MDEV-12161 Can't specify collation for virtual columns

sql standard (2016) allows <collate clause> in two places in the
<column definition> - as a part of the <data type> or at the very end.

Let's do that too.

Side effect: in column/SP declaration `COLLATE cs_coll` automatically
implies `CHARACTER SET cs` (unless charset was specified explicitly).
See changes in sp-ucs2.result

mysql-test/r/sp-ucs2.result

@@ -100,20 +100,20 @@ RETURNS VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2
 BEGIN
 RETURN 'str';
 END|
-ERROR 42000: COLLATION 'ucs2_unicode_ci' is not valid for CHARACTER SET 'latin1'
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 CREATE FUNCTION f(f1 VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2)
 RETURNS VARCHAR(64) COLLATE ucs2_unicode_ci
 BEGIN
 RETURN 'str';
 END|
-ERROR 42000: COLLATION 'ucs2_unicode_ci' is not valid for CHARACTER SET 'latin1'
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 CREATE FUNCTION f(f1 VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2)
 RETURNS VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2
 BEGIN
 DECLARE f2 VARCHAR(64) COLLATE ucs2_unicode_ci;
 RETURN 'str';
 END|
-ERROR 42000: COLLATION 'ucs2_unicode_ci' is not valid for CHARACTER SET 'latin1'
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 SET NAMES utf8;
 DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS bug48766;
 CREATE FUNCTION bug48766 ()

mysql-test/suite/gcol/inc/gcol_column_def_options.inc

@@ -343,11 +343,12 @@ DELETE FROM t1 WHERE c=1;
 DROP TABLE t1;
 }
 
---error ER_PARSE_ERROR
 CREATE TABLE t1 (c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar"));
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT);
---error ER_PARSE_ERROR
 ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar");
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
 DROP TABLE t1;
 --error ER_PARSE_ERROR
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT COLLATE utf8_bin, c INT COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS (10));

mysql-test/suite/gcol/r/gcol_column_def_options_innodb.result

@@ -426,10 +426,20 @@ INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0);
 DELETE FROM t1 WHERE c=1;
 DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar"));
-ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar"))' at line 1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `c` char(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ('foo bar') VIRTUAL
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT);
 ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar");
-ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar")' at line 1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `i` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
+  `c` char(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ('foo bar') VIRTUAL
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
 DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT COLLATE utf8_bin, c INT COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS (10));
 ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS (10))' at line 1

mysql-test/suite/gcol/r/gcol_column_def_options_myisam.result

@@ -426,10 +426,20 @@ INSERT INTO t1(a) VALUES(0);
 DELETE FROM t1 WHERE c=1;
 DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar"));
-ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar"))' at line 1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `c` char(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ('foo bar') VIRTUAL
+) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT);
 ALTER TABLE t1 ADD COLUMN c CHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar");
-ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS ("foo bar")' at line 1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `i` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
+  `c` char(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS ('foo bar') VIRTUAL
+) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
 DROP TABLE t1;
 CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT COLLATE utf8_bin, c INT COLLATE utf8_bin GENERATED ALWAYS AS (10));
 ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'GENERATED ALWAYS AS (10))' at line 1

mysql-test/t/sp-ucs2.test

@@ -114,35 +114,35 @@ DROP FUNCTION f1|
 #
 # COLLATE with no CHARACTER SET in IN param
 #
---error ER_COLLATION_CHARSET_MISMATCH
 CREATE FUNCTION f(f1 VARCHAR(64) COLLATE ucs2_unicode_ci)
   RETURNS VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2
 BEGIN
   RETURN 'str';
 END|
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 
 
 #
 # COLLATE with no CHARACTER SET in RETURNS
 #
---error ER_COLLATION_CHARSET_MISMATCH
 CREATE FUNCTION f(f1 VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2)
   RETURNS VARCHAR(64) COLLATE ucs2_unicode_ci
 BEGIN
   RETURN 'str';
 END|
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 
 
 #
 # COLLATE with no CHARACTER SET in DECLARE
 #
---error ER_COLLATION_CHARSET_MISMATCH
 CREATE FUNCTION f(f1 VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2)
   RETURNS VARCHAR(64) CHARACTER SET ucs2
 BEGIN
   DECLARE f2 VARCHAR(64) COLLATE ucs2_unicode_ci;
   RETURN 'str';
 END|
+DROP FUNCTION f|
 
 
 delimiter ;|

sql/sql_show.cc

@@ -2013,8 +2013,13 @@ int show_create_table(THD *thd, TABLE_LIST *table_list, String *packet,
       /*
 	For string types dump collation name only if
 	collation is not primary for the given charset
+
+        For generated fields don't print the COLLATE clause if
+        the collation matches the expression's collation.
       */
-      if (!(field->charset()->state & MY_CS_PRIMARY) && !field->vcol_info)
+      if (!(field->charset()->state & MY_CS_PRIMARY) &&
+          (!field->vcol_info ||
+           field->charset() != field->vcol_info->expr->collation.collation))
       {
 	packet->append(STRING_WITH_LEN(" COLLATE "));
 	packet->append(field->charset()->name);

sql/sql_yacc.yy

@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ bool my_yyoverflow(short **a, YYSTYPE **b, ulong *yystacksize);
   Currently there are 98 shift/reduce conflicts.
   We should not introduce new conflicts any more.
 */
-%expect 98
+%expect 109
 
 /*
    Comments for TOKENS.
@@ -1774,7 +1774,7 @@ bool my_yyoverflow(short **a, YYSTYPE **b, ulong *yystacksize);
 
 %type <field_type> int_type real_type
 
-%type <Lex_field_type> type_with_opt_collate field_type
+%type <Lex_field_type> field_type
 
 %type <Lex_dyncol_type> opt_dyncol_type dyncol_type
         numeric_dyncol_type temporal_dyncol_type string_dyncol_type
@@ -3010,11 +3010,12 @@ sp_param_name_and_type:
                                  thd->variables.collation_database);
             $<spvar>$= spvar;
           }
-          type_with_opt_collate
+          field_type
           {
             LEX *lex= Lex;
             sp_variable *spvar= $<spvar>2;
 
+            Lex->set_last_field_type($3);
             if (lex->sphead->fill_field_definition(thd, lex, lex->last_field))
             {
               MYSQL_YYABORT;
@@ -3096,14 +3097,15 @@ sp_decl:
             thd->lex->init_last_field(&spvar->field_def, spvar->name.str,
                                       thd->variables.collation_database);
           }
-          type_with_opt_collate
+          field_type
           sp_opt_default
           {
             LEX *lex= Lex;
             sp_pcontext *pctx= lex->spcont;
             uint num_vars= pctx->context_var_count();
             Item *dflt_value_item= $5;
-            
+            Lex->set_last_field_type($4);
+
             if (!dflt_value_item)
             {
               dflt_value_item= new (thd->mem_root) Item_null(thd);
@@ -6665,20 +6667,6 @@ serial_attribute:
         ;
 
 
-type_with_opt_collate:
-        field_type opt_collate
-        {
-          $$= $1;
-
-          if ($2)
-          {
-            if (!(Lex->charset= merge_charset_and_collation(Lex->charset, $2)))
-              MYSQL_YYABORT;
-          }
-          Lex->set_last_field_type($1);
-        }
-        ;
-
 charset:
           CHAR_SYM SET {}
         | CHARSET {}
@@ -6751,12 +6739,25 @@ charset_or_alias:
           }
         ;
 
+collate: COLLATE_SYM collation_name_or_default
+         {
+           Lex->charset= Lex->last_field->charset= $2;
+         }
+       ;
+
 opt_binary:
           /* empty */             { bincmp_collation(NULL, false); }
         | BYTE_SYM                { bincmp_collation(&my_charset_bin, false); }
         | charset_or_alias opt_bin_mod { bincmp_collation($1, $2); }
         | BINARY                  { bincmp_collation(NULL, true); }
         | BINARY charset_or_alias { bincmp_collation($2, true); }
+        | charset_or_alias collate
+          {
+            if (!my_charset_same(Lex->charset, $1))
+              my_yyabort_error((ER_COLLATION_CHARSET_MISMATCH, MYF(0),
+                                Lex->charset->name, $1->csname));
+          }
+        | collate { }
         ;
 
 opt_bin_mod:
@@ -16854,8 +16855,9 @@ sf_tail:
             lex->init_last_field(&lex->sphead->m_return_field_def, NULL,
                                  thd->variables.collation_database);
           }
-          type_with_opt_collate /* $11 */
+          field_type /* $11 */
           { /* $12 */
+            Lex->set_last_field_type($11);
             if (Lex->sphead->fill_field_definition(thd, Lex, Lex->last_field))
               MYSQL_YYABORT;
           }