2(hi) + 32;
else
return log2(v);
}
struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") my_hist_map = {
.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
.key_size = sizeof(u32),
.value_size = sizeof(long),
.max_entries = 64,
};
SEC("kprobe/sys_write")
int bpf_prog3(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
long write_size = ctx->dx; /* arg3 */
long init_val = 1;
long *value;
u32 index = log2l(write_size);
value = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&my_hist_map, &index);
if (value)
__sync_fetch_and_add(value, 1);
return 0;
}
char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
u32 _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE;
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include "libbpf.h"
#include "bpf_load.h"
#define MAX_INDEX 64
#define MAX_STARS 38
static void stars(char *str, long val, long max, int width)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < (width * val / max) - 1 && i < width - 1; i++)
str[i] = '*';
if (val > max)
str[i - 1] = '+';
str[i] = '\0';
}
static void print_hist(int fd)
{
int key;
long value;
long data[MAX_INDEX] = {};
char starstr[MAX_STARS];
int i;
int max_ind = -1;
long max_value = 0;
for (key = 0; key < MAX_INDEX; key++) {
bpf_lookup_elem(fd, &key, &value);
data[key] = value;
if (value && key > max_ind)
max_ind = key;
if (value > max_value)
max_value = value;
}
printf(" syscall write() stats\n");
printf(" byte_size : count distribution\n");
for (i = 1; i <= max_ind + 1; i++) {
stars(starstr, data[i - 1], max_value, MAX_STARS);
printf("%8ld -> %-8ld : %-8ld |%-*s|\n",
(1l << i) >> 1, (1l << i) - 1, data[i - 1],
MAX_STARS, starstr);
}
}
static void int_exit(int sig)
{
print_hist(map_fd[1]);
exit(0);
}
int main(int ac, char **argv)
{
char filename[256];
long key, next_key, value;
FILE *f;
int i;
snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s_kern.o", argv[0]);
signal(SIGINT, int_exit);
/* start 'ping' in the background to have some kfree_skb events */
f = popen("ping -c5 localhost", "r");
(void) f;
/* start 'dd' in the background to have plenty of 'write' syscalls */
f = popen("dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=5000000", "r");
(void) f;
if (load_bpf_file(filename)) {
printf("%s", bpf_log_buf);
return 1;
}
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
key = 0;
while (bpf_get_next_key(map_fd[0], &key, &next_key) == 0) {
bpf_lookup_elem(map_fd[0], &next_key, &value);
printf("location 0x%lx count %ld\n", next_key, value);
key = next_key;
}
if (key)
printf("\n");
sleep(1);
}
print_hist(map_fd[1]);
return 0;
}
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