Spotted by Yury Umanets

There seem to be quite a few desktop K7 processors which support the
powernow cpuid call, but don't actually offer any powernow scaling.
In which case the driver prints out
"PowerNOW! Technology present. Can scale: nothing" which looks a bit odd,
and just adds to confusion of end-users.
Change things so that we don't print anything at all if we can't do anything.

Also kill some trailing whitespace gremlins that crept in.

From: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>

This driver is for ICH only, not for PIIX4. Thanks to Christian Hilberg for noting this.

As noted and debugged by Rutger Nijlunsing and verified in section 13.15.3 of Intel's
IA32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3, the p4-clockmod
msr needs to be set to the same value on all logical CPUs ("siblings") to
function "properly".
                                                                                             
This patch implements this, and uses cpufreq_p4_get instead of a local copy in
cpufreq_p4_setdc. The latter function now only does the actual setting, all
other (notification, verification and set_cpus_allowed()) stuff is done in
cpufreq_p4_target.

As several cpufreq drivers are late_initcalls now [dependency on acpi/processor.c
which is module_init()], we need to use Makefile ordering to assert that
- speedstep-centrino is loaded before acpi [faster: msr instead of io]
- speedstep-centrino, speedstep-ich and acpi are loaded before p4-clockmod
  [frequency and voltage scaling instead of throttling]

From Andreas Meisinger 

From H. Peter Anvin

I ran into a system the other day which had a Transmeta processor, but
configured in a degenerate, fixed-frequency configuration.  It crashed
booting Fedora Core 2 test 3 due to a division by zero in the longrun
cpufreq driver.

into delerium.codemonkey.org.uk:/mnt/nfs/neologic/bar/src/kernel/2.6/trees/cpufreq

On sparc64:
                                                                                                           
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c: In function `cpufreq_add_dev':
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c:394: warning: cast to pointer from integer of different size
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c: In function `handle_update':
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c:507: warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size

From: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@in.ibm.com>

Noticed that migration_thread can examine "kthread_should_stop()?" without
setting its state to TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE first.  This can cause kthread_stop
on that thread to block forever ...

P.S 	- I assumed that having the task state set to TASK_INTERRUTIBLE
	  while it is doing active_load_balance is fine. It seemed to be
	  the case earlier also.

From: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@in.ibm.com>

Fix the race in sys_sched_getaffinity.  Patch below takes cpu_hotplug lock
before reading cpus_allowed mask of a task.

From: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@in.ibm.com>

migrate_all_tasks is currently run with rest of the machine stopped.
It iterates thr' the complete task table, turning off cpu affinity of any task
that it finds affine to the dying cpu. Depending on the task table
size this can take considerable time. All this time machine is stopped, doing
nothing.

Stopping the machine for such extended periods can be avoided if we do
task migration in CPU_DEAD notification and that's precisely what this patch
does.

The patch puts idle task to the _front_ of the dying CPU's runqueue at the 
highest priority possible. This cause idle thread to run _immediately_ after
kstopmachine thread yields. Idle thread notices that its cpu is offline and
dies quickly. Task migration can then be done at leisure in CPU_DEAD
notification, when rest of the CPUs are running.

Some advantages with this approach are:

	- More scalable. Predicatable amout of time that machine is stopped.
	- No changes to hot path/core code. We are just exploiting scheduler
	  rules which runs the next high-priority task on the runqueue. Also
	  since I put idle task to the _front_ of the runqueue, there
	  are no races when a equally high priority task is woken up
	  and added to the runqueue. It gets in at the back of the runqueue,
	  _after_ idle task!
	- cpu_is_offline check that is presenty required in try_to_wake_up,
	  idle_balance and rebalance_tick can be removed, thus speeding them
	  up a bit

From: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@in.ibm.com>

  Rusty mentioned that the unlikely hints against cpu_is_offline is
  redundant since the macro already has that hint.  Patch below removes those
  redundant hints I added.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

The SMT wake_idle code really wants to look at a non-local CPU's domain in
order to check for idle siblings.

So change the domain attachment code a little bit so we continue to hold a
runqueue's lock while attaching a new domain.  This means the locking rules
have changed to: you may access your own domain without any lock, you must
hold a remote runqueue's lock in order to view its domain.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

This actually does produce better code, especially under the locked
section.

Turns a conditional + unconditional jump under the lock in the unlikely
case into a cmov outside the lock.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

It makes NEWLY_IDLE balances cause find_busiest_group return the busiest
available group even if there isn't an imbalance.  Basically - try a bit
harder to prevent schedule emptying the runqueue.

It is quite aggressive, but that isn't so bad because we don't (by default)
do NEWLY_IDLE balancing across NUMA nodes, and NEWLY_IDLE balancing is always
restricted to cache_hot tasks.

It picked up a little bit of idle time that dbt2-pgsql was seeing...

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Implement balancing during clone().  It does the following things:

- introduces SD_BALANCE_CLONE that can serve as a tool for an
  architecture to limit the search-idlest-CPU scope on clone().
  E.g. the 512-CPU systems should rather not enable this.

- uses the highest sd for the imbalance_pct, not this_rq (which didnt
  make sense).

- unifies balance-on-exec and balance-on-clone via the find_idlest_cpu()
  function. Gets rid of sched_best_cpu() which was still a bit
  inconsistent IMO, it used 'min_load < load' as a condition for
  balancing - while a more correct approach would be to use half of the
  imbalance_pct, like passive balancing does.

- the patch also reintroduces the possibility to do SD_BALANCE_EXEC on
  SMP systems, and activates it - to get testing.

- NOTE: there's one thing in this patch that is slightly unclean: i
  introduced wake_up_forked_thread. I did this to make it easier to get
  rid of this patch later (wake_up_forked_process() has lots of
  dependencies in various architectures). If this capability remains in
  the kernel then i'll clean it up and introduce one function for
  wake_up_forked_process/thread.

- NOTE2: i added the SD_BALANCE_CLONE flag to the NUMA CPU template too.
  Some NUMA architectures probably want to disable this.

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This does the source/target cleanup.  This is a no-functionality patch which
also adds more comments to explain these functions.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

This patch starts to balance woken processes when half the relevant domain's
imbalance_pct is reached.  Previously balancing would start after a small,
constant difference in waker/wakee runqueue loads was reached, which would
cause too much process movement when there are lots of processes running.

It also turns wake balancing into a domain flag while previously it was always
on.  Now sched domains can "soft partition" an SMP system without using
processor affinities.

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This re-adds cleanups which were lost in splitups of an earlier patch.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

The attached patch is required to work correctly with the CPU hotplug
framework.  John Hawkes reports successful booting with this.

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The attached patch extends sync wakeups to the process sys_exit() path too:
the chldwait wakeup can be done sync, since we know that the process is
going to exit (and thus deschedule).

The most visible effect of this change is strace's behavior on SMP systems:
it now stays on a single CPU, together with the traced child.  (previously
it would run in parallel to the child, bouncing around madly.)

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Helper function for later patches

From: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Uninline things

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

Minor cleanups from Ingo's patch including task_hot (do it right in
try_to_wake_up too).

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

De-racify the sched domain setup code.  This involves creating a dummy
"init" domain during sched_init (which is called early).

When topology information becomes available, the sched domains are then
built and attached.  The attach mechanism is asynchronous and uses the
migration threads, which perform the switch with interrupts off.  This is a
quiescent state, so domains can still be lockless on the read side.  It
also allows us to change the domains at runtime without much more work. 
This is something SGI is interested in to elegantly do soft partitioning of
their systems without having to use hard cpu affinities (which cause
balancing problems of their own).

The current setup code also has a race somewhere because it is unable to
boot on a 384 CPU system.



From: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>

   This is basically a mindless ppc64 merge of the x86 changes to sched
   domain init code.

   Actually if I produce a sibling_map[] then the x86 code and the ppc64
   will be identical.  Maybe we can merge it.

From: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>

It seems someone has been making trivial changes without using grep.

From: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>

Below are the diffs between the current ppc64 sched init stuff and x86.

- Ignore the POWER5 specific stuff, I dont set up a sibling map yet.
- What should I set cache_hot_time to?

large cpumask typechecking requirements (perhaps useful on x86 as well):
- cpu->cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE -> cpus_clear(cpu->cpumask);
- cpus_and(nodemask, node_to_cpumask(i), cpu_possible_map) doesnt work,
  need to use a temporary

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

After the for_each_domain change, the warn here won't trigger, instead it
will oops in the if statement.  Also, make sure we don't pass an empty
cpumask to for_each_cpu.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

From: John Hawkes

The following brings up performance on a 64-way Altix.  This system being on
the smaller end of the scale should also be applicable to other NUMA systems.

From: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>

Imbalance calculations were not right.  This would cause unneeded migration.